Caregiver-centric interventions for family carers of children with neurodevelopmental disorders in India - A scoping review.

Caregiving for children with neurodevelopment disorders (NDDs) can be a lifelong process that takes hold of an individual's time, energy, and resources. This raises a question about the caregivers' needs and concerns and the extent to which they receive medical or psychological attention during caregiving. This scoping review examines the psychosocial interventions conducted in India for caregivers of children with NDDs.

Invasive Fungal Laryngotracheitis Causing Laryngotracheal Separation.

Fungal laryngotracheitis (FLT) is rare, and the diagnosis can be challenging, as its presentation lacks specificity and may resemble other conditions such as granulomatous disease, gastroesophageal reflux, or malignancy. FLT can be very invasive, causing complete laryngotracheal separation, leading to a non-functioning larynx. We report a 39-year-old Indian woman with diabetes who presented to the emergency department with a sore throat, hoarseness, dysphagia, and stridor for two days.

Halophilic Phosphate-Solubilizing Microbes (Priestia megaterium and Bacillus velezensis) Isolated from Arabian Sea Seamount Sediments for Plant Growth Promotion.

Arabian Sea is a highly productive Ocean owing to deep upwelling with reports on phosphorus cycling in ocean sediments. In this study, microbes from sea mounts of the Arabian Sea at varying depths (400 m, 900 m) were screened to isolate and characterize phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) with plant growth-promoting properties. Out of the seven morphologically different PSBs, two bacterial strains with maximum phosphate solubilization index were identified as Priestia megaterium (H1) and Bacillus velezensis (H2) based on biochemical and molecular characteristics.

A three-dimensional valve-on-chip microphysiological system implicates cell cycle progression, cholesterol metabolism and protein homeostasis in early calcific aortic valve disease progression.

Background: Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is one of the most common forms of valvulopathy, with a 50 % elevated risk of a fatal cardiovascular event, and greater than 15,000 annual deaths in North America alone. The treatment standard is valve replacement as early diagnostic, mitigation, and drug strategies remain underdeveloped. The development of early diagnostic and therapeutic strategies requires the fabrication of effective in vitro valve mimetic models to elucidate early CAVD mechanisms.

A nasal airway-on-chip model to evaluate airflow pre-conditioning during epithelial cell maturation at the air-liquid interface.

The function of a well-differentiated nasal epithelium is largely affected by airflow-induced wall shear stress, yet fewmodels recapitulate this dynamic condition. Models which do expose cells to airflow exclusively initiate flow after the differentiation process has occurred., basal cells are constantly replenishing the epithelium under airflow conditions, indicating that airflow may affect the development and function of the differentiated epithelium.

Expressed Emotion in Families of Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Mixed-Method Approach.

Background: Family interaction plays a pivotal role in the overall well-being of each member of a family unit. It is foreseeable that a family caring for an individual with a mental or physical health condition could experience negative family interactions for various reasons. Expressed emotion refers to the family environment based on the relatives' interaction with the individual diagnosed with a specific illness.

The impact of COVID-19 on health care accessibility and financial risk protection in Sri Lanka.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted the global economy, disrupted essential health services, and distorted social determinants of health, reducing healthcare accessibility and increasing financial risk.

Aim: we aimed to assess the impact of COVID-19 on healthcare accessibility and financial risk protection in Sri Lanka.

Methodology: We conducted a cross-sectional study on a representative sample (multi-stage sampling process) of 3151 households in 105 clusters representing all the districts of Sri Lanka.

Role of microbial electrosynthesis system in CO capture and conversion: a recent advancement toward cathode development.

Microbial electrosynthesis (MES) is an emerging electrochemical technology currently being researched as a CO sequestration method to address climate change. MES can convert CO from pollution or waste materials into various carbon compounds with low energy requirements using electrogenic microbes as biocatalysts. However, the critical component in this technology, the cathode, still needs to perform more effectively than other conventional CO reduction methods because of poor selectivity, complex metabolism pathways of microbes, and high material cost.

Environmental and human facets of the waterweed proliferation in a Vast Tropical Ramsar Wetland-Vembanad Lake System.

The Vembanad Lake and its associated low-lying areas and network of canals (hereafter VBL) form the major part of India's second-largest Ramsar wetland (1512 km) located in Kerala State along India's southwest coast. The extensive VBL has a large fishery, inland waterways, and popular tourist attractions that support the livelihoods of thousands of people. Over the last several decades, the proliferation of water weeds in the VBL has alarmingly increased, causing many adverse ecological and socioeconomic effects.

Identification of Potential Biomarkers and Small Molecule Drugs for Bisphosphonate-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (BRONJ): An Integrated Bioinformatics Study Using Big Data.

This study aimed to identify potential molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets for bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ), a rare but serious side effect of bisphosphonate therapy. This study analyzed a microarray dataset (GSE7116) of multiple myeloma patients with BRONJ = 11) and controls ( = 10), and performed gene ontology, a pathway enrichment analysis, and a protein-protein interaction network analysis. A total of 1481 differentially expressed genes were identified, including 381 upregulated and 1100 downregulated genes, with enriched functions and pathways related to apoptosis, RNA splicing, signaling pathways, and lipid metabolism.

