[Transformation of secondary myelodysplastic syndrome to atypical chronic myeloid leukemia in a female patient with acute myeloid leukemia].

Secondary myeloid neoplasia may be a complication of intensive cytostatic therapy. The most common types of secondary neoplasias are acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome. The development of secondary atypical chronic myeloid leukemia (aCML) is an extremely rare phenomenon.

[The specific features of diagnosis of mixed-phenotype acute leukemia: A combination of B-cell antigen expressions according to the results of flow cytometry and morphological markers of myeloid differentiation in blast cells: A clinical case].

This rare type of acute leukemia, blast cells of which express myeloid and/or lymphoid markers, is mainly diagnosed using flow cytometric findings. The paper describes a clinical case of mixed-phenotype acute leukemia, in which B-cell lymphoid antigen expressions were revealed by a flow cytometric technique, while bone marrow morphological specimens showed the signs of myeloid differentiation specific to blast cells. It is concluded that there is a need for a comprehensive examination of patients with new-onset acute leukemia and for an aggregate analysis of flow cytometric results with morphological and cytochemical findings.

[Retrospective analysis of the morphological, cytochemical, cytogenetic, electron microscopic, and biochemical features of blast cells in acute promyelocytic leukemia].

The paper presents a retrospective analysis of long-term follow-ups (from 1959 to 2000) of 86 patients with acute pro-myelocytic leukemia, a rare type of hemoblastoses. The specific features of this form of leukemia is that blast cells of the bone marrow and peripheral blood have a specific granularity that plays a decisive role in the development of the severe hemorrhagic syndrome leading to patients' death. The morphological, cytochemical, cytogenetic, electron microscopic, and biochemical features of blast cells in this disease and its pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and treatment are considered.

[The action in vitro of a permanent and an alternating magnetic field and of cytosar on the colony- and cluster-forming properties of bone marrow cells from hematologic patients].

The bone marrow of hematological patients was studied as were effects of cytozar at different dilutions on the bone marrow cells. The analysis of the secured results showed the magnetic field to be a powerful biologically active factor capable of changing clonogenic properties, proliferative and differentiative potential of hemopoietic cells precursors. A long exposure brings about a decline in the colony-forming activity of bone-marrow cells, that is to say, with prolongation of time of the exposition the magnetic field becomes an unfavourable factor for the leukotic cell culture development.

[Immunomodulator Cycloferon in the comprehensive treatment of patients with acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia].

The therapeutic benefit and action of the immunomodulator Cycloferon were evaluated in patients with acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia. When administered in conjunction with chemotherapy during first complete remission, it reduced both early-onset relapse frequency and degree of cytostatic-induced immune deficiency. The drug's action is mediated by changes taking place in cytokine and interferon synthesis.

[The in-vitro effect of continuous and pulsed magnetic field on the colony-forming ability of bone marrow cells from hematologic patients].

The investigation was concerned with the effect of magnetic field on the colony- and cluster-forming potential of myelo- and monocytopoietic precursor-cells in different blood diseases. Bone marrow from 72 patients was exposed in vitro to low continuous magnetic field and to intermittent continuous and pulsed one--from another 22 patients. The ADMT-Magnipulse source was used.

[The results of a hematological examination of the population living in an area of intense radiological control in Bryansk Province].

As many as 1492 residents of populated areas in Zlynka District of Bryansk Province were studied. There were 628 children and 864 adults in the series. Contamination with radionuclides in the territory of residence was of the order of 40/km2 and above; the level of cesium deposition in the body of the examinees ranged between 0.

[Clinical experience using the cryoprotector "hecmolit" in performing autologous bone marrow transplantation].

The authors summarize clinical evidence obtained on the efficacy of a new Russian cryoprotector hecmolit in the conduction of autotransplantation of 8 patients with acute leukemia. The markers of the preserved hemopoietic potential of the unfrozen bone marrow were the amount of myelokaryocytes, their viability in the test with vital stain, CFU-GM level. Infusions of the marrow suspension incorporating hecmolit (120-180 ml) produced minimaL side effects.

