Successful management of persistent tachycardia using esmolol in 2 dogs with septic shock.

Objective: To describe the successful management of 2 dogs with septic shock and persistent tachycardia using norepinephrine and esmolol, a short-acting beta receptor antagonist.

Series Summary: Two cases are reviewed. In the first case, septic shock with ventricular tachycardia was diagnosed in a 4-year-old neutered female Great Dane that underwent jejunoileal resection and anastomosis for a partial mesenteric torsion.

Clinical use of cryopoor plasma continuous rate infusion in critically ill, hypoalbuminemic dogs.

Objective: To investigate the impact of cryopoor plasma (CPP) continuous rate infusion (CRI) on albumin concentration and colloid osmotic pressure (COP) in critically ill dogs with hypoalbuminemia.

Design: Retrospective study between 2013 and 2015 with a 90-day follow-up on survivors.

Setting: University teaching hospital.

Novel gas producing : a case report of gastroenteritis with acute kidney injury.

Background: Bacterial characterization is important in clinical and epidemiological studies. We herein report the first case of gas-producing gastroenteritis with acute kidney injury.

Case Presentation: A 30-year-old female presented to the emergency department with complaints of about ten episodes of watery diarrhea, four episodes of vomiting and elevated serum urea/creatinine levels.

The Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act 2016: Mental Health Implications.

India's ratification of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD) necessitated the need for a rights-based, biopsychosocial model of disability, which was endorsed in the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (RPwD) Act, 2016. This article examines the Act, its rules, and guidelines provided by the Government of India, from a mental health perspective, and compares it to its predecessor, the Persons with Disabilities (PwD) Act, 1995. The RPwD Act provides clearer definitions of various constructs, a greater focus on rights of PwD, and guidelines for assessment and certification of disabilities.

Evaluating the Safety of Active Surveillance: Outcomes of Deferred Radical Prostatectomy after an Initial Period of Surveillance.

Purpose: As enrollment in active surveillance expands, it is increasingly important to assess the potential risks of deferred treatment. We evaluated the risk of prostate specific antigen recurrence in a large cohort of men who underwent radical prostatectomy after initial active surveillance.

Materials And Methods: The study included men who underwent radical prostatectomy after a period of active surveillance.

Cabozantinib in advanced non-clear-cell renal cell carcinoma: a multicentre, retrospective, cohort study.

Background: Cabozantinib is approved for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma on the basis of studies done in clear-cell histology. The activity of cabozantinib in patients with non-clear-cell renal cell carcinoma is poorly characterised. We sought to analyse the antitumour activity and toxicity of cabozantinib in advanced non-clear-cell renal cell carcinoma.

Determinants of Guideline-Based Treatment in Patients With cT1 Bladder Cancer.

Introduction: Clinical T1 (cT1) bladder cancer is associated with high rates of recurrence, upstaging, and progression. Guidelines recommend that these patients be treated with adjuvant intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin immunotherapy (BCG) or upfront radical cystectomy (RC). We analyzed the National Cancer Database (NCDB) to identify demographic and clinical determinants of guideline-based treatment (GBT) and RC.

Comparison of Various Severity Assessment Scoring Systems in Patients with Sepsis in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital.

Background: Sepsis is a complex condition defined by the systemic response to infection. Severity assessment scoring systems are used to aid the physician in deciding whether aggressive treatment is needed or not. In this study, various severity assessment scoring systems, namely Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II), Rapid Emergency Medicine Score (REMS), Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA), Multiple Organ Dysfunction Score (MODS), Predisposition, Infection, Response, and Organ Dysfunction (PIRO), and Mortality in Emergency Department Sepsis (MEDS), were compared to assess their sensitivity and specificity.

Evidence for perturbed metabolic patterns in bipolar disorder subjects associated with lithium responsiveness.

Bipolar disorder (BD) is multifactorial mood disorder characterized by alternating episodes of hyperactive mania and severe depression. Lithium is one of the most preferred drug used as mood stabilizer in treating BD. In this study, we examined the changes in plasma metabolome in BD subjects in the context of lithium responsiveness.

Hepatocyte-specific suppression of microRNA-221-3p mitigates liver fibrosis.

Background & Aims: Fibrosis, a cardinal feature of a dysfunctional liver, significantly contributes to the ever-increasing mortality due to end-stage chronic liver diseases. The crosstalk between hepatocytes and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) plays a key role in the progression of fibrosis. Although ample efforts have been devoted to elucidate the functions of HSCs during liver fibrosis, the regulatory functions of hepatocytes remain elusive.

Angiotensinogen and Megalin Interactions Contribute to Atherosclerosis-Brief Report.

Objective- AGT (Angiotensinogen) is the unique precursor of the renin-angiotensin system that is sequentially cleaved by renin and ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) to produce Ang II (angiotensin II). In this study, we determined how these renin-angiotensin components interact with megalin in kidney to promote atherosclerosis. Approach and Results- AGT, renin, ACE, and megalin were present in the renal proximal convoluted tubules of wild-type mice.

NTA-Co-His versus NTA-Ni-His mediated E-Cadherin surface immobilization enhances cellular traction.

Understanding the biological impact of strategies for protein immobilization onto bioactive surfaces is crucial for the design of biomimetic materials. A common strategy used to immobilize or label recombinant proteins is to exploit the Ni-mediated interaction of nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) with the hexahistidine tag (His-tag) present on recombinant proteins. While this method ensures a controlled orientation and functionality of the protein, the kinetically labile nature of the bond ensures only its weak immobilization onto the surface.

