Reproductive toxicity of perfluorobutane sulfonate in zebrafish (Danio rerio): Impacts on oxidative stress, hormone disruption and HPGL axis dysregulation.

Per and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are anthropogenic chemicals extensively used in consumer products. Perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS), a short-chain PFAS, has been introduced as an alternative to long-chain PFAS, but limited studies have investigated its reproductive toxicity in fish. In this study, adult zebrafish were exposed to PFBS at concentrations of 0.

Enhancing the efficacy of zinc oxide nanoparticles by beta-carotene conjugation for improved anti-microbial and anti-tumor therapy for dental application.

Zinc oxide NPs (ZnO NPs) are notable in nanomedicine for their exceptional physicochemical and biological properties. This study synthesizes and characterizes beta-carotene-coated ZnO NPs (BT-ZnO NPs) for potential anti-cancer and antimicrobial applications, demonstrating significant efficacy against dental pathogens and oral cancer cells. Scanning Electron Microscopy, EDAX, UV, FTIR, XRD, and Zeta potential analysis of prepared BT-ZnO NPs revealed uniform flower-like crystalline structures with intricate morphology and an average particle size of 38.

Inhibition of Oral Biofilms and Enhancement of Anticancer Activity on Oral Squamous Carcinoma Cells Using Caffeine-Coated Titanium Oxide Nanoparticles.

The fungus Candida albicans is a prominent cariogenic fungal agent that works in association with Streptococcus mutans to accelerate the formation of oral cancer and tooth decay. This study evaluates caffeine-encapsulated titanium oxide nanoparticles (CF-TiO NPs) for their potential to prevent biofilm formation on teeth and enhance oral anticancer treatment by influencing apoptotic gene regulation. The synthesized CF-TiO NPs were characterized using ultraviolet, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analyses, and their antioxidant activity was confirmed through free radical quenching studies.

A promising class of antiprotozoal agents, design and synthesis of novel Pyrimidine-Cinnamoyl hybrids.

Malaria, caused by parasitic protozoans of the Plasmodium genus, continues to be one of the greatest global health crises, especially in Africa. The emergence of antimalarial drug resistance continues to be a health problem necessitating an urgent need for alternative and cost-effective antimalarials. Using a molecular hybridization approach, we report the design and synthesis of an efficacious novel class of antiprotozoal agents; (E)-1-(4-(4,6-diphenylpyrimidin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-3-phenyl prop-2-en-1-one derivatives (8a-r).

Exploring Bioactive Compounds of Rauvolfia tetraphylla L. (RT) for 3CLprotease of SARS-CoV2: GC-MS Analysis and In-Silico Studies.

Studies on the bioactive phytochemicals found in traditional medicinal plants are growing. This study focuses on Rauvolfia tetraphylla L. and its unique bioactive chemical composition.

Key challenges in TB drug discovery: A perspective.

Over the past 2000 years, tuberculosis (TB) has been responsible for more deaths than any other infectious disease. In recent years, there has been a recovery of research and development (R&D) efforts focused on TB drugs. This is driven by the pressing need to combat the global spread of the disease and develop improved therapies for both drug-sensitive and drug-resistant strains.

Comprehensive Analysis of Contaminants in Powdered Milk Samples Using an HPGe for γ Radiation.

: This study aimed to assess the activity concentrations and cancer risk assessments of Th and K in powdered milk samples collected from various suppliers in Pakistan, considering the increasing concern about cancer risks associated with environmental radiological effects related to food consumption. : Specific activity concentrations were determined using a high-resolution, high-purity germanium γ-spectroscopy system. : The specific activity levels of K and Th in the analyzed powdered milk samples were found to be 230.

Exploring the Recent Pioneering Developments of Small Molecules in Antimalarial Drug Armamentarium: A Chemistry Prospective Appraisal.

Malaria is a very destructive and lethal parasitic disease that causes significant mortality worldwide, resulting in the loss of millions of lives annually. It is an infectious disease transmitted by mosquitoes, which is caused by different species of the parasite protozoan belonging to the genus Plasmodium. The uncontrolled intake of antimalarial drugs often employed in clinical settings has resulted in the emergence of numerous strains of plasmodium that are resistant to these drugs, including multidrug-resistant strains.

Zinc oxide nanoparticles functionalized with cinnamic acid for targeting dental pathogens receptor and modulating apoptotic genes in human oral epidermal carcinoma KB cells.

Background: Oral diseases are often attributed to dental pathogens such as S. aureus, S. mutans, E.

Marine-derived κ-carrageenan-coated zinc oxide nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery and apoptosis induction in oral cancer.

Background: Kappaphycus alvarezii, a marine red algae species, has gained significant attention in recent years due to its versatile bioactive compounds. Among these, κ-carrageenan (CR), a sulfated polysaccharide, exhibits remarkable antimicrobial properties. This study emphasizes the synergism attained by functionalizing zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) with CR, thereby enhancing its antimicrobial efficacy and target specificity against dental pathogens.

Internal stimuli-responsive nanocarriers for controlled anti-cancer drug release: a review.

Cancer disease is one of the most frequent life-threatening, with a high fatality rate worldwide. However, recent immunotherapy studies in various tumours have yielded unsatisfactory outcomes, with just a few individuals experiencing long-term responses. To overcome these issues, nowadays internal stimuli-responsive nanocarriers have been widely exploited to transport a wide range of active substances, including peptides, genes and medicines.

Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Selenium Nanoparticles- sp. MKUST-01 Exopolysaccharide (SeNPs-EPS) Conjugate for Biomedical Applications.

