Unlocking Nitrofurantoin: Understanding Molecular Mechanisms of Action and Resistance in Enterobacterales.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health crisis that has already claimed millions of lives and is projected to affect millions more unless urgent action is taken. Effective control of AMR requires the correct choice and dosage of antibiotics, as well as robust surveillance and research. Understanding the mechanisms of antibiotic action and the emergence of resistance phenotypes along with their genotypes is essential.

Antimicrobial Resistance Studies Using Raman Spectroscopy on Clinically Relevant Bacterial Strains.

There has been a steep rise in the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the past few years. A timely diagnosis can help in initiating appropriate antibiotic therapy. However, conventional techniques for diagnosing antibiotic resistance are time-consuming and labor-intensive.

Localized outbreaks of belonging to international high-risk clones in a south Indian hospital.

. is now considered as a major bacterial pathogen associated with hospital infections. Frequently, multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) are being encountered.

Prediction of nitrofurantoin resistance among Enterobacteriaceae and mutational landscape of in vitro selected resistant Escherichia coli.

Nitrofurantoin (NIT) has long been a drug of choice in the treatment of lower urinary tract infections. Recent emergence of NIT resistant Enterobacteriaceae is a global concern. An ordinal logistic regression model based on PCR amplification patterns of five genes associated with NIT resistance (nfsA, nfsB, ribE, oqxA, and oqxB) among 100 clinical Enterobacteriaceae suggested that a combination of oqxB, nfsB, ribE, and oqxA is ideal for NIT resistance prediction.

Complete genome sequence of an extensively drug resistant (XDR) M. morganii SMM01 isolated from a patient with urinary and fecal incontinence.

Objective: M. morganii is a gram-negative, non-lactose fermenting and an opportunistic pathogen frequently associated with nosocomial infections. Although first isolated in 1906 from a pediatric fecal sample, not many M.

Genomic analysis of a multidrug-resistant Brucella anthropi strain isolated from a 4-day-old neonatal sepsis patient.

Objectives: Brucella anthropi is a Gram-negative, aerobic, motile, oxidase-positive, non-fermentative Alphaproteobacteria belonging to the family Brucellaceae. It is most commonly found in soil but is an emerging, opportunistic, nosocomial human pathogen. The objective of this study was to understand the genome features of a drug-resistant B.

Draft Genome Sequence of Pandrug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa SPA03, Isolated from a Patient with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia.

The draft genome of pandrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain SPA03, which belongs to global high-risk sequence type 357 (ST357) and was isolated from a patient with benign prostatic hyperplasia, is presented in this report. The genome assembly was generated by combining short-read Illumina HiSeq-X Ten and long-read Oxford Nanopore Technologies MinION sequence data using the Unicycler assembler.

Genomic and phylogenetic analysis of a multidrug-resistant Burkholderia contaminans strain isolated from a patient with ocular infection.

Objectives: The genus Burkholderia comprises rod-shaped, non-spore-forming, obligately aerobic Gram-negative bacteria that is found across diverse ecological niches. Burkholderia contaminans, an emerging pathogen associated with cystic fibrosis, is frequently isolated from contaminated medical devices in hospital settings. The aim of this study was to understand the genomic characteristics, antimicrobial resistance profile and virulence determinants of B.

Resistance to nitrofurantoin is an indicator of extensive drug-resistant (XDR) .

Nitrofurantoin is one of the preferred antibiotics in the treatment of uropathogenic multidrug-resistant (MDR) infections. However, resistance to nitrofurantoin in extensively drug-resistant (XDR) bacteria has severely limited the treatment options. Information related to co-resistance or collateral sensitivity (CS) with reference to nitrofurantoin resistant bacteria is limited.

Molecular Analyses of Biofilm-Producing Clinical Acinetobacter baumannii Isolates from a South Indian Tertiary Care Hospital.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine the presence of antimicrobial-resistance (AMR) genes, virulence genes, and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in 14 biofilm-producing clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii.

Materials And Methods: PCR amplification was performed to analyse the prevalence of genes associated with antibiotic resistance (extended-spectrum β-lactamases [ESBLs] and metallo-β-lactamases [MBLs]), virulence factors, MGEs (class 1 integron, Tn1213, and A. baumannii antibiotic resistance [AbaR]), and comM among the study isolates.

Comparative genomic analysis of a naturally competent Elizabethkingia anophelis isolated from an eye infection.

Elizabethkingia anophelis has now emerged as an opportunistic human pathogen. However, its mechanisms of transmission remain unexplained. Comparative genomic (CG) analysis of E.

Detection of Antibiotic Resistance Determinants and Their Transmissibility among Clinically Isolated Carbapenem-Resistant Escherichia coli from South India.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of the CTX-M, TEM, SHV, VIM, NDM, and OXA genes in carbapenemase-producing Escherichia coli and their transmissibility at a tertiary care hospital in south India.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-one carbapenem-resistant E. coli (carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae; CRE) were collected from the Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Medical Sciences (Puttaparthi India).