Sudden death and its predictors in myocardial infarction survivors in an Indian population.

Objective: This study was conducted to assess the incidence of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in post myocardial infarction patients and to determine the predictive value of various risk markers in identifying cardiac mortality and SCD.

Methods: Left ventricular function, arrhythmias on Holter and microvolt T wave alternans (MTWA) were assessed in patients with prior myocardial infarction and ejection fraction ≤ 40%. The primary outcome was a composite of cardiac death and resuscitated cardiac arrest during follow up.

Procedural and follow-up clinical outcomes after chronic total occlusion revascularization: Data from an Indian public hospital.

Background: Chronic total occlusion (CTO) continues to be challenging lesion subset for percutaneous intervention. Last decade has seen tremendous increase in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in this subset owing to improved understanding of the anatomy and enhanced skillset with availability of dedicated hardware. We sought to study the outcomes of CTO PCI in an Indian public hospital.

Low power ablation for left coronary cusp ventricular tachycardia-Efficacy and long-term outcome.

Background: The left coronary cusp is an uncommon but well-known site for the ablation of idiopathic ventricular tachycardia (VT). Proximity to the left coronary ostium makes ablation of this arrhythmia challenging. Different power settings have been described by various operators.

Contribution of insulin resistance to decreased baroreceptor sensitivity & cardiometabolic risks in pre-obesity & obesity.

Background & Objectives: Although insulin resistance (IR) is a known complication in obesity, the physiological mechanisms linking IR with cardiometabolic risks in obesity have not been well studied. This study was conducted to assess the difference in cardiovascular (CV) risk profile in IR and non-IR (NIR) conditions, and contribution of IR to cardiometabolic risks in pre-obese and obese individuals.

Methods: Basal CV, blood pressure variability, autonomic function test and cardiometabolic parameters were recorded in pre-obese (n=86) and obese (n=77) individuals during 2012 and 2015.

Effects of conscious sedation on tachycardia inducibility and patient comfort during ablation of supraventricular tachycardia: a double blind randomized controlled study.

Aims: Sedation is not consistently used during electrophysiology procedures because of concerns regarding effects on tachycardia inducibility. We designed this study to assess the effect of conscious sedation on tachycardia inducibility and patient comfort during supraventricular tachycardia ablation.

Methods And Results: Patients with narrow QRS tachycardia and no pre-excitation undergoing an electrophysiology study were randomly assigned to sedation or placebo group.

Long-term outcomes following left main bifurcation stenting in Indian population-Analysis based on SYNTAX I and II scores.

Background: Syntax 1 and recently Syntax 2 (SS2) scores are validated risk prediction models in coronary disease.

Objectives: To find out the long term outcomes following stenting for unprotected left main bifurcation disease (LMD) and to validate and compare the performance of the SYNTAX scores 1 and 2 (SS1 and SS2 PCI) for predicting major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in Indian population.

Methods: Single-center, retrospective, observational study involving patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with at least one stent implanted for the LMD.

Perception of Patient Safety Culture among Health-care Providers in a Tertiary Care Hospital, South India.

Introduction: Patient safety is a global concern and is the most important domains of health-care quality. Medical error is a major patient safety concern, causing increase in health-care cost due to mortality, morbidity, or prolonged hospital stay.

Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the perceptions on patient safety culture among health-care providers (HCPs) at a public sector tertiary care hospital in South India.

Effect of 12 Weeks of Yoga Therapy on Quality of Life and Indian Diabetes Risk Score in Normotensive Indian Young Adult Prediabetics and Diabetics: Randomized Control Trial.

Introduction: India has become the epicentre for diabetes, a stress-related disorder affecting the working skills and day-to-day lifestyle management of younger population. Most of the studies have reported the effect of yoga on improving Quality of Life (QoL) in diabetic patients with other comorbidities. Till date, no randomized control trial reports are available to show the effect of yoga therapy on QoL and Indian Diabetes Risk Score (IDRS) in normotensive prediabetic and diabetic young individuals.

Reuse of pacemakers, defibrillators and cardiac resynchronisation devices.

Objective: Access to pacemakers remains poor among many patients in low/middle-income countries. Reuse of explanted pacemakers is a possible solution, but is still not widespread because of concerns regarding outcomes, especially infection. Our objective was to study early outcomes with implants using reused devices and compare them with those with implants using new devices.

Radiofrequency ablation of posteroseptal accessory pathways associated with coronary sinus diverticula.

Purpose: Posteroseptal accessory pathways may be associated with a coronary sinus (CS) diverticulum. Our purpose was to describe the clinical characteristics, mapping and ablation of these pathways.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of all patients who underwent ablation of posteroseptal accessory pathways in a single centre.

Pattern of Adverse Drug Reactions Reported with Cardiovascular Drugs in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are one of the leading causes of non-communicable disease related deaths globally. Patients with cardiovascular diseases are often prescribed multiple drugs and have higher risk for developing more adverse drug reactions due to polypharmacy.

Aim: To evaluate the pattern of adverse drug reactions reported with cardiovascular drugs in an adverse drug reaction monitoring centre (AMC) of a tertiary care hospital.

Pace mapping in the atrium using bipolar electrograms from widely spaced electrodes.

