Complex Infection-Control Measures with Disinfectant Switch Help the Successful Early Control of Carbapenem-Resistant Outbreak in Intensive Care Unit.

A carbapenem-resistant (CRAB) outbreak in an intensive care unit (ICU) was contained by an improved infection-control measure that included a disinfectant policy. In our retrospective cohort study, we describe the epidemiological investigations and infection-control measures during this outbreak. Descriptive analysis was used to summarize patient demographics, neurological diseases, surgical treatment, underlying diseases, infection, and outcomes.

The Roles of a Multidrug-Resistant High-Risk Clone and Its Resistance Plasmids on the Gastrointestinal Colonization and Host-Defense Effectors in the Gut.

The asymptomatic gastrointestinal colonization of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria can lead to difficult-to-treat infections. We investigated the role of host factors influencing colonization in an orogastrical murine infection model using a CTX-M-15- and OXA-162-producing ST15 (MDR-KP) strain, as well as J53 (EC) and transconjugants with an IncFII(K) plasmid carrying CTX-M-15 (EC-CTXM), and with an IncL plasmid carrying OXA-162 (EC-OXA) genes. The fecal bacterial count in colony-forming unit/gram stool (CFU/g) was determined by cultivation, IgA and defensin levels by ELISA, and gut microbiota by 16S rRNA analysis.

Change in Tissue Microbiome and Related Human Beta Defensin Levels Induced by Antibiotic Use in Bladder Carcinoma.

It is now generally accepted that the success of antitumor therapy can be impaired by concurrent antibiotic therapy, the presence of certain bacteria, and elevated defensin levels around the tumor tissue. The aim of our current investigation was to identify the underlying changes in microbiome and defensin levels in the tumor tissue induced by different antibiotics, as well as the duration of this modification. The microbiome of the tumor tissues was significantly different from that of healthy volunteers.

Specific nasopharyngeal Corynebacterium strains serve as gatekeepers against SARS-CoV-2 infection.

The SARS-CoV-2 virus is still causing a worldwide problem. The virus settles primarily on the nasal mucosa, and the infection and its course depend on individual susceptibility. Our aim was to investigate the nasopharynx composition's role in the individual susceptibility.

Bladder Tissue Microbiome Composition in Patients of Bladder Cancer or Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Related Human Beta Defensin Levels.

Balance between the microbiome associated with bladder mucosa and human beta defensin (HBD) levels in urine is a dynamic, sensitive and host-specific relationship. HBD1-possessing both antitumor and antibacterial activity-is produced constitutively, while the inducible production of antibacterial HBD2 and HBD3 is affected by bacteria. Elevated levels of HBD2 were shown to cause treatment failure in anticancer immunotherapy.

Development and In-Depth Characterization of Bacteria Repellent and Bacteria Adhesive Antibody-Coated Surfaces Using Optical Waveguide Biosensing.

Bacteria repellent surfaces and antibody-based coatings for bacterial assays have shown a growing demand in the field of biosensors, and have crucial importance in the design of biomedical devices. However, in-depth investigations and comparisons of possible solutions are still missing. The optical waveguide lightmode spectroscopy (OWLS) technique offers label-free, non-invasive, in situ characterization of protein and bacterial adsorption.

Bicarbonate Evokes Reciprocal Changes in Intracellular Cyclic di-GMP and Cyclic AMP Levels in .

The formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms in cystic fibrosis (CF) is one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality in CF patients. Cyclic di-GMP and cyclic AMP are second messengers regulating the bacterial lifestyle transition in response to environmental signals. We aimed to investigate the effects of extracellular pH and bicarbonate on intracellular c-di-GMP and cAMP levels, and on biofilm formation.

Colonization Dynamics of Multidrug-Resistant Are Dictated by Microbiota-Cluster Group Behavior over Individual Antibiotic Susceptibility: A Metataxonomic Analysis.

Gastrointestinal carriage of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria is one of the main risk factors for developing serious, difficult-to-treat infections. Given that there is currently no all-round solution to eliminate colonization with MDR bacteria, it is particularly important to understand the dynamic process of colonization to aid the development of novel decolonization strategies. The aim of our present study was to perform metataxonomic analyses of gut microbiota dynamics during colonization with an extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)- and carbapenemase-producing (ECKP) strain in mice; additionally, to ascertain the effects of antibiotic administration (ampicillin, ceftazidime, and ciprofloxacin) on the establishment and elimination of ECKP intestinal colonization.