Gasdermin D Promotes AIM2 Inflammasome Activation and Is Required for Host Protection against .

The DNA sensor absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) forms an inflammasome complex with ASC and caspase-1 in response to subspecies infection, leading to maturation of IL-1β and IL-18 and pyroptosis. AIM2 is critical for host protection against infection in vivo; however, the role of pyroptosis downstream of the AIM2 inflammasome is unknown. Recent studies have identified gasdermin D (GSDMD) as the molecule executing pyroptosis by forming pores on the plasma membrane following activation by inflammatory caspase-1 and -11.

An Analysis of Lung Cancer Screening Beliefs and Practice Patterns for Community Providers Compared to Academic Providers.

Despite guidelines recommending annual low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening for lung cancer, uptake remains low due to the perceived complexity of initiating and maintaining a clinical program-problems that likely magnify in underserved populations. We conducted a survey of community providers at Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) in Santa Clara County, California, to evaluate provider-related factors that affect adherence. We then compared these findings to academic providers' (APs) LDCT screening knowledge, behaviors, and attitudes at an academic referral center in the same county.

and have overlapping and distinct functions in telencephalic development.

The gene family has three members; , which is a tumor suppressor gene, and and , which are proto-oncogenes. All three genes are known to be expressed in embryonic neural progenitors, and regulates proliferation, neuronal differentiation and migration in the developing neocortex. Here we examined the functions of and in neocortical development.

Minority Recruitment Trends in Phase III Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials (2003 to 2014): Progress and Critical Areas for Improvement.

Purpose: American minority groups have been historically underrepresented in phase III prostate cancer clinical trials despite often having higher risk disease. We analyzed enrollment trends of major racial/ethnic groups in the United States in phase III prostate cancer trials between 2003 and 2014 compared to SEER (Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results) incidence data.

Materials And Methods: Phase III prostate cancer trials primarily enrolling patients from the United States were identified in the ClinicalTrials.

A non-canonical role for the proneural gene as a negative regulator of neocortical neurogenesis.

Neural progenitors undergo temporal identity transitions to sequentially generate the neuronal and glial cells that make up the mature brain. Proneural genes have well-characterised roles in promoting neural cell differentiation and subtype specification, but they also regulate the timing of identity transitions through poorly understood mechanisms. Here, we investigated how the highly related proneural genes and interact to control the timing of neocortical neurogenesis.

Surgical Management of Post-Esophagectomy Tracheo-Bronchial-Esophageal Fistula.

Background: Post-esophagectomy tracheo-bronchial-esophageal fistula (PETEF) most often develops after anastomotic disruption or gastric conduit necrosis. Ideal surgical management and outcomes for this complication are uncertain.

Methods: A retrospective review of 11 patients undergoing surgical repair of PETEF was performed.

Endogenous co-expression of two T cell receptors promotes lymphopenia-induced proliferation via increased affinity for self-antigen.

Approximately 10% of peripheral T cells express 2 functional TCR αβ heterodimers. Receptor co-expression changes the repertoire of TCRs produced during thymic development, enabling generation of T cells bearing TCRs not capable of mediating positive selection or that would normally be negatively selected. The effect of receptor co-expression on the composition and functionality of the peripheral TCR repertoire is not well defined, though evidence demonstrates dual TCR cells pose an increased risk for unwanted immune responses such as autoimmunity and alloreactivity.

The Efficacy and Safety of Rivaroxaban and Dalteparin in the Treatment of Cancer Associated Venous Thrombosis.

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a complication of malignancy that is associated with significant mortality. The CLOT trial showed superiority of dalteparin in comparison to warfarin in preventing VTE recurrence. Rivaroxaban has been approved for treatment of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE).

Guanylate binding proteins facilitate caspase-11-dependent pyroptosis in response to type 3 secretion system-negative .

Detection of bacterial ligands is a pre-requisite for inflammasome activation. During infection, flagellin which is secreted through the T3SS is detected by the NLRC4 inflammasome. Activation of the NLRC4 inflammasome is believed to contribute to high IL-1β production and pathogenicity in cystic fibrosis patients with chronic infection.

Ultraviolet Inactivation of Chikungunya Virus.

Objective: Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a rapidly emerging arbovirus causing millions of infections in more than 40 countries. CHIKV is typically a biosafety level 3 pathogen in many countries and handling of CHIKV requires a high standard of laboratory safety settings. Many studies require the whole virus to be handled in a biosafety level 2 setting.

Feasibility of a Smartphone-based pilot intervention for Hispanic breast cancer survivors: a brief report.

Hispanic breast cancer survivors (BCS) are at high risk for experiencing poor health-related quality of life (HRQoL) after completion of active breast cancer treatment. Therefore, there is a need to develop culturally tailored interventions for Hispanic BCS. To date, there have been limited interventions that have demonstrated that increasing cancer-related knowledge, self-efficacy in communication, and self-management skills can improve HRQoL among Hispanic BCS.

Interleukin-6 determines protein stabilization of DNA methyltransferases and alters DNA promoter methylation of genes associated with insulin signaling and angiogenesis.

Individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) display vascular insulin resistance and decreased nitric oxide production leading to vasoconstriction and atherosclerosis. Soluble factors such as pro-inflammatory molecules, and various genetic and epigenetic mechanisms have been implicated to induce insulin resistance in vascular endothelial cells. Epigenetic mechanisms such as altered promoter DNA methylation have been demonstrated in development and progression of metabolic disorders and atherosclerosis.