Association between timing of maternal energy consumption and adiposity in breastfeeding infants: A prospective cohort study.

Background: Lactating women's food intake timing may play a critical role in maternal and infant nutrition health. We aimed to examine associations of breastfeeding mothers' diet quantity and circadian timing of food intake with subsequent weight status of exclusively breastfed infants over a 6-month period.

Methods: This prospective observational study comprised pairs of healthy singleton breastfed infants and their corresponding healthy lactating mothers.

Evaluation of the nutritional status of children with type 1 diabetes and their healthy siblings.

Background: Although there are studies evaluating the psychological adjustment of healthy children when their siblings have type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), no study evaluating their nutritional status exists. Thus, this study aimed to determine the nutritional status of children with T1DM and their healthy siblings.

Material And Methods: Data from a control group, healthy siblings, and patients who were followed and treated for T1D in the Paediatric Gastroenterology and Paediatric Endocrinology outpatient clinics of the Health Sciences University Gülhane Medical Faculty between November 2019 and November 2020 were analysed and compared.

The Relationship between Daily Fructose Consumption and Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein and Low-Density Lipoprotein Particle Size in Children with Obesity.

Purpose: Obesity has become a very significant health problem in childhood. Fructose taken in an uncontrolled manner and consumed in excessive amounts is rapidly metabolized in the body and gets converted into fatty acids. This single center prospective case-control study aims to investigate the relationship between fructose consumption and obesity and the role of fructose consumption in development of atherosclerotic diseases.

The Relationship between Primary Duodenogastric Reflux and Helicobacter pylori Gastritis in Children.

Background: Most studies of the relationship between duodenogastric reflux (DGR) and Helicobacter pylori have reported that the presence of DGR decreases H. pylori colonization, while H. pylori infection increases the frequency of DGR by impairing antroduodenal motility.

The HLA groups and their relationship with clinical features in Turkish children and adolescents with celiac disease.

Background: We aimed to investigate the relationship between human leukocyte antigens (HLA)-groups and clinical features, and degree of intestinal injury in children with celiac disease (CD).

Methods: Study group included 73 (50 females, 68.5%) children with CD.

Reliability of anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies in children with malnutrition.

Objectives: Serological markers are used in the diagnosis of celiac disease. Among these, the most widely used are tissue transglutaminase antibodies (anti-TG2 antibodies). It has been suggested that the mechanisms that are set in motion by malnutrition cause the tight connections between enterocytes to expand, which allows gluten-derived peptides to pass through the epithelium.

The Effect of Helicobacter pylori on the Presentation and Clinical Course of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection.

Objectives: Novel coronavirus 2019 (corona virus disease 2019 [COVID-19]) binds angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2) receptors to enter the cell. These receptors are widely expressed in the intestine, and COVID-19 may cause gastrointestinal symptoms via these receptors during the course of the disease. Helicobacter pylori is known to increase the expression of ACE-2 receptors in the gastrointestinal tract.

Effect of Gastrostomy Tube Feeding Education on Parents of Children with Gastrostomy.

Background: Success in long-term enteral feeding is, in part, dependent on careful selection of the appropriate enteral access device and placement technique together with proper maintenance and care. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of education on satisfaction with gastrostomy tube feeding, quality of life, caregiver burden, and anxiety.

Methods: A quasi-experimental, pretest and posttest research design without a control group was used.

Efficacy of a novel sequential treatment regimen containing bismuth for Helicobacter pylori eradication in Turkish children.

Background: Eradication rates of Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) with standard triple therapy are gradually decreasing all over the world, including in children, due to the development of strains resistant to antimicrobials. Sequential therapy can be used as an alternative method to increase eradication rates.

Materials And Methods: A total of 75 patients ≥ 8 years of age with H pylori gastritis were included in the study.

Is compliance with gluten-free diet sufficient? Diet composition of celiac patients.

This study was planned to investigate the amount and content of foods consumed by child patients with celiac disease on a long-term gluten-free diet. Children aged 3-18 years who were diagnosed with celiac disease according to ESPGHAN criteria and were compliant to the gluten-free diet for at least one year were included. Age and gender matched healthy children were included as the control group.

Holotranscobalamin Levels in Children with Helicobacter pylori Infection.

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between vitamin B12 levels and Helicobacter Pylori infection and to examine the clinical usefulness of holotranscobalamin (holoTC) measurement in children.

Materials And Methods: Thirty patients between 6 and 15 years of age, who were diagnosed as H. pylori infected by C(14) urea breath test, and 26 controls were enrolled in the study.

Ornidazole-based sequential therapy is not effective in Helicobacter pylori eradication in children.

Background/aims: Sequential therapy is one of the recent answers given to the problem of increasing antibiotic resistance and decreasing eradication rates of Helicobacter pylori infection. The aim of this study is to compare the ornidazole-based sequentialtherapy with the standard triple therapy in Helicobacter pylori eradication.

Materials And Methods: Children aged 4-18 years diagnosed with Helicobacter pylori infection based on histology and at least one of 13 C urea breath test and rapid urease test positivity were included in the study.

Fecal calprotectin concentration is increased in children with celiac disease: relation with histopathological findings.

Background/aims: The aim of this study was to compare the fecal calprotectin concentration in children with newly diagnosed celiac disease, children with celiac disease strictly adhering to a gluten-free diet and healthy controls. We also tried to correlate the fecal calprotectin concentration with the clinical presentation, degree of neutrophilic infiltration and the severity of histopathological injury (Marsh grade) in the small bowel mucosa.

Material And Methods: The study included three groups: children with untreated celiac disease, children with treated celiac disease, and healthy controls.

Evaluation of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant system in healthy iron-replete infants receiving iron prophylaxis.

Objective: Iron supplementation is commonly recommended for infants; however, there are some reports that it causes oxidative damage. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential effects of iron supplementation at 4 mo of age, for a period of 2 mo, on lipid peroxidation and free radical scavenging enzymes.

Methods: Twenty-seven healthy 4-mo-old infants chosen randomly and given iron supplementation (ferrous sulfate, 10 mg of elemental iron per day) constituted the study group and 26 healthy 4-mo-old infants who were chosen randomly and not given iron supplementation constituted the control group.

Evaluation of lansoprazole as a probe for assessing cytochrome P450 2C19 activity and genotype-phenotype correlation in childhood.

Purpose: Lansoprazole, a cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19) substrate, has been widely used in children to manage acid-related diseases. CYP2C19 exhibits marked genetic polymorphisms, and distribution of these polymorphisms varies among different ethnic groups. There is limited data regarding the use of probe drugs for determining CYP2C19 activity in children.

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia and giant cell hepatitis: Report of three infants.

Giant cell hepatitis associated with direct Coombs' test-positive hemolytic anemia is a rare condition of childhood and the pathogenesis remains unclear. An autoimmune activation and loss of self-tolerance in these patients may be the underlying pathology related to the response of some of the patients to immunosuppressive treatment. Herein, we report the clinical presentation and course of three consecutive patients with this rare condition.