The influence of antibiotics on transitory resistome during gut colonization with CTX-M-15 and OXA-162 producing Klebsiella pneumoniae ST15.

Great efforts have been made to limit the transmission of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE), however, the intestinal reservoir of these strains and its modulation by various antibiotics remain largely unexplored. Our aim was to assess the effects of antibiotic administration (ampicillin, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin) on the establishment and elimination of intestinal colonization with a CTX-M-15 ESBL and OXA-162 carbapenemase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae ST15 (KP5825) in a murine (C57BL/6 male mice) model. Whole genome sequencing of KP5825 strain was performed on an Illumina MiSeq platform.

Antibacterial Effects of Bicarbonate in Media Modified to Mimic Cystic Fibrosis Sputum.

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a hereditary disease caused by mutations in the gene encoding an epithelial anion channel. In CF, Cl and HCO hyposecretion, together with mucin hypersecretion, leads to airway dehydration and production of viscous mucus. This habitat is ideal for colonization by pathogenic bacteria.

Adenovirus Isolated From a Cat Is Related to Human Adenovirus 1.

An adenovirus (AdV) has been isolated from the rectal swab of a domestic cat () and named feline adenovirus (FeAdV) isolate. It replicates and causes cytopathological effects in many human, feline, other mammalian cell lines that have both Coxsackie-adenovirus-receptor and integrins. Its antigens cross-react with anti-human adenovirus antibodies in immunofluorescence and immunocytochemistry assays.

Bicarbonate Inhibits Bacterial Growth and Biofilm Formation of Prevalent Cystic Fibrosis Pathogens.

We investigated the effects of bicarbonate on the growth of several different bacteria as well as its effects on biofilm formation and intracellular cAMP concentration in . Biofilm formation was examined in 96-well plates, with or without bicarbonate. The cAMP production of bacteria was measured by a commercial assay kit.

Roseolovirus-associated encephalitis in immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals.

The roseoloviruses, human herpesvirus (HHV)-6A, HHV-6B, and HHV-7, can cause severe encephalitis or encephalopathy. In immunocompetent children, primary HHV-6B infection is occasionally accompanied by diverse clinical forms of encephalitis. Roseolovirus coinfections with heterologous viruses and delayed primary HHV-7 infection in immunocompetent adults result in very severe neurological and generalized symptoms.

Kurthia gibsonii as a sexually transmitted zoonosis: From a neglected condition during World War II to a recent warning for sexually transmitted disease units.

Context: Zoonotic sexual transmission.

Aims: Identification of unknown microorganisms causing sexually transmitted zoonotic infection was a common effort of clinicians and the laboratory.

Settings And Design: A male patient had recurring urethritis and balanitis after having repeated unprotected penetrative sexual intercourse with female piglets.

[Integrated optical sensor for rapid analysis of biological samples].

Introduction: In the medical diagnostics of bacteria, the rapid detection of pathogenic microorganisms from body fluids is one of the most important tasks. The majority of the modern measuring techniques are based on specific labels bound to the bacteria. However, this strategy usually assumes a rather time-consuming procedure involving several steps (e.

Isolation of Kurthia gibsonii from non-gonorrheal urethritis: implications for the pathomechanism upon surveying the literature.

The incidence and number of species involved in the spectrum of sexually transmitted infections continue to increase. Laboratories have to be prepared for identification of unusual microbes. In our practice, a male patient had recurring urethritis and balanitis after having repeated unprotected insertive sexual intercourse with female piglets.

Immunochemistry of adenoviruses: limitations and new horizons of gene therapy.

Adenoviruses have increasingly been recognized as significant viral pathogens causing high morbidity and mortality especially among immunocompromised individuals such as transplant recipients and AIDS patients. Through the infection process, after the adenovirus fiber and penton are bonded to cell surface receptors through special amino acid moieties, secondary messengers activate protein kinases, pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Serotype and species specific antibodies also are induced.

[Adenovirus infections in immunocompromised patients].

Human adenoviruses function as genetic models and vectors for gene therapy. Upper respiratory, gastrointestinal or ocular infections usually have mild course without any major complication in immunocompetent individuals. However, reactivation from latency in immunocompromised patients may lead to death.