[Morphological and pathogenetic aspects of aplastic anemia].

A complex study of colony-stimulating properties of cells-precursors of granulomonocytopoiesis, morphological parameters of the marrow histological structures and immunological parameters was carried out in 90 patients to specify pathogenic mechanisms of aplastic anemia (AA) development. 95% of patients appeared to have sharp decrease of the marrow colony-stimulating properties and only 5% had normal initial indexes. In most patients endostal cell number increased, while the content of reticulocytes grew higher in more than 30% of patients.

[Experience with the use of reaferon (alfa 2-interferon) for treating patients with chronic myeloleukemia].

The effectiveness of domestic alpha 2-interferon preparation reaferon was studied in vivo and in vitro for eradication of pathological hemopoietic clone in chronic myeloid leukemia. Reaferon administration for 1-30 months produced cytogenetic remission in 7%, hematological remission in 21%, partial hematological remission in 36% of the patients. Reaferon is indicated in chronic myeloid leukemia without splenomegaly.

[The colony-forming capacity of the precursor cells of granulomonocytopoesis in bone marrow aplasia].

Retrospective analysis of 80 patients with aplastic anaemia (AA) was performed in order to examine clonogenic properties of granulomonocytopoiesis precursors and to specify the extent of disorder of hemopoiesis in AA. Sharp decrease of clonogenic properties of precursors, especially in severe form of AA was established to be present in 95% of patients, while only in 5% of patients initial indexes of the clonogenic ability were discovered to be normal. After treatment with ALG, prednisolum and androgen and also after splenectomy, clonogenic ability increased appropriately in 43%, 16.

[The importance of studying clonogenic properties of medullary hematopoietic cells in multiple myeloma].

The study of clonogenic properties of granulomonocytopoiesis cell-precursors (CFU-GM) in 47 multiple myeloma patients revealed that the lowest clonogenic activity of the bone marrow occurs in the initial stage of multiple myeloma and in the development of the disease relapse. In remission the pool of normal CFU-GM seemed much improved due to suppression of the tumor cell pool by cytostatic drugs. Clonogenic properties of the above cell-precursors may serve a valuable marker of the multiple myeloma treatment efficacy.

[Effect of the blood sera of patients with different pathologies on normal and leukemic cells--the precursors of granulo- and monocytopoiesis].

A study was made of the effect of the blood sera of persons of the control group and patients with various diseases of the blood on normal precursor cells of granulo-monocytopoiesis (CFU-GM) and leukemic clonogenic cells. A stimulating human blood serum effect on proliferation was noted during cultivation of normal CFU-GM and leukemic clonogenic cells in the "agar drop-liquid medium" system. As a rule, the stimulating serum effect manifested itself in the presence of feeder cells or a high "spontaneous" colony formation.

[Colony-forming ability of precursor cells of granulomonocytopoiesis in an agar bilayer system in healthy subjects].

It is necessary to know growth characteristics of normal hemopoietic cells in order to estimate their clonogenic properties at different diseases of the blood system. Twelve healthy persons at the age of 27-49 years have been examined. Cellular aggregates have been counted on the 7th day.

[Use of molecular sulfur as an agent oxidizing H2 by a facultative anaerobic Pseudomonas strain].

Pseudomonas Z-731, subspecies P. mendocina, was grown under anaerobic conditions in the atmosphere of hydrogen. Apart from hydrogen nitrate reduction and Fe3+ reduction, the organism was able to reduce S0, S2O3 and SO3 with the formation of H2S.

[Cellular composition of hemopoietic tissue of the liver and spleen in the human fetus].

Cell composition has been studied in hepatic reprints of 76 human fetuses between 6-27 weeks of development. Erythropoiesis predominates during the whole period of hepatic hemopoiesis. During 6-7 weeks primary erythroblasts make 1/4 of all erythroid cells, and by the 22d-27th weeks their content does not even reach 1.