The highest work rate associated with a predominantly aerobic contribution coincides with the highest work rate at which VO can be attained.

Purpose: To estimate the highest power output at which predominant energy contribution is derived from the aerobic system (aerobic limit power: ALP) and to compare ALP with the upper boundary of the severe intensity exercise domain.

Methods: Fifteen male individuals participated in this study. The upper boundary was estimated using i) linear relationship between time to achieve O and time to task failure (P), ii) hyperbolic relationships between time to achieve O vs.

Study on active capacity and detergent application potential of low-temperature alkaline serine protease produced by new strain Exiguobacterium indicum 1.2.3.

Microorganisms have long captivated researchers for their potential to produce enzymes with diverse industrial applications. Efficient production of proteases from new strains is crucial as these enzymes play a vital role in breaking down protein bonds, enabling their use in industrial applications. Therefore, a novel Exiguobacterium indicum 1.

Estimation of Heat Production Rate using Thermal Data During Exercise in Indoor Environments: A Study of Heat Storage Rate in Male Athletes.

The increasing preference for indoor exercise spaces highlights the relationship between indoor thermal environments and physiological responses, particularly concerning thermal comfort during physical activity. Determining the metabolic heat production rate during exercise is essential for optimizing the thermal comfort, well-being, and performance of individuals engaged in physical activities. This value can be determined during the activity using several methods, including direct calorimetry measurement, indirect calorimetry that uses analysis of respiratory gases, or approximations using collected data such as speed, body mass, and heart rate.

Different categories of VO kinetics in the 'extreme' exercise intensity domain.

The aim of this study was to classify potential sub-zones within the extreme exercise domain. Eight well-trained male cyclists participated in this study. The upper boundary of the severe exercise domain (P) was estimated by constant-work-rate tests.

Cardiovascular responses of exercises performed within the extreme exercise domain.

Stroke volume (SV), heart rate (HR) and arterio-venous O2 difference (a-vO2diff) responses to heavy and severe-intensity exercise have been well documented; however, there is a lack of information on the SV, HR and a v-O2diff responses of work rates within extreme exercise domain. The aim of this study was, therefore, to focus on central and peripheral components of VO2 responses to exercises performed within the heavy, severe and extreme exercise domain. Eight well-trained male cyclists participated in this study.

Assessing Acute Responses to Exercises Performed Within and at the Upper Boundary of Severe Exercise Domain.

: The highest work-rate that provides maximal oxygen uptake () may be one of the best exercise stimuli to yield both and lactate accumulation. The aim of this study was to analyze physiological and metabolic acute responses of an exercise modality performed at the upper boundary of the severe exercise domain, and compare those responses with exercise modalities applied within the severe exercise domain. : Ten trained male cyclists participated in this study.

Antibiotic resistance rates and penicillin MIC distribution in patients with streptococcal pneumonia between 2013-2019, and use of antibiotics in clinical practice.

Purpose: The purpose of the present study is to investigate the antibiotic resistance rates and use of antibiotics in patients with streptococcal pneumonia in a reference tertiary care hospital for pulmonary diseases in Izmir, Turkey.

Methods: A total of 1224 cases with streptococcal pneumonia between 2013 and 2019 were included in the study, retrospectively. Drug susceptibility testing for penicillin and other antibiotics were performed according to the recommendations of EUCAST criteria.

The effects of simultaneous foot-and-mouth disease and Escherichia coli vaccination on the immunity of pregnant cows and their calves.

Fighting against infectious diseases with almost 18 million cattle spread over a wide geographical area is troublesome economically and physically. The administration of different vaccines simultaneously during the foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccination campaign will help reduce both the vaccine stress of animals and the field veterinarians' workload. Diarrhea due to Escherichia coli (E.

Development potentials of commonly used high-intensity training strategies on central and peripheral components of maximal oxygen consumption.

