Predictor of in-stent restenosis in patients with drug-eluting stent (PRIDE)- a retrospective cohort study.

Background: It is a fact that coronary artery disease (CAD) is more prevalent in India as compared to western countries. The major risk factors associated with the early CAD are a high prevalence of diabetes mellitus, atherogenic lipid profile, smoking habits, sedentary lifestyle, low socioeconomic condition and high prevalence of obesity. Is this true for restenosis after drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation and factors associated with it? The main objective of the study was to determine the rate of in-stent restenosis (ISR) in patients with DES and risk factors associated with it from our region.

Contribution of insulin resistance to decreased baroreceptor sensitivity & cardiometabolic risks in pre-obesity & obesity.

Background & Objectives: Although insulin resistance (IR) is a known complication in obesity, the physiological mechanisms linking IR with cardiometabolic risks in obesity have not been well studied. This study was conducted to assess the difference in cardiovascular (CV) risk profile in IR and non-IR (NIR) conditions, and contribution of IR to cardiometabolic risks in pre-obese and obese individuals.

Methods: Basal CV, blood pressure variability, autonomic function test and cardiometabolic parameters were recorded in pre-obese (n=86) and obese (n=77) individuals during 2012 and 2015.

Effects of conscious sedation on tachycardia inducibility and patient comfort during ablation of supraventricular tachycardia: a double blind randomized controlled study.

Aims: Sedation is not consistently used during electrophysiology procedures because of concerns regarding effects on tachycardia inducibility. We designed this study to assess the effect of conscious sedation on tachycardia inducibility and patient comfort during supraventricular tachycardia ablation.

Methods And Results: Patients with narrow QRS tachycardia and no pre-excitation undergoing an electrophysiology study were randomly assigned to sedation or placebo group.

Effect of 12 Weeks of Yoga Therapy on Quality of Life and Indian Diabetes Risk Score in Normotensive Indian Young Adult Prediabetics and Diabetics: Randomized Control Trial.

Introduction: India has become the epicentre for diabetes, a stress-related disorder affecting the working skills and day-to-day lifestyle management of younger population. Most of the studies have reported the effect of yoga on improving Quality of Life (QoL) in diabetic patients with other comorbidities. Till date, no randomized control trial reports are available to show the effect of yoga therapy on QoL and Indian Diabetes Risk Score (IDRS) in normotensive prediabetic and diabetic young individuals.

Reuse of pacemakers, defibrillators and cardiac resynchronisation devices.

Objective: Access to pacemakers remains poor among many patients in low/middle-income countries. Reuse of explanted pacemakers is a possible solution, but is still not widespread because of concerns regarding outcomes, especially infection. Our objective was to study early outcomes with implants using reused devices and compare them with those with implants using new devices.

Radiofrequency ablation of posteroseptal accessory pathways associated with coronary sinus diverticula.

Purpose: Posteroseptal accessory pathways may be associated with a coronary sinus (CS) diverticulum. Our purpose was to describe the clinical characteristics, mapping and ablation of these pathways.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of all patients who underwent ablation of posteroseptal accessory pathways in a single centre.

Pace mapping in the atrium using bipolar electrograms from widely spaced electrodes.

Background: Pace mapping is a useful tool but is of limited utility for the atrium because of poor spatial resolution. We investigated the use of bipolar electrograms recorded from widely spaced electrodes in order to improve the resolution of pace mapping.

Methods: This prospective study included patients undergoing a clinical electrophysiology study.

Attenuated baroreflex sensitivity in normotensive prediabetes and diabetes in Indian adults.

Purpose/aim Of The Study: Though attenuated baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) is known to promote cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in diabetics, its status in prediabetes has not been reported. Also, the link of BRS to CVD risk in normotensive diabetics has not been reported. This study aimed to evaluate the association of BRS to CVD risk in normotensive prediabetics and diabetics.

Decreased baroreflex sensitivity is linked to sympathovagal imbalance, body fat mass and altered cardiometabolic profile in pre-obesity and obesity.

Objective: Though decreased baroreflex sensitivity (BRS), the predictor of cardiac morbidities and mortality has been reported in obesity, the mechanisms and metabolic biomarkers influencing BRS have not been studied. We aimed to assess the difference in cardiovascular (CV) risk profile in pre-obesity and obesity, and the contribution of body composition and cardiometabolic factors to CV risks in these two conditions.

Methods: Obesity indices, body composition, blood pressure variability and autonomic function test parameters were recorded in 223 subjects divided into controls (n=72), pre-obese (n=77) and obese (n=74) groups.

