Use of multiple sclerosis disease-modifying therapies during pregnancy in France: Nationwide study between 2010 and 2021.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) frequently affects women of childbearing age and pregnant women.

Objective: To assess the use of MS disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) during pregnancy in France over the last decade, marked by an increasing DMTs availability.

Methods: All pregnancies ended from April 2010 to December 2021 in women with MS were identified based on the nationwide Mother-Child Register EPI-MERES, built from the French National Health Data System ( (SNDS)).

Improving the decision to switch from first- to second-line therapy in multiple sclerosis: A dynamic scoring system.

Background: In relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), early identification of suboptimal responders can prevent disability progression.

Objective: We aimed to develop and validate a dynamic score to guide the early decision to switch from first- to second-line therapy.

Methods: Using time-dependent propensity scores (PS) from a French cohort of 12,823 patients with RRMS, we constructed one training and two validation PS-matched cohorts to compare the switched patients to second-line treatment and the maintained patients.

Untreated patients with multiple sclerosis: A study of French expert centers.

Background And Purpose: Disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) have an impact on relapses and disease progression. Nonetheless, many patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) remain untreated. The objectives of the present study were to determine the proportion of untreated patients with MS followed in expert centers in France and to determine the predictive factors of nontreatment.

Social norms in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: Impairment of the moral/conventional distinction?

In multiple sclerosis, conflicting results have been reported between social impairment and relatively preserved moral judgments, mainly tested with moral dilemmas. Some results even yet suggest signs of "ultra-morality" in these patients. The objective of the present study was to test this hypothesis with the moral/conventional distinction task, investigating the knowledge of social norms and the judgment of moral versus conventional transgressions.

Impairment in oral medical comprehension in multiple sclerosis.

In multiple sclerosis (MS), medical comprehension of website information and informed consent is reported to be impaired. The aim of the present study was to investigate oral medical comprehension of literal, figurative and humorous language in MS through videos of physician-patient exchanges. A group of 35 MS patients was compared to a control group (38 healthy participants).

Impairments of humour comprehension in multiple sclerosis.

Background: Sociocognition is an important field of neuropsychology involving human interactions. In relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, it was recently demonstrated that sociocognition is severely and precociously impaired. Among sociocognitive abilities, humour has not yet been considered in this disease despite its important social functions, including during doctor-patient communication.

Early Management of Transient Ischemic Attack in Emergency Departments in France.

Introduction: Emergency departments play a key role in the diagnosis and treatment of transient ischemic attacks, but limited data are available about the early management of such patients in emergency wards. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate emergency physicians' management of transient ischemic attack and analyze variations factors.

Methods: A multicenter survey among emergency physicians of the Grand Est region network (Est-RESCUE) was conducted from January 28th to March 28th, 2019.

Glucose Modifies the Effect of Endovascular Thrombectomy in Patients With Acute Stroke.

Background and Purpose- Hyperglycemia is a negative prognostic factor after acute ischemic stroke but is not known whether glucose is associated with the effects of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) in patients with large-vessel stroke. In a pooled-data meta-analysis, we analyzed whether serum glucose is a treatment modifier of the efficacy of EVT in acute stroke. Methods- Seven randomized trials compared EVT with standard care between 2010 and 2017 (HERMES Collaboration [highly effective reperfusion using multiple endovascular devices]).

Fronto-Subcortical Circuits for Cognition and Motivation: Dissociated Recovery in a Case of Loss of Psychic Self-Activation.

In humans and non-humans primates, extensive evidence supports the existence of subcortico-cortical circuits for cognition and behavior. Lesions studies are critical to understand the clinical significance of these functionally segregated circuits. Mapping these circuits from lesion studies is difficult given the heterogeneous etiology of the lesions, the lack of long-term and systematic testing of cognitive and behavioral disturbances, as well as the scarcity of neuroimaging data for identifying the precise location and extent of subcortical lesions.

Can early neurological improvement after mechanical thrombectomy be used as a surrogate for final stroke outcome?

Background And Purpose: We aimed to identify the best definition of early neurological improvement (ENI) at 2 and 24 hours after mechanical thrombectomy (MT) and determine its ability to predict a good functional outcome at 3 months.

