A Comparison of DNA-DNA Hybridization Kinetics in Complex Media on Planar and Nanostructured Electrodes.

A comprehensive investigation into how nanostructures alter real-time DNA hybridization kinetics in both buffer and complex media and under a wide range of probe and target concentrations is currently lacking. In response, we use a real-time, wash-free, and assay to study DNA hybridization kinetics by performing continuous electrochemical measurements in different media. We investigated the differences in hybridization kinetics under three regimes of probe density (low, medium, and high) and over three orders of magnitude of target concentrations (0.

High-Precision Viral Detection Using Electrochemical Kinetic Profiling of Aptamer-Antigen Recognition in Clinical Samples and Machine Learning.

High-precision viral detection at point of need with clinical samples plays a pivotal role in the diagnosis of infectious diseases and the control of a global pandemic. However, the complexity of clinical samples that often contain very low viral concentrations makes it a huge challenge to develop simple diagnostic devices that do not require any sample processing and yet are capable of meeting performance metrics such as very high sensitivity and specificity. Herein we describe a new single-pot and single-step electrochemical method that uses real-time kinetic profiling of the interaction between a high-affinity aptamer and an antigen on a viral surface.

Integrating Water Purification with Electrochemical Aptamer Sensing for Detecting SARS-CoV-2 in Wastewater.

Wastewater analysis of pathogens, particularly SARS-CoV-2, is instrumental in tracking and monitoring infectious diseases in a population. This method can be used to generate early warnings regarding the onset of an infectious disease and predict the associated infection trends. Currently, wastewater analysis of SARS-CoV-2 is almost exclusively performed using polymerase chain reaction for the amplification-based detection of viral RNA at centralized laboratories.

Development of Nucleic-Acid-Based Electrochemical Biosensors for Clinical Applications.

Nucleic acids are remarkable molecules. In addition to Watson-Crick base pairing, the different structural motifs of these molecules can bind non-nucleic acid targets or catalyze chemical reactions. Additionally, nucleic acids are easily modified with different molecules or functional groups.

Nanomaterial based electrochemical sensors for the safety and quality control of food and beverages.

The issue of foodborne related illnesses due to additives and contaminants poses a significant challenge to food processing industries. The efficient, economical and rapid analysis of food additives and contaminants is therefore necessary in order to minimize the risk of public health issues. Electrochemistry offers facile and robust analytical methods, which are desirable for food safety and quality assessment over conventional analytical techniques.

Efficient bacterial disinfection based on an integrated nanoporous titanium dioxide and ruthenium oxide bifunctional approach.

The increasing lack of drinking water around the globe is of great concern. Although UV irradiation, photocatalysis, and electrocatalysis for bacterial disinfection have been widely explored, the synergistic kinetics involved in these strategies have not been reported to date. Herein, we report on an efficient and cost-effective strategy for the remediation of a model bacterium (E.

Effective immobilization of alcohol dehydrogenase on carbon nanoscaffolds for ethanol biofuel cell.

An efficient approach for immobilizing alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) while enhancing its electron transfer ability has been developed using poly(2-(trimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (MADQUAT) cationic polymer and carbon nanoscaffolds. The carbon nanoscaffolds were comprised of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) wrapped with reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The ADH entrapped within the MADQUAT that was present on the carbon nanoscaffolds exhibited a high electron exchange capability with the electrode through its cofactor β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydrate and β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide reduced disodium salt hydrate (NAD/NADH) redox reaction.

A high-performance enzyme entrapment platform facilitated by a cationic polymer for the efficient electrochemical sensing of ethanol.

Entrapment is one of the major approaches for enzyme immobilization; however, it suffers a few critical drawbacks including leakage and high mass transfer resistance to substrates. To address these challenges, herein we report on a new facile and effective enzyme entrapment platform using a special cationic polymer, poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (MADQUAT) on a single-wall carbon nanotube and reduced graphene oxide (SWCNT-rGO) nanohybrid thin film. To demonstrate this new approach, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) is employed as a model enzyme for the entrapment toward the design of an efficient electrochemical biosensor for the detection of ethanol.

Carbon Nanomaterials Based Electrochemical Sensors/Biosensors for the Sensitive Detection of Pharmaceutical and Biological Compounds.

Electrochemical sensors and biosensors have attracted considerable attention for the sensitive detection of a variety of biological and pharmaceutical compounds. Since the discovery of carbon-based nanomaterials, including carbon nanotubes, C60 and graphene, they have garnered tremendous interest for their potential in the design of high-performance electrochemical sensor platforms due to their exceptional thermal, mechanical, electronic, and catalytic properties. Carbon nanomaterial-based electrochemical sensors have been employed for the detection of various analytes with rapid electron transfer kinetics.

Outbreak of pandemic influenza A/H1N1 2009 in Nepal.

Background: The 2009 flu pandemic is a global outbreak of a new strain of H1N1 influenza virus. Pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 has posed a serious public health challenge world-wide. Nepal has started Laboratory diagnosis of Pandemic influenza A/H1N1 from mid June 2009 though active screening of febrile travellers with respiratory symptoms was started from April 27, 2009.

Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) for the direct detection of human pulmonary infections with environmental (nontuberculosis) mycobacteria.

Most first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs have less in vitro activity against atypical mycobacteria. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) was used for the rapid diagnosis of mycobacterial species. The sensitivity of LAMP was 96.