Background: Pace mapping is a useful tool but is of limited utility for the atrium because of poor spatial resolution. We investigated the use of bipolar electrograms recorded from widely spaced electrodes in order to improve the resolution of pace mapping.

Methods: This prospective study included patients undergoing a clinical electrophysiology study.

Attenuated baroreflex sensitivity in normotensive prediabetes and diabetes in Indian adults.

Purpose/aim Of The Study: Though attenuated baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) is known to promote cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in diabetics, its status in prediabetes has not been reported. Also, the link of BRS to CVD risk in normotensive diabetics has not been reported. This study aimed to evaluate the association of BRS to CVD risk in normotensive prediabetics and diabetics.

Decreased baroreflex sensitivity is linked to sympathovagal imbalance, body fat mass and altered cardiometabolic profile in pre-obesity and obesity.

Objective: Though decreased baroreflex sensitivity (BRS), the predictor of cardiac morbidities and mortality has been reported in obesity, the mechanisms and metabolic biomarkers influencing BRS have not been studied. We aimed to assess the difference in cardiovascular (CV) risk profile in pre-obesity and obesity, and the contribution of body composition and cardiometabolic factors to CV risks in these two conditions.

Methods: Obesity indices, body composition, blood pressure variability and autonomic function test parameters were recorded in 223 subjects divided into controls (n=72), pre-obese (n=77) and obese (n=74) groups.

Cardiac syndrome X: Clinical characteristics revisited.

Background: Cardiac syndrome X includes a heterogenous group of patients with angina but normal epicardial coronaries in angiography.

Objective: Our objective was to study the clinical characteristics of patients with cardiac syndrome X.

Methods: Data of patients who underwent coronary angiography over a period of one year was retrospectively analyzed.

Safety and outcomes of day care based coronary angioplasty--First report from India.

Background: The concept of day care based coronary angioplasty might be frugal especially in countries like India where epidemic of coronary disease is enduring and healthcare delivery systems are limited. Published literature addressing the feasibility and safety of day care percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) is lacking from our country.

Objectives: To study the safety and outcomes in stable cardiac patients undergoing day care coronary angioplasty.

Balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty in adults: immediate and long-term outcomes.

Background And Aim Of The Study: The study aim was to determine the immediate and long-term outcomes of balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty (BPV) in a large cohort of adult patients (aged ≥ 18 years) with congenital valvular pulmonic stenosis.

Methods: A retrospective data analysis was conducted of the immediate and long-term outcomes of adult patients who had undergone BPV between 2000 and 2012 at a single tertiary care center.

Results: A total of 132 patients (mean age 27.

Comparison of ranolazine and trimetazidine on glycemic status in diabetic patients with coronary artery disease - a randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases have become the leading cause of death around the globe and diabetes mellitus (DM) is considered to be a coronary artery disease (CAD) risk equivalent. Ranolazine, an anti anginal drug has been found to reduce Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) in diabetes patients with chronic angina. However the effect of another antianginal drug trimetazidine, on glycemic status is not clear.

Effects of subcutaneously infiltrated nitroglycerin on diameter, palpability, ease-of-puncture and pre-cannulation spasm of radial artery during transradial coronary angiography.

Background: The success of transradial catheterization depends on meticulous access of radial artery which in turn depends on palpating a good radial pulse.

Objectives: Our objectives were to analyze the effects of subcutaneously infiltrated nitroglycerin on diameter of radial artery, palpability of radial pulse, ease-of-puncture and pre-cannulation spasm of radial artery during transradial coronary angiography.

Methods: Patients undergoing transradial coronary angiography were randomized to Group NL or Group SL.

An acenocoumarol dosing algorithm exploiting clinical and genetic factors in South Indian (Dravidian) population.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the influence of CYP2C9, VKORC1, CYP4F2, and GGCX genetic polymorphisms on mean daily dose of acenocoumarol in South Indian patients and to develop a new pharmacogenetic algorithm based on clinical and genetic factors.

Methods: Patients receiving acenocoumarol maintenance therapy (n = 230) were included in the study. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of CYP2C9, VKORC1, CYP4F2, and GGCX were genotyped by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method.

Real time three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography demonstration of membranous septal aneurysm causing severe right ventricular outflow tract obstruction.

In addition to infundibular muscular hypertrophy and anomalous muscle bundles in the right ventricular body, large membranous septal aneurysms (MSA), sinus of valsalva aneurysms, and aneurysms derived from the embryonic venous valve protruding through the tricuspid valve can cause right ventricular outflow obstruction in a patient with ventricular septal defect. Here we describe an adult with a small perimembranous ventricular septal defect complicated by a large MSA causing severe right ventricular outflow obstruction evaluated with real time three dimensional transesophageal echocardiography and cardiac catheterisation. The patient underwent surgical correction of the abnormality and is asymptomatic on follow up.

Angiographic prevalence and pattern of coronary artery disease in women.

Background: There are not many studies describing the prevalence and pattern of "coronary artery disease" (CAD) in women undergoing "coronary angiography" (CAG). Hence, uncertainty thrives with regard to the angiographic prevalence and pattern of CAD in women.

Objective: Our objective was to study the prevalence and pattern of CAD among women undergoing CAG.