SARS-CoV-2 pathophysiology and post-vaccination severity: a systematic review.

Currently, COVID-19 is still striking after 4 years of prevalence, with millions of cases and thousands of fatalities being recorded every month. The virus can impact other major organ systems, including the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), cardiovascular, central nervous system, renal, and hepatobiliary systems. The resulting organ dysfunction from SARS-CoV-2 may be attributed to one or a combination of mechanisms, such as direct viral toxicity, disruptions in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), thrombosis, immune dysregulation, and ischemic injury due to vasculitis.

Effects of antibiotic supplementation vs. nutrient stress on α-linolenic acid and α-tocopherol in Scenedesmus sp.

The hormetic effects of antibiotics on Scenedesmus sp. werecompared with nitrogen limitationstrategies. We observed that 100 and 1000 nM supplementation with antibiotics could stimulate bothα-linolenic acid (ALA) and α-tocopherol productivities.

Metabolomics in Context of Alpha-Ketoglutarate and Lactate in Neonates with Birth Asphyxia.

Background: Neonatal birth/perinatal asphyxia is a critical condition that can adversely affect many different bodily tissues, particularly the brain; depending on duration and severity of asphyxia, leading to difficulties and lifelong disabilities. These can be avoided by early detection of the biochemical derangements and prompt intervention. Serum alpha-ketoglutarate (α-KG) and cord blood lactate have been found to be associated with birth asphyxia and may have potential to act as biomarkers for birth asphyxia.

Recent Trends in Seroprevalence of Celiac Disease at a Tertiary Care Center.

It is a retrospective study and all samples received in the laboratory from symptomatic patients for estimation of Immunoglobulin A (IgA) antitissue transglutaminase (IgA anti-tTGA) antibodies are included. Seroprevalence of celiac disease was determined using indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for IgA anti-tTGA. Out of 8787 serum samples received in the laboratory over a period of four years, the seroprevalence of CD was 2.

The burden of tuberculosis among patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma in a tertiary care center.

Background: Lung cancer and tuberculosis share similar risk factors, clinical spectrum, radiological features and it is difficult to differentiate but it is important to diagnose both conditions for targeted therapy and better outcome.

Aims: Our primary objective was to estimate the proportion of TB in primary biopsy proven non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) cases.

Material & Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in the Departments of Medicine/Pulmonary Medicine/Medical Oncology and Microbiology at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi for a period of 2 years (January 2020-December 2021).

Exploring the potential of graphite material in an unplanted electroactive wetland for the remediation of synthetic wastewater containing azo dye.

The current study was conducted to understand the sole role of graphite as a substrate material in a dual-chambered baffled electroactive wetland (EW) in the treatment of Methyl red dye-containing wastewater. The results obtained were compared with conventional gravel-based unplanted dual-chambered constructed wetlands (CW) at a lab scale. The highest dye decolorisation and COD removal efficiency achieved was 92.

Molecular docking and metagenomics assisted mitigation of microplastic pollution.

Microplastics, tiny, flimsy, and direct progenitors of principal and subsidiary plastics, cause environmental degradation in aquatic and terrestrial entities. Contamination concerns include irrevocable impacts, potential cytotoxicity, and negative health effects on mortals. The detection, recovery, and degradation strategies of these pollutants in various biota and ecosystems, as well as their impact on plants, animals, and humans, have been a topic of significant interest.

Dietary risk factors in gastrointestinal cancers: A case-control study in North India.

Background: One-third of all cancer deaths are preventable by alterations in diet.

Methods: A case control study was conducted in a Regional Cancer Center in North India to evaluate the relationship of diet with selected gastrointestinal cancers. A total of 171 cases, 151 hospital controls, and 167 healthy controls were interviewed using food frequency questionnaire.

Pre and post treatment quality of life among patients of hepatobiliary and pancreatic cancers in North India: A prospective study.

Context: Studies reporting quality of life (QOL) measures alongside conventional measures of effectiveness of interventions and outcome are essential.

Aims: We aimed to compare QOL and mental well-being in hepatobiliary and pancreatic cancer patients before and after receiving treatment.

Settings And Design: This was a hospital-based prospective study.

IMPETUS Stroke: Assessment of hospital infrastructure and workflow for implementation of uniform stroke care pathway in India.