Left main stem stenosis angioplasty with intravascular ultrasound optimisation criteria guidance using a new generation everolimus drug-eluting stent.

Introduction: Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) is recommended in the use of left main stem (LMS) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Since the LMS diameter is usually larger than other coronary arteries, a new generation everolimus drug-eluting stent (DES), Synergy Megatron DES (Boston Scientific) has better axial and radial strength allowing more post implant overexpansion and consequently better suited for LMS lesions. We performed a study to evaluate the clinical outcomes of PCI using 1) an improved IVUS protocol with optimisation targets and 2) the use of Megatron stents.

Predicting Key Genes and Therapeutic Molecular Modelling to Explain the Association between () and Alzheimer's Disease (AD).

The association between () and Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains unclear. The major aim of this study was to elucidate the role of genes and molecular targets in -associated AD. Two Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets, GSE5281 for AD (n = 84 Alzheimer's, n = 74 control) and GSE9723 (n = 4 , n = 4 control), were downloaded from the GEO database.

Microbial community structure and exploration of bioremediation enzymes: functional metagenomics insight into Arabian Sea sediments.

Deep-sea sediments provide important information on oceanic biogeochemical processes mediated by the microbiome and their functional roles which could be unravelled using genomic tools. The present study aimed to delineate microbial taxonomic and functional profiles from Arabian Sea sediment samples through whole metagenome sequencing using Nanopore technology. Arabian Sea is considered as a major microbial reservoir with significant bio-prospecting potential which needs to be explored extensively using recent advances in genomics.

Intravascular imaging-guided treatment of severe coronary artery calcification with orbital atherectomy: A prospective single-centre registry.

Introduction: Coronary artery calcification can lead to suboptimal results when performing coronary angioplasty with conventional techniques. The presence of severe coronary artery calcium increases the complications of percutaneous coronary intervention as it may impede stent delivery and optimal stent expansion. The purpose of this study was to determine the procedural success and safety of orbital atherectomy (OA) in calcified lesions.

Stationary distribution and global stability of stochastic predator-prey model with disease in prey population.

In this paper, a new stochastic four-species predator-prey model with disease in the first prey is proposed and studied. First, we present the stochastic model with some biological assumptions and establish the existence of globally positive solutions. Moreover, a condition for species to be permanent and extinction is provided.

Predictors of Early Neurological Deterioration Following Intravenous Thrombolysis: Difference between Risk Factors for Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Worsening.

Background: Prevention of early neurological deterioration (END) is becoming an important therapeutic target in acute ischemic stroke management. The aim of the study is to ascertain the causes and predictors of early neurological deterioration following thrombolysis and determine the predictive value of IScore.

Methods: In this single center prospective study, we analyzed clinical, imaging and outcome data in 168 patients thrombolyzed intravenously ≤4.

Genome engineering for estrogen receptor mutations reveals differential responses to anti-estrogens and new prognostic gene signatures for breast cancer.

Mutations in the estrogen receptor (ESR1) gene are common in ER-positive breast cancer patients who progress on endocrine therapies. Most mutations localise to just three residues at, or near, the C-terminal helix 12 of the hormone binding domain, at leucine-536, tyrosine-537 and aspartate-538. To investigate these mutations, we have used CRISPR-Cas9 mediated genome engineering to generate a comprehensive set of isogenic mutant breast cancer cell lines.

Input-export fluxes of heavy metals in the Cochin estuary, southwest coast of India.

Cochin estuary (CE) is one of the largest tropical estuaries along the southwest coast of India, sustaining rich bio-resources. Several studies enlighten the environmental changes in the CE caused by anthropogenic activities. In the present study, an attempt has been made to quantify the heavy metal (dissolved and particulate) fluxes brought by the six rivers into the CE with their exchange into the coastal ocean through the major inlet at Cochin during a steady flow period (October-November 2015).

Functional Analysis of the Cortical Transcriptome and Proteome Reveal Neurogenesis, Inflammation, and Cell Death after Repeated Traumatic Brain Injury .

The pathological effects of repeated traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are largely unknown. To gain a detailed understanding of the cortical tissue acute biological response after one or two TBIs, we utilized RNA-sequencing and protein mass spectrometry techniques. Using our previously validated C57Bl/6 weight-drop model, we administered one or two TBIs of a mild or moderate severity.

Treatment of severe coronary artery calcification with intravascular lithotripsy: Initial experience of a prospective single centre registry.

Introduction: Coronary artery calcification can lead to suboptimal results when performing coronary angioplasty with conventional techniques. Shockwave intravascular lithotripsy (IVL) has recently been introduced as a new modality to treat heavily calcified coronary arteries. The purpose of this study was to determine the procedural success and safety of IVL in calcified lesions.