Renal Fibrosis and Oxidative Stress Induced by Silica Nanoparticles in Male Rats and Its Molecular Mechanisms.

Background: The utilization of amorphous silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) is gaining popularity in various applications, but it poses a potential risk to human and environmental health. However, the underlying causes and mechanisms of SiNPs-induced kidney damage are still largely unknown.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the SiNPs-induced damage in the kidney and further explore the possible mechanisms of SiNPs-induced nephrotoxicity.

Subacute silica nanoparticle exposure induced oxidative stress and inflammation in rat hippocampus combined with disruption of cholinergic system and behavioral functions.

Increasing environmental exposure to silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) and limited neurotoxicity studies pose a challenge for safety evaluation and management of these materials. This study aimed to explore the adverse effects and underlying mechanisms of subacute exposure to SiNPs by the intraperitoneal route on hippocampus function in rats. Data showed that SiNPs induced a significant increase in oxidative/nitrosative stress markers including reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), protein oxidation (PCO) and nitrite (NO) production accompanied by reduced antioxidant enzyme activity (catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase) and decreased glutathione (GSH).

Silica Nanoparticles Induce Hepatotoxicity by Triggering Oxidative Damage, Apoptosis, and Bax-Bcl2 Signaling Pathway.

The increase in the usage of silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) in the industrial and medical fields has raised concerns about their possible adverse effects on human health. The present study aimed to investigate the potential adverse effects of SiNPs at daily doses of 25 and 100 mg/kg body weight intraperitoneally (i.p.

Lambda-cyhalothrin exposure alters purine nucleotide hydrolysis and nucleotidase gene expression pattern in platelets and liver of rats.

Lambda-cyhalothrin (LCT) is a broad-spectrum pesticide widely used in agriculture throughout the world. This pesticide is considered a potential contaminant of surface and underground water as well as food, posing a risk to ecosystems and humans. In this sense, we decided to evaluate the activity of enzymes belonging to the purinergic system, which is linked with regulation of extracellular nucleotides and nucleosides, such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine (Ado) molecules involved in the regulation of inflammatory response.

Pyrethroid insecticide lambda-cyhalothrin and its metabolites induce liver injury through the activation of oxidative stress and proinflammatory gene expression in rats following acute and subchronic exposure.

Lambda-cyhalothrin (LTC) [α-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl-3-(2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclo-propanecarboxylate] is a synthetic type II pyrethroid insecticide commonly used in residential and agricultural areas. The potential hepatotoxicity of pyrethroids remains unclear and could easily be assessed by measuring common clinical indicators of liver disease. To understand more about the potential risks for humans associated with LTC exposure, male adult rats were orally exposed to 6.

Anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities of grapevine leaf extract (Vitis vinifera) in mice and identification of its active constituents by LC-MS/MS analyses.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The leaves of Vitis vinifera is used in traditional medicine for diarrhea, hepatitis and stomachaches. The objective of this study was to investigate the anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic properties of the hydroalcoholic leaf extract of Vitis vinifera (EVV) on experimental models to provide scientific basis for its use.

Materials And Methods: The EVV was chemically characterized by LC-MS/MS analyses.

Naringin suppresses cell metastasis and the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) via the inhibition of ERK-P38-JNK signaling pathway in human glioblastoma.

Naringin (4',5,7-trihydroxyflavanone 7-rhamnoglucoside), a natural flavonoid, has pharmacological properties. In the present study, we investigated the anti-metastatic activity of naringin and its molecular mechanism(s) of action in human glioblastoma cells. Naringin exhibits inhibitory effects on the invasion and adhesion of U87 cells in a concentration-dependent manner by Matrigel Transwell and cell adhesion assays.

Protective role of naringin against cisplatin induced oxidative stress, inflammatory response and apoptosis in rat striatum via suppressing ROS-mediated NF-κB and P53 signaling pathways.

Cisplatin (Cis) is an effective chemotherapeutic agent successfully used in the treatment of a wide range of malignancies while its usage is limited due to its dose-dependent toxicity. The present study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of naringin, an ubiquitous flavonoid, against Cis-induced striatum injury in Wistar aged rats. Briefly, the experimental procedures were divided in two sets of experiments.