Exopolysaccharides (EPS) are exogenous microbial metabolites generated predominantly during the development of bacteria. They have several biological potentials, including antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer actions. Polysaccharide-coated nanoparticles have high biological activity and are used in treatments and diagnostics.

CBPDdb: a curated database of compounds derived from Coumarin-Benzothiazole-Pyrazole.

The present article describes the building of a small-molecule web server, CBPDdb, employing R-shiny. For the generation of the web server, three compounds were chosen, namely coumarin, benzothiazole and pyrazole, and their derivatives were curated from the literature. The two-dimensional (2D) structures were drawn using ChemDraw, and the .

Development and Characterization of Bio-Based Composite Films for Food Packing Applications Using Boiled Rice Water and Shells.

Customer demand for natural packaging materials in the food industry has increased. Biocomposite films developed using boiled rice water could be an eco-friendly and cost-effective packaging product in the future. This study reports the development of bio-based films using waste materials, such as boiled rice water (matrix) and shells (reinforcement material), using an adapted solution casting method.

Evaluation of Photocatalytic, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Efficacy of Almond Oil Capped Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles.

In this study, ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized in the presence of almond oil at various molar ratios of zinc acetate and sodium hydroxide, including 0.5:1, 0.75:1, 1:1, 1.

OralNet: Fused Optimal Deep Features Framework for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Detection.

Humankind is witnessing a gradual increase in cancer incidence, emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis and treatment, and follow-up clinical protocols. Oral or mouth cancer, categorized under head and neck cancers, requires effective screening for timely detection. This study proposes a framework, OralNet, for oral cancer detection using histopathology images.

Anticorrosion, Thermal Degradation, and Hydrophobic Performances of Graphene/TiO2 Nanocomposite Coatings.

Globally, researchers have devoted consistent efforts to producing excellent coating properties since coating plays an essential role in enhancing electrochemical performance and surface quality. In this study, TiO nanoparticles in varying concentrations of 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 wt.

Cerium Oxide/Graphene Oxide Hybrid: Synthesis, Characterization, and Evaluation of Anticancer Activity in a Breast Cancer Cell Line (MCF-7).

In the present study, we used a simple ultrasonic approach to develop a Cerium oxide/Graphene oxide hybrid (CeO/GO hybrid) nanocomposite system. Particle size analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) have been used to analyze the physio-chemical characteristics of the developed nanocomposite. The synthesized hybrid system has also been examined to assess its anticancer capability against MCF-7 cell lines and normal cell lines at different sample concentrations, pH values, and incubation intervals using an antiproliferative assay test.

Explicit molecular dynamics simulation studies to discover novel natural compound analogues as inhibitors.

Tuberculosis (TB) in one of the dreadful diseases present globally. This is caused by . dethiobiotin synthetase (DTBS) is an essential enzyme in biotin biosynthesis and is an ideal target to design and develop novel inhibitors.

Self-Healing, Flexible and Smart 3D Hydrogel Electrolytes Based on Alginate/PEDOT:PSS for Supercapacitor Applications.

Hydrogel electrolytes for energy storage devices have made great progress, yet they present a major challenge in the assembly of flexible supercapacitors with high ionic conductivity and self-healing properties. Herein, a smart self-healing hydrogel electrolyte based on alginate/poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (alginate/PEDOT:PSS)(A/P:P) was prepared, wherein HSO was employed as a polymeric initiator, as well as a source of ions. PEDOT:PSS is a semi-interpenetrating network (IPN) that has been used in recent studies to exhibit quick self-healing properties with the H₂SO₃ additive, which further improves its mechanical strength and self-healing performance.

Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticle-Loaded Liposome-Based Nanoarchitectonics for Cancer Management: In Vitro Drug Release Analysis.

Silver nanoparticles act as antitumor agents because of their antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing properties. The present study aims to develop silver nanoparticle-loaded liposomes for the effective management of cancer. Silver nanoparticle-encapsulated liposomes were prepared using the thin-film hydration method coupled with sonication.

Eco-Friendly Preparation of Silver Nanoparticles and Their Antiproliferative and Apoptosis-Inducing Ability against Lung Cancer.

In the present study, the anti-proliferative and apoptotic potential of in lung cancer was assessed. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) of were synthesized using an ethanolic extract and characterized by adopting various parameters. Herein, the eco-friendly, cost-effective, and green synthesis of AgNPs was evaluated using an ethanolic extract of .

A concise review on marine bromopyrrole alkaloids as anticancer agents.

Natural products have been the most important sources of chemically diverse raw materials that have inspired pharmaceutical discoveries over the past few decades. Many pharmaceutical companies are utilizing plant extracts to develop relatively crude therapeutic formulations. The interesting chemicals identified as natural products are derived from the phenomenon of biodiversity, where the interactions between the organisms and their environment formulate the diverse and complex chemical entities within them that enhance their survival and competitiveness.

Development and Validation for Quantification of Cephapirin and Ceftiofur by Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography with Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry.

Cross contamination of β-lactams is one of the highest risks for patients using pharmaceutical products. Penicillin and some non-penicillin β-lactams may cause potentially life-threatening allergic reactions. The trace detection of β-lactam antibiotics in cleaning rinse solutions of common reactors and manufacturing aids in pharmaceutical facilities is very crucial.

Role of Natural Products in Developing Novel Anticancer Agents: A Perspective.

Cancer is a heterogeneous disease and is one of the significant health issues, especially in public health systems around the world. Natural products and their structural derivatives with outstanding chemical diversity have been investigated for potential anti-cancer agents. Many natural products revealing potential anti-cancer properties such as cytotoxicity, proliferation inhibition, induced apoptosis, retard metastasis, suppressing angiogenesis, and improved chemotherapy have been isolated from various plants and herbs.