Zebrafish: A Model to Study and Understand the Diabetic Nephropathy and Other Microvascular Complications of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complicated metabolic illness that has had a worldwide impact and placed an unsustainable load on both developed and developing countries' health care systems. According to the International Diabetes Federation, roughly 537 million individuals had diabetes in 2021, with type 2 diabetes mellitus accounting for the majority of cases (T2DM). T2DM is a chronic illness defined by insufficient insulin production from pancreatic islet cells.

Deep sequencing unveils altered cardiac miRNome in congenital heart disease.

Congenital heart disease (CHD) surges from fetal cardiac dysmorphogenesis and chiefly contributes to perinatal morbidity and cardiovascular disease mortality. A continual rise in prevalence and prerequisite postoperative disease management creates need for better understanding and new strategies to control the disease. The interaction between genetic and non-genetic factors roots the multifactorial status of this disease, which remains incompletely explored.

Isopimpinellin extends antiangiogenic effect through overexpression of miR-15b-5p and downregulating angiogenic stimulators.

Background: Angiogenesis is the formation of new blood vessels from an existing vasculature through a series of processes such as activation, proliferation, and directed migration of endothelial cells. Angiogenesis is instrumental in the metastatic spread of tumors. Isopimpinellin, a furanocoumarin group of phytochemicals, is an anticarcinogenic agent.

Cellular alterations and damage to the renal tissue of marine catfish Arius arius following Cd exposure and the possible sequestrant role of Metallothionein.

Cd is a non-degradable heavy metal pollutant with no known biological role. When taken up by living organisms from the environment, it causes extensive tissue damage. Here, we studied the effects of exposure to 20 mg/LCdClfor 0, 24, 48, and 72 h on the renal tissue of marine catfish Arius arius.

Hesperidin downregulates kinases lrrk2 and gsk3β in a 6-OHDA induced Parkinson's disease model.

The depletion of dopamine in the striatum region and Lewy bodies are the hallmark characteristics of Parkinson's disease. The pathology also includes the upregulation of various Parkinson's disease (PARK) genes and kinases. Two such kinases, LRRK2 and GSK-3β have been directly implicated in the formation of tau and alpha-synuclein proteins, causing PD.

Naringenin alleviates 6-hydroxydopamine induced Parkinsonism in SHSY5Y cells and zebrafish model.

6-Hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) is a neurotoxin that inhibits the mitochondrial complex I causing mitochondrial impairment, aetiology of Parkinson's. Naringenin is a flavanone predominantly present in citrus fruits. Due to its high antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential, it has been widely studied against various disorders.

Neuro-protective effects of nano-formulated hesperetin in a traumatic brain injury model of .

Understanding the mechanism behind neuronal regeneration is critical for treating ischemic stroke and traumatic brain injury. The presence of neural stem cells in and around the sub-ventricular zone of human and also in zebrafish is evidenced. In this current study, the neuro-protective potential of nano-formulated hesperetin on injury-induced neurogenesis in zebrafish was assessed.

A marine sponge associated fungal metabolite monacolin X suppresses angiogenesis by down regulating VEGFR2 signaling.

Cancer is one of the leading causes of global death and there is an urgent need for the development of cancer treatment; targeting VEGFR2 could be one of the promising therapies. In the present study, previously isolated marine fungal metabolite monacolin X, suppresses angiogenic characteristics such as proliferation, migration, adhesion, invasion and tube formation of HUVECs when stimulated by VEGF, at a non-toxic concentration. Monacolin X downregulated VEGFR2, PKCα and PKCη mRNA expression.

Novel gas producing : a case report of gastroenteritis with acute kidney injury.

Background: Bacterial characterization is important in clinical and epidemiological studies. We herein report the first case of gas-producing gastroenteritis with acute kidney injury.

Case Presentation: A 30-year-old female presented to the emergency department with complaints of about ten episodes of watery diarrhea, four episodes of vomiting and elevated serum urea/creatinine levels.

Canonical Wnt pathway gene expression and their clinical correlation in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Aim: The aim of this study is to explore the prognostic significance and clinicopathological correlations of the Wnt pathway genes in a cohort of surgically treated patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients.

Settings And Design: A prospective genetic study on patients with OSCC was carried out during the period from July 2014 to January 2016. Informed consent from patients and institutional ethical approval for the study was obtained and the guidelines were strictly followed for collection of samples.

Chitosan-based nano-formulation enhances the anticancer efficacy of hesperetin.

Cancer is one of the major causes of increased morbidity and mortality in modern society. Colorectal cancer is the third leading cause for cancer related death worldwide. Current chemotherapeutics are not very effective and have severe side effects.

Association between specific periodontal pathogens, Toll-like receptor-4, and nuclear factor-κB expression in placental tissues of pre-eclamptic women with periodontitis.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to determine the association between the presence of specific periodontal pathogens, Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4), and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) expression in the placental tissues of pre-eclamptic women.

Methods: Antenatal periodontal screening was performed in 25 normotensive pregnant women and 25 pre-eclamptic women. Subgingival plaque and placental tissue samples were collected from both groups and screened for the presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.

Evidence Linking the Role of Placental Expressions of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-γ and Nuclear Factor-Kappa B in the Pathogenesis of Preeclampsia Associated With Periodontitis.

Background: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ activation leads to suppression of production of a broad range of proinflammatory molecules. It plays a role in differentiation of trophoblasts and helps in normal placentation and formation of vascular exchange interface. Activation of nuclear factor-kappa (NF-κ) B triggers proinflammatory molecules inducing abnormal placentation and premature labor.

Molecular mechanism underlying hesperetin-induced apoptosis by in silico analysis and in prostate cancer PC-3 cells.

Aim: To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying triggering of apoptosis by hesperetin using in silico and in vitro methods.

Methods: The mechanism of binding of hesperetin with NF-?B and other apoptotic proteins like BAX, BAD, BCL2 and BCLXL was analysed in silico using Schrodinger suite 2009. In vitro studies were also carried out to evaluate the potency of hesperetin in inducing apoptosis using the human prostate cancer PC-3 cell line.

Impact of occupational health hazards on serum markers of bone formation in spray painters of Chennai region in Tamil Nadu.

Context: The association between spray paint exposure and bone remodeling received little attention despite the high usage of spray paints in automobile industries, steel furniture workshops etc.

Aim: The present study was aimed at investigating the level of serum markers of bone formation in spray painters. The spray painting subjects were selected from automobile body repair workshops in Chennai region of TamilNadu which constitutes 30% of India's automobile industry.

Anti-cancer effects of thymoquinone in mouse neuroblastoma (Neuro-2a) cells through caspase-3 activation with down-regulation of XIAP.

Thymoquinone (TQ) is a bioactive component derived from the medicinal plant Nigella sativa. Recent studies reported that TQ exhibited cytotoxic effects in several cancer cell lines. Currently, no information in the literature is found concerning its mechanisms and cytotoxicity on neuroblastoma cells.

Myocilin mutations among POAG patients from two populations of Tamil Nadu, South India, a comparative analysis.

Purpose: Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) is the most common type of glaucoma. Among the POAG genes identified so far, myocilin (MYOC) is the most frequently mutated gene in POAG patients worldwide. The MYOC Gln48His mutation is unique among Indian POAG patients.

Myocilin mutations among primary open angle glaucoma patients of Kanyakumari district, South India.

Purpose: Glaucoma can be defined as optic neuropathy leading to irreversible blindness if not treated in time. Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) is the most common form of glaucoma. The myocilin (MYOC) gene has been found to mutate in both sporadic and familial cases of POAG worldwide.