Cryo-transbronchial lung biopsy in the diagnosis of IgG4-related lung disease.

IgG4-related lung disease is a diagnostic challenge as the presenting patterns can mimic other commonly seen pulmonary diseases like infections, interstitial pneumonia, malignancy, etc. The diagnosis of IgG4-related disease requires a correlation of clinical, radiological, biochemical, and histopathological features. Especially, an adequate tissue sample is necessary to diagnose this disease confidently.

Potential clinical implications of an incidental renomedullary interstitial cell tumor in renal allograft biopsy.

Renomedullary interstitial cell tumors (RMICTs) are often incidentally detected lesions at autopsy or resection of the kidney for other reasons. The RMICTs have not been reported in renal allograft biopsy. Overall, given the clinical implications of the differential diagnosis considered, such as morphologically similar neoplasms, interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IFTA), amyloidosis, and oxalosis, it is prudent to exclude these by an appropriate workup.

Unique characteristics of leukocyte volume, conductivity and scatter in chronic myeloid leukemia.

Background: Modern automated hematology analyzers provide quantitative data on leukocyte size and structure that may be useful to distinguish reactive from neoplastic cellular proliferations. We compared leukocyte volume, conductivity and scatter (VCS) characteristics of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), bcr-abl1-positive patients with those of non-neoplastic neutrophilia.

Materials And Methods: Complete blood counts and VCS data (LH750 hematology analyzers, Beckman Coulter) from 38 newly-diagnosed CML patients, 65 CML on imatinib mesylate therapy, 58 patients with elevated age-specific neutrophil counts due to varied causes, 100 pregnant women and 99 healthy controls were collated and compared.

Clathrin-mediated endocytic uptake of PUFA enriched self-nanoemulsifying lipidic systems (SNELS) of an anticancer drug against triple negative cancer and DMBA induced preclinical tumor model.

The current studies envisage unravelling the underlying cellular internalisation mechanism of the systematically developed docetaxel (DTH) polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) enriched self-nanoemulsifying lipidic micellar systems (SNELS). The concentration-, time- and cytotoxicity-related effects of DTH-SNELS on triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) MDA-MB-231 and non-TNBC MCF-7 cell lines were assessed through Presto-blue assay. Subsequently, rhodamine-123 (Rh-123) loaded SNELS were employed for evaluating their internalisation through flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy, establishing it to be "clathrin-mediated" endocytic pathway.

Improving the biopharmaceutical attributes of mangiferin using vitamin E-TPGS co-loaded self-assembled phosholipidic nano-mixed micellar systems.

The current research work encompasses the development, characterization, and evaluation of self-assembled phospholipidic nano-mixed miceller system (SPNMS) of a poorly soluble BCS Class IV xanthone bioactive, mangiferin (Mgf) functionalized with co-delivery of vitamin E TPGS. Systematic optimization using I-optimal design yielded self-assembled phospholipidic nano-micelles with a particle size of < 60 nm and > 80% of drug release in 15 min. The cytotoxicity and cellular uptake studies performed using MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines demonstrated greater kill and faster cellular uptake.

Gallbladder tuberculosis camouflaging as gallbladder cancer - case series and review focussing on treatment.

Introduction: Gallbladder tuberculosis, in an endemic region, is a common infectious etiology affecting a rare organ. The high prevalence of carcinoma gallbladder in the endemic regions of tuberculosis, like India, poses diagnostic dilemma.

Case Series: We are reporting three cases of gallbladder tuberculosis mimicking carcinoma gallbladder of which the first two cases were operated with a presumptive diagnosis of malignancy.

Primary giant cell tumor of the female breast: a diagnostic red herring with therapeutic implications.

Primary giant cell tumor of the female breast is extremely rare. Major diagnostic difficulty is encountered not only by the surgeon but also by the radiologist and pathologist. Pathologically, it is similar to the bone and soft tissue counterparts.

Pathogenic Sarcina in urine.

Sarcina is a Gram-positive anaerobic coccus that has been consistently reported in the upper gastrointestinal tract biopsies of patients with evidence of gastric stasis. The pathogenic role of Sarcina in humans is not entirely known. We describe an infant who was surgically treated for posterior urethral valve and the urine showed pathogenic Sarcina.

Aspergillus pseudomembranous tracheobronchitis in an immunocompetent individual: A diagnostic conundrum with therapeutic challenge.

Aspergillus tracheobronchitis is an extremely uncommon manifestation of Aspergillus infection. Most of the cases described in the literature are in the immunosuppressed individuals and is almost uniformly fatal. Immunocompetent individuals do manifest the disease, but the disease if diagnosed early can be appropriately treated and thus can be life-saving.

The Diagnostic Dilemma of Neurolymphomatosis.

Neurolymphomatosis (NL) defined as infiltration of the central nervous system or the peripheral nervous system (PNS) by malignant lymphoma cells is a rare clinical entity. However, the increasing use of fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography (FDG-PET) and magnetic resonance imaging in evaluating PNS disorders is resulting in; this condition being recognized more frequently. Here; we report five NL patients and review the current literature.

A rare case of eyelid sarcoidosis presenting as an orbital mass.

Intraorbital sarcoidosis presenting externally as a solitary eyelid mass has been described in the literature as isolated case reports. We describe a rare case of asymptomatic sarcoidosis with orbital mass as the presenting feature in a young woman. The lesion was excised with the clinical possibility of a thrombosed varix.

Lipid-Rich Carcinoma of the Breast With Unusual Clinical and Histopathological Features.

Lipid-rich carcinoma of the breast is a rare form of invasive breast carcinoma of special type. Most cases are grade 3, hormone receptor negative, and associated with aggressive clinical behavior. We report an unusual case of lipid-rich carcinoma with morphological and immunophenotypical features different from those of cases reported so far in the literature.

The significance of Sarcina in routine surgical pathology practice.

Sarcina was first described by Goodsir. The appearance of this bacterium is so characteristic that the diagnosis can be made on light microscopy. Although the original description of Sarcina was made more than 150 years ago, little is known about its role in various human diseases.