Background: India accounts for 13.3% of global disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) lost due to stroke with a relatively younger age of onset compared to the Western population. In India's public healthcare system, many stroke patients seek care at tertiary-level government-funded medical colleges where an optimal level of stroke care is expected.

Phylogeny and evolution of SARS-CoV-2 during Delta and Omicron variant waves in India.

SARS-CoV-2 evolution has continued to generate variants, responsible for new pandemic waves locally and globally. Varying disease presentation and severity has been ascribed to inherent variant characteristics and vaccine immunity. This study analyzed genomic data from 305 whole genome sequences from SARS-CoV-2 patients before and through the third wave in India.

Randomized Controlled Trial of Isha Kriya versus Observation to Improve Quality of Life in Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Recipients.

Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) impacts recipients' quality of life (QoL). Few mindfulness-based interventions (MBI) in HCT recipients have shown feasibility, but heterogeneous practices and outcome measures have called into question the actual benefit. We hypothesized that self-guided isha kriya, a 12-minute guided meditation based on the principles of yoga focusing on breathing, awareness, and thought, as a mobile app would improve QoL in the acute HCT setting.

Expedited diagnosis of pediatric tuberculosis using Truenat MTB-Rif Dx and GeneXpert MTB/RIF.

Rapid, cost-effective, and sensitive diagnostic assays are essential for global tuberculosis (TB) control, especially in high TB burden, resource-limited settings. The current study was designed to evaluate diagnostic accuracy of Truenat MTB-Rif Dx (MolBio) in children less than 18 years of age, with symptoms suggestive of TB. Gastric aspirate, induced sputum, and broncho-alveolar lavage samples were subjected simultaneously to AFB-smear, GeneXpert MTB/RIF, liquid culture (MGIT-960) and Truenat MTB-Rif Dx.

Systematizing Microbial Bioplastic Production for Developing Sustainable Bioeconomy: Metabolic Nexus Modeling, Economic and Environmental Technologies Assessment.

The excessive usage of non-renewable resources to produce plastic commodities has incongruously influenced the environment's health. Especially in the times of COVID-19, the need for plastic-based health products has increased predominantly. Given the rise in global warming and greenhouse gas emissions, the lifecycle of plastic has been established to contribute to it significantly.

Effect of acute vs chronic stress on Polyhydroxybutyrate production by indigenous cyanobacterium.

Fossil-based plastic has become a global-threat due to its high stability and transformation into more lethal forms such as micro plastics with time. An alternative should be found to combat this global enemy. Polyhydroxybutyrate or PHB can be such an alternative to plastic.

Oral Dexamethasone versus Prednisolone for Management of Children with West Syndrome: An Open-Labeled Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial.

Objective: To compare the efficacy of oral dexamethasone and prednisolone in the treatment of newly diagnosed children aged 3-36 months of West syndrome.

Methods: An open-labeled, randomized controlled clinical trial with parallel group assignment was conducted among children aged 3-36 months with newly diagnosed West syndrome. They were randomized to receive either oral dexamethasone (0.

Modulation of peroxisomal compartment by Epstein-Barr virus.

Viruses utilize clever strategies of interacting with various cellular factors, to remodel an organelle function, for the establishment of successful infection. In recent decades, numerous studies revealed the exploitation of the peroxisomal compartment by viruses. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous virus linked with various cancers and neurological disorders.

Perceptions of Healthcare Workers Regarding Palliative Care Services in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in North India - A Mixed Methods Observational Study.

Objectives: Cancers and various terminal illnesses need integrated palliative care with curative management, but, unfortunately, our health care system mainly focuses on the treatment of disease. Lack of awareness, difficulty in pain management and untrained staff are some of the challenges in palliative care services.The study was done to explore the perception of healthcare workers regarding availability, utilisation and challenges in the delivery of palliative care services.

Dysbiosis of Gut Microbiota from the Perspective of the Gut-Brain Axis: Role in the Provocation of Neurological Disorders.

The gut-brain axis is a bidirectional communication network connecting the gastrointestinal tract and central nervous system. The axis keeps track of gastrointestinal activities and integrates them to connect gut health to higher cognitive parts of the brain. Disruption in this connection may facilitate various neurological and gastrointestinal problems.