Association of sympathovagal imbalance with obesity indices, and abnormal metabolic biomarkers and cardiovascular parameters.

Problem: Pathophysiological mechanisms contributing to abnormal cardiovascular (CV) parameters in obesity have not been fully elucidated. Role of sympathovagal imbalance (SVI) in the prediction of abnormalities in CV functions in obesity has not been studied.

Methods: Anthropometric indices, CV parameters, autonomic function tests (AFTs) such as spectral heart rate variability (HRV) analysis, heart rate and blood pressure response to standing, deep breathing, and isometric-handgrip, and biochemical parameters like insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), lipid risk factors and inflammatory marker [high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP)] were assessed in control group (non-obese, n=43) and obese group (n=45).

An acenocoumarol dosing algorithm exploiting clinical and genetic factors in South Indian (Dravidian) population.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the influence of CYP2C9, VKORC1, CYP4F2, and GGCX genetic polymorphisms on mean daily dose of acenocoumarol in South Indian patients and to develop a new pharmacogenetic algorithm based on clinical and genetic factors.

Methods: Patients receiving acenocoumarol maintenance therapy (n = 230) were included in the study. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of CYP2C9, VKORC1, CYP4F2, and GGCX were genotyped by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method.

Adiponectin-resistin index and its strong association with acute coronary syndrome in South Indian men.

Background: India has the highest burden of acute coronary syndromes worldwide. Apart from certain lipid alterations that have been established to be definite risk factors, low level of adiponectin, high levels of resistin, and IL-6 have been shown to be risk factors for cardiovascular events. Insulin resistance is also a significant predictor of poor outcome in patients admitted with ACS.

Lipoprotein ratios as surrogate markers for insulin resistance in South indians with normoglycemic nondiabetic acute coronary syndrome.

Background. Insulin resistance has been associated with dyslipidemia and cardiovascular disease. Even though homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) is a well-known insulin resistance predictor, estimation of serum lipoprotein ratios has been recently suggested as a surrogate marker for insulin resistance.

A Randomized Controlled Trial to Study the Effect of Yoga Therapy on Cardiac Function and N Terminal Pro BNP in Heart Failure.

Aims: The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether yoga training in addition to standard medical therapy can improve cardiac function and reduce N terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT pro BNP) in heart failure (HF).

Methods: 130 patients were recruited and randomized into two groups: Control Group (CG) (n = 65), Yoga Group (YG). In YG, 44 patients and in CG, 48 patients completed the study.

Effect of yoga therapy on heart rate, blood pressure and cardiac autonomic function in heart failure.

Background And Objective: It is well known that a hall mark of heart failure is adverse changes in autonomic function. Elevated blood pressure is a powerful predictor of congestive heart failure and other Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) outcomes. In this study, we planned to examine the effects of a 12 week yoga therapy on blood pressure, heart rate, heart rate variability, and rate pressure product (RPP).

Sequential Anterograde and Retrograde Conduction Block during Radiofrequency Ablation of an Accessory Pathway.

We present an interesting image showing sequential loss of anterograde, and subsequently, retrograde conduction during radiofrequency ablation of an accessory pathway. We discuss the possible mechanisms and prior literature concerning this interesting finding.

Estimation of plasma levels of warfarin and 7-hydroxy warfarin by high performance liquid chromatography in patients receiving warfarin therapy.

Warfarin is one of the most commonly prescribed oral anticoagulant for prevention of thromboembolic events. The effect of this drug is measured by monitoring prothrombin time expressed as International Normalized Ratio (INR). In some cases, however, the measurement of plasma concentration of warfarin was emphasized.

Effect of CYP2C9, VKORC1, CYP4F2 and GGCX genetic variants on warfarin maintenance dose and explicating a new pharmacogenetic algorithm in South Indian population.

Objective: To determine the influence of genetic polymorphisms on warfarin maintenance dose and to explicate an algorithm using the pharmacogenetic and clinical factors to determine the maintenance and/or starting dose of warfarin in South Indian patients receiving warfarin therapy.

Methods: Patients receiving stabilized warfarin therapy (n=257) were included in the study. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of CYP2C9 (rs1799853 and rs1057910), VKORC1 (rs9923231, rs7196161, rs2884737, rs9934438, rs8050894, rs2359612 and rs7294), CYP4F2 (rs2108622) and GGCX (rs11676382) were genotyped by the quantitative real time-PCR method.