Intraocular concentration and pharmacokinetics of triamcinolone acetonide after a single intravitreal injection.

Purpose: To describe the pharmacokinetics occurring after the direct injection of triamcinolone acetonide into the vitreous humor of humans.

Design: Interventional case series.

Participants: Five patients who received a single 4-mg intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide.

Recurrent solitary reticulohistiocytoma of the eyelid.

A healthy 13-year-old female presented with a 5-month history of an enlarging red-brown, firm lower eyelid mass associated with loss of eyelashes. An excisional biopsy revealed a well-circumscribed nodule composed of coalescing nests of epithelioid cells, rare multinucleated cells, and vacuolated macrophages and spindle cells. Additional studies revealed a positive vimentin and alpha(1)-antitrypsin, and negative S100 protein and Factor XIIIa immunophenotype.

Cause and prognosis of nontraumatic sixth nerve palsies in young adults.

Objective: To review the causes and prognosis of sixth nerve palsies in patients who are 20 to 50 years of age.

Design: Retrospective, noncomparative case series.

Participants: All patients aged 20 to 50 years with a nontraumatic sixth nerve palsy seen in a neuro-ophthalmic practice from 1994 to 2000.

Quality of life outcomes following dacryocystorhinostomy: external and endonasal laser techniques compared.

AIMS/BACKGROUND. Endonasal laser dacryocystorhinostomy (ELDCR) has recently become established as an alternative technique to conventional external DCR (EXDCR) for relief of epiphora. The aim of this study was to compare quality of life and symptomatic outcomes in patients treated by these two methods.

Ocular malformations, moyamoya disease, and midline cranial defects: a distinct syndrome.

Purpose: To report a 10-year-old girl with developmental anomalies of both optic disks, a chorioretinal coloboma, sphenopharyngeal meningoencephalocele, and moyamoya disease.

Methods: A full ophthalmologic examination, cranial magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance angiography, and cerebral angiography were performed.

Results: The patient had a morning glory disk anomaly and microphthalmos of the right eye and optic nerve hypoplasia and retinochoroidal coloboma in the left eye.

Endonasal laser-assisted dacryocystorhinostomy.

Endonasal laser-assisted dacryocystorhinostomy allows relief of epiphora caused by nasolacrimal duct obstruction. It can be performed as a day-case procedure and has many advantages over conventional approaches. This article reviews conventional, endoscopic and laser-assisted dacryocystorhinostomy and describes the technical steps of an endonasal procedure.