Methods: This retrospective analysis was based on a prospectively collected registry of patients treated by MT for ischemic stroke from May 2010 to March 2017. We included patients treated with stent-retrievers with National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score before treatment and at 2 and/or 24 hours after treatment and modified Rankin Score (mRS) at 3 months.

Mechanical Thrombectomy for Tandem Occlusions of the Internal Carotid Artery-Results of a Conservative Approach for the Extracranial Lesion.

Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is of clinical benefit for patients with extracranial-intracranial tandem lesions of anterior circulation. However, the optimal approach to the cervical lesion of the internal carotid artery (ICA) during MT has yet to be established. Data on a conservative approach for the proximal lesion during the acute phase are scarce.

Chapman-Cook' complex reading comprehension test: better performances for aged participants in comparison with youngers for level of schooling lower than baccalaureate.

We studied the comprehension abilities of healthy participants with a French version of the Chapman-Cook Speed of Reading Test. The objective was to assess the effect of gender, age and educational level on chronometric performances and errors. In this test, the task is to cross out an inappropriate word within short passages.

Is there a benefit of mechanical thrombectomy in patients with large stroke (DWI-ASPECTS ≤ 5)?

Background And Purpose: Whether to withhold mechanical thrombectomy when the diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) lesion exceeds a given volume is undetermined. Our aim was to identify markers that will help to select patients with large DWI lesions [DWI-Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score (DWI-ASPECTS) ≤ 5] that may benefit from thrombectomy.

Methods: From May 2010 to November 2016, 82 acute ischaemic stroke patients with DWI-ASPECTS ≤5 (43 men, 64.

Social Cognition Abilities in Patients With Different Multiple Sclerosis Subtypes.

Objectives: Multiple sclerosis (MS) can be associated with impaired social cognition. However, social cognition skills have never been explored in the different subtypes of MS. The first aim of this study was to examine whether MS subtypes differ on the course of social cognition.

When synesthesia and savant abilities are mistaken for hallucinations and delusions: contribution of a cognitive approach for their differential diagnosis.

Objective: Schizophrenia is characterized by hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech and behavior, and other symptoms that cause social or occupational dysfunction. However, some of these symptoms, such as hallucinations and delusions, can be indicative of other phenomena such as synesthesia and savant abilities. The aim of this paper is to highlight how neurological and psychiatric conditions can be confused and how formal neuropsychological evaluations can be necessary to distinguish them.

Characteristics of Alzheimer's Disease Patients with Severe Executive Disorders.

Background: Executive dysfunctions in Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been assessed using variable batteries and/or in selected populations.

Objective: The primary objective of this observational study was to determine the prevalence and severity of executive dysfunction in AD patients using a previously validated battery. The secondary objective was to determine the characteristics including treatment outcomes of AD patients with severe executive dysfunction.

Cross-validation of a Shortened Battery for the Assessment of Dysexecutive Disorders in Alzheimer Disease.

The frequency of executive disorders in mild-to-moderate Alzheimer disease (AD) has been demonstrated by the application of a comprehensive battery. The present study analyzed data from 2 recent multicenter studies based on the same executive battery. The objective was to derive a shortened battery by using the GREFEX population as a training dataset and by cross-validating the results in the REFLEX population.

Systemic Sarcoidosis Mimicking a Behavioural Variant of Frontotemporal Dementia.

Among rare neurological manifestations, a progressive dementia may exceptionally be the revealing clinical feature of a sarcoidosis. Diagnosis may then be difficult, especially when systemic signs are missing or latent, with a risk of therapeutic delay. We report the first case of sarcoidosis mimicking a frontotemporal dementia.

[Multiple sclerosis and verbal episodic memory: Critical review of cognitive processes and their assessment].

Memory impairment, especially verbal episodic memory (VEM), represents a common ground for cognitive complaint in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Beyond the difficulty caused in daily life, these deficits may impact on occupational activities. Neuropsychological assessment of these patients has to include VEM tests, to describe the level of dysfunction of the different processes contributing to VEM and, if required, to guide adapted cognitive rehabilitation.