The aim of this study was to reveal the development potentials of five high-intensity training models on central and peripheral components of maximal oxygen consumption (VO). Following VO determination, maximal cardiac output (Q), maximal stroke volume (SV), and maximal arteriovenous O difference (a-vO) were analysed. Short-interval- (short-HIIT), long-interval (long-HIIT), alternating work-rate continuous (alter-HIT), constant work-rate continuous (const-HIT), and sprint interval (SIT) sessions were performed on separate days with iso-effort and iso-time methods.

Electromyostimulation Application on Peroneus Longus Muscle Improves Balance and Strength in American Football Players.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 5 weeks of electromyostimulation (EMS) of the peroneus longus muscle on balance and muscle strength in American Football (AmF) players.

Methods: Thirty-two healthy male athletes (4 American Football team training sessions per week, college level) were randomly divided into the EMS and control groups. The EMS applications were conducted on the dominant peroneus longus muscle 3 times per week for 5 weeks, with each application lasting 25 minutes.

Correlation of preoperative PET/computer tomography 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake (maximum standardized uptake value) with prognosis in patients with operated lung cancer.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation of preoperative 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/computed tomography maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) in operated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cases with other prognostic parameters and survival.

Patients And Methods: NSCLC patients treated by surgical resection were imaged with PET within 60 days before surgery.

Results: Overall, 525 cases consecutive patients were retrospectively reviewed.

Interstitial Lung Disease in Systemic Sclerosis: A Single-center Retrospective Analysis.

Background: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by microangiopathy, inflammation, fibrosis. Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is common among SSc patients.

Objective: This study aims to define the clinical, laboratory, and serologic characteristics of SSc patients with ILD and to present the frequency of chest computed tomography features.

A new technique to analyse threshold-intensities based on time dependent change-points in the ratio of minute ventilation and end-tidal partial pressure of carbon-dioxide production.

The aim of this study was to test the utility and effectiveness of an alternative computational approach to threshold-intensities based on time dependent change-points in minute ventilation divided by end-tidal partial pressure of CO (V/PCO) to reveal whether respiratory compensation point (RCP) is a third ventilatory threshold, or not. Ten recreationally active young adults and ten well-trained athletes volunteered to take part in this study. Following incremental ramp tests, gas exchange threshold (GET) and respiratory compensation point (RCP) were respectively evaluated by the slopes of VCO-VO and V-VCO using the Innocor system automatically.

The effects of vibration on efficiency in off-road cyclists.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate whether vibration significantly affected the efficiency of off-road cyclists.

Patients And Methods: Eight male mountain cyclists (mean age 21.1±1 years; range, 19 to 22 years) between August 2017 and November 2017 were included.

The impact of charlson comorbidity index on mortality from SARS-CoV-2 virus infection and A novel COVID-19 mortality index: CoLACD.

Objective: The aim of this study is to find out the potential risk factors including charlson comorbidity index (CCI) score associated with death in COVID-19 patients hospitalised because of pneumonia and try to find a novel COVID-19 mortality score for daily use.

Methods: All patients diagnosed as confirmed or probable COVID-19 pneumonia whom hospitalised in our Chest Diseases Education and Research Hospital between March 11, 2020 and May 15, 2020 were enrolled. The optimal cut-off values, sensitivity and specificity values and odds ratios to be used in mortality prediction of the novel scoring system created from these parameters were calculated by ROC analysis according to the area under the curve and Youden index.

Do PON1-Q192R and PON1-L55M polymorphisms modify the effects of hypoxic training on paraoxonase and arylesterase activity?

Background: Low levels of antioxidant paraoxonase 1 (PON1) enzyme activity, PON1-Q192R polymorphism (a glutamine (Q) to arginine (R) substitution at position 192), PON1-L55M polymorphism (a leucine (L) to methionine (M) substitution at position 55), and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) are risk factors for coronary heart disease. Aerobic exercise improves PON1 activity, but the effects of hypoxic exercise are yet unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of hypoxic underwater rugby training on PON1 activity and oxLDL levels and the role of the mentioned polymorphisms.

The relation between distant metastasis and genetic change type in stage IV lung adenocarcinoma patients at diagnosis.

