Administration of Delphinidin to Improve Survival and Neurological Outcome in Mice After Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) after cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CA-CPR). Early administration of vitamin C at a high dose in experimental models resulted in less myocardial damage and had a positive effect on survival after resuscitation. Here, we postulated that the ROS scavenging activity of an anthocyanin (i.

Enhanced expression of thioredoxin-interacting-protein regulates oxidative DNA damage and aging.

The "free radical theory of aging" suggests that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are responsible for age-related loss of cellular functions and, therefore, represent the main cause of aging. Redox regulation by thioredoxin-1 (TRX) plays a crucial role in responses to oxidative stress. We show that thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), a negative regulator of TRX, plays a major role in maintaining the redox status and, thereby, influences aging processes.

[Influence of rocuronium dose on the effectiveness of mask ventilation : A prospective, randomized clinical trial].

Background: Mask ventilation could improve after administration of muscle relaxants if there is a functional obstruction of the airway, such as laryngospasm, vocal cord closure or opioid-induced muscle rigidity. On the other hand, muscle relaxants could worsen mask ventilation because they induce upper airway collapse; however, clinical studies showed that rocuronium (Roc) improved mask ventilation or it remained unchanged. In most cases Roc 0.

The anticancer phytochemical rocaglamide inhibits Rho GTPase activity and cancer cell migration.

Chemotherapy is one of the pillars of anti-cancer therapy. Although chemotherapeutics cause regression of the primary tumor, many chemotherapeutics are often shown to induce or accelerate metastasis formation. Moreover, metastatic tumors are largely resistant against chemotherapy.

AF-1 a novel regulator of the redox equilibrium during aging.

Multicellular organisms generally undergo qualitative changes within time that are associated with progressive degeneration of biological functions, increased susceptibility to diseases, and increased probability to die within a given time period (aging). One of the major factors contributing to aging is accumulation of oxidative damage. We show that Aging Factor-1 (AF-1) negatively influences the redox balance during aging.

Design and implementation of a control system reflecting the level of analgesia during general anesthesia.

Introduction: Measuring and ensuring an adequate level of analgesia in patients are of increasing interest in the area of automated drug delivery during general anesthesia. Therefore, the aim of this investigation was to develop a control system that may reflect the intraoperative analgesia value. Our hypothesis was that a feedback controller could be applied in clinical practice safely and at an adequate quality of analgesia.

Fingerprint design and engineering strategies: rationalizing and improving similarity search performance.

Fingerprints (FPs) are bit or integer string representations of molecular structure and properties, and are popular descriptors for chemical similarity searching. A major goal of similarity searching is the identification of novel active compounds on the basis of known reference molecules. In this review recent FP design and engineering strategies are discussed.

A surgical technique for a terminal intracranial hypertension model in pigs.

The life-threatening effects of intracranial hypertension on brain perfusion and cerebral metabolism are the subject of current research in different animal models. The purpose of this study was to describe an efficient, reliable and inexpensive surgical method for temporary elevation of intracranial pressure (ICP) in acutely instrumented pigs in a research setting. Therefore, a balloon catheter was inserted into the left lateral ventricle and an ICP sensor was placed in the parenchyma of the right cerebral hemisphere.

Clinical evaluation of a simultaneous closed-loop anaesthesia control system for depth of anaesthesia and neuromuscular blockade*.

We developed a closed-loop system to control the depth of anaesthesia and neuromuscular blockade using the bispectral index and the electromyogram simultaneously and evaluated the clinical performance of this combined system for general anaesthesia. Twenty-two adult patients were included in this study. Anaesthesia was induced by a continuous infusion of remifentanil at 0.

[Feedback control of depth of anesthesia during propofol administration. Bispectral index as the controlled variable].

Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of a new system for closed-loop control of propofol administration using the bispectral index (BIS) under total intravenous anesthesia in the index values of middle-to-deep depth of anaesthesia.

Methods: In this study 20 adult patients anesthetized with propofol and remifentanil were investigated. The propofol infusion was carried out using a fuzzy-PD+I controller with a target BIS value of 40.

[Blood pressure control in the area of surgical interventions].

For specific surgical interventions, such as aortic stent implantation, it might be temporarily necessary to decrease mean arterial pressure to rather low levels (around 40 mm Hg). Such hypotensive pressure levels are necessary to avoid intra- and postoperative intricacies. Traditionally, the drug Nitroprussidnatrium is used for this task.

A surgical technique for catheterization of the sagittal sinus in pigs.

The purpose of our study was to describe an efficient, reliable and inexpensive surgical method for cerebral venous blood gas sampling in acutely instrumented pigs in a research setting. Parameters from the blood samples are used to monitor brain perfusion and oxygenation in different animal models. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first detailed description of an accurate surgical technique for catheterization of the sagittal sinus in pigs.

The benefits of using Guyton's model in a hypotensive control system.

In order to improve the intraoperative applications, this paper presents the advantages of using Guyton's model in hypotensive control system development. In this system, the mean arterial pressure is decreased and maintained at a low level during anaesthesia by controlling sodium nitroprusside infusion rate. The key of the study is to develop a physiological model of cardiovascular dynamics to present the mean arterial pressure response to sodium nitroprusside, which was considered as a linear model in most of known blood pressure control systems.

The impact of intra-aortic balloon pumping on cardiac output determination by pulmonary arterial and transpulmonary thermodilution in pigs.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of intra-aortic balloon pumping (IABP) on the comparison of simultaneous measurements of cardiac output via pulmonary arterial and transpulmonary thermodilution (PiCCO; Pulsion Medical Systems, Munich, Germany).

Design: Prospective.

Settings: University research laboratory.

Onset properties of mivacurium measured by mechanomyography depend on the twitch height of the adductor pollicis muscle.

Introduction: The influence of the twitch height of the adductor pollicis muscle during baseline measurements on the pharmacodynamic parameters of mivacurium was prospectively evaluated.

Patients And Methods: Fifty adult patients were anaesthetized with propofol and alfentanil. Neuromuscular function was monitored mechanomyographically by measuring the force of the adductor pollicis muscle following stimulation of the ulnar nerve.

[Depth of anaesthesia during intubation: comparison between propofol and thiopentone].

In order to study the depth of anaesthesia during endotracheal intubation, 30 patients received either thiopentone or propofol for anaesthesia induction. The BIS value as a parameter for the depth of anaesthesia and the rate pressure product (RPP) were acquired online. Patients who received thiopentone for anaesthesia induction showed significantly higher BIS values at the moment of intubation and reached BIS values >60 significantly more frequently than patients receiving propofol.

Comparison of invasive and less-invasive techniques of cardiac output measurement under different haemodynamic conditions in a pig model.

Background And Objective: Despite the introduction of various less-invasive concepts of cardiac output measurement, pulmonary arterial thermodilution is still the most common measurement technique.

Methods: This prospective controlled study was designed to compare different methods of cardiac output measurement simultaneously. Pulmonary arterial thermodilution, transpulmonary thermodilution (PiCCO), trans-oesophageal echo-Doppler probe (HemoSonic) and partial carbon dioxide rebreathing technique (NICO monitor) were evaluated against a peri-aortic transit-time flow-probe as reference method in a clinically relevant animal model.