Introduction: Brain metastasis prevalence is higher in patients with positive epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation, anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and C-ROS oncogene 1 (ROS-1) fusion change in lung adenocarcinoma.

Objectives: The purpose of our study is to investigate the relation between the genetic change type and the initial distant metastasis in stage IV lung adenocarcinoma patients with genetic changes.

Methods: The study was conducted between January 2007 and December 2018 in a retrospective fashion with patients who had lung cancer diagnosed as stage IV adenocarcinoma.

Sigmoidal VO on-kinetics: A new pattern in VO responses at the lower district of extreme exercise domain.

The aim of the study was to analyse the VO on-kinetics belonging to the work rates within the lower district of extreme exercise domain. Maximal O utilisation and peak power outputs of eight well-trained cyclists were revealed by multisession trails. Critical threshold (CT) as the lower boundary of severe domain and aerobic limit power (ALP) as the upper boundary of severe domain were determined by multisession constant-load exercises.

How does chronic obstructive pulmonary disease affect the survival of patients with stage 4 lung cancer?

Background: Lung cancer risk is increased in COPD. However, it is not clear how COPD affects the course of lung cancer.

Aim: To determine whether the overall survival of stage 4 lung cancer patients differ in various COPD stages.

Monitoring the performance of foot-and-mouth disease vaccines prepared against local strains in the face of antigenic evolution in the field.

National programs for foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) eradication includes the use of vaccination; Turkey which is endemic to FMD virus (FMDV) (except for the Thrace region) and there is a risk of incursion of exotic strains from eastern borders. In 2015, a devastating outbreak was caused by the A/ASIA/G-VII (G-VII) lineage, which led to the inclusion of a new vaccine strain (A/TUR/15) derived from this lineage in 3 months. Although most of the cattle population in Turkey was then immunized with A/TUR/15 (vaccine coverage: 92.

The importance of the verification phase following an incremental exercise to ensure maximum oxygen consumption.

Background: The purpose of this study was to analyze cardiac output (Qc), stroke volume (SV), heart rate (HR), and arterio-venous O2 difference (a-vO2diff) responses throughout a graded exercise test (GXT) and verification phase (VP) to examine whether SV decrement during the GXT is a main factor for underestimation of the maximal O2 uptake (V̇O2max), or not.

Methods: Seven well-trained male cyclists volunteered for this study (V̇O2max: 61.7±6.

Characteristics of Patients with Large-Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Lung.

Objectives: Neuroendocrine tumors of the lungs are a clearly different group of tumors with definite ultrastructural, immunohistochemical, and molecular features. We reported and analyzed the incidence, clinicopathological features, surgery rates, responses to first-line therapy, and survival outcomes of this rare condition according to our lung cancer patient database.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively collected the data of 62 patients who were histopathologically diagnosed with large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of lung (LCNEC) between January 2010 and January 2016.

Metabolic activity of primary tumour on PET/CT has a relationship with survival in stages I-III small-cell lung carcinoma.

Introduction: There is limited evidence about the prognostic value of FDG-PET/CT metrics in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients staged with TNM staging system.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to examine the prognostic value of pretreatment FDG-SUV in patients with SCLC staged with 8th TNM staging system.

Methods: A total of 344 (292 male) SCLC patients with pretreatment FDG- PET/CT were included.

Grey Zone: A Gap Between Heavy and Severe Exercise Domain.

Ozkaya, O, Balci, GA, As, H, Cabuk, R, and Norouzi, M. Grey zone: A gap between heavy and severe exercise domain. J Strength Cond Res 36(1): 113-120, 2022-The aim of this study was to determine a critical threshold (CT) interpreted as "the highest exercise intensity where V̇o2 can be stabilized before reaching 95% of V̇o2max (V̇o2peak)" and compare it with commonly used anaerobic threshold indices.

Duration of Stay of Patients with Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Influenza Season.

Objectives: There is a seasonal variation in the incidence of some infectious diseases. We analyzed the impact of influenza season (IS) on duration of stay (DOS) and some other characteristics of patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).

Materials And Methods: In our retrospective cohort study, we analyzed data of 369 patients with CAP.