Effects of Zinc Phthalocyanine Photodynamic Therapy on Vital Structures and Processes in Hela Cells.

This work presents results on the efficiency of newly designed zinc phthalocyanine-mediated photodynamic therapy of both tumoral and nontumoral cell models using the MTT assay. Further detailed examinations of mechanistic and cell biological effects were focused on the HELA cervical cancer cell model. Here, ROS production, changes in the mitochondrial membrane potential, the determination of genotoxicity, and protein changes determined by capillary chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry with ESI were analyzed.

5,10,15,20-Tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin Zinc and Chloro-aluminum Phthalocyanine Disulfonate in Photodynamic Therapy of Colorectal Adenocarcinoma .

Background/aim: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most widespread malignancies. One of the alternative therapeutic methods appears to be photodynamic therapy (PDT).

Materials And Methods: This study investigated the efficiency of 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin zinc (ZnTPPS) and chloro-aluminum phthalocyanine disulfonate (ClAlPcS) with two commercial photosensitive compounds 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(1-methylpyridinium-4-yl)porphyrin (TMPyP) and tetramethylthionine chloride (methylene blue, MB) in PDT for CRC in vitro.

Graphene-Based Photodynamic Therapy and Overcoming Cancer Resistance Mechanisms: A Comprehensive Review.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a non-invasive therapy that has made significant progress in treating different diseases, including cancer, by utilizing new nanotechnology products such as graphene and its derivatives. Graphene-based materials have large surface area and photothermal effects thereby making them suitable candidates for PDT or photo-active drug carriers. The remarkable photophysical properties of graphene derivates facilitate the efficient generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon light irradiation, which destroys cancer cells.

Hyperoside as a UV Photoprotective or Photostimulating Compound-Evaluation of the Effect of UV Radiation with Selected UV-Absorbing Organic Compounds on Skin Cells.

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a non-ionizing radiation, which has a cytotoxic potential, and it is therefore necessary to protect against it. Human skin is exposed to the longer-wavelength components of UV radiation (UVA and UVB) from the sun. In the present paper, we focused on the study of eight organic UV-absorbing compounds: astragalin, beta-carotene, 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, hyperoside, 3-(4-methylbenzylidene)camphor, pachypodol, and trans-urocanic acid, as possible protectives of skin cells against UVA and UVB radiation.

Photodynamic therapy: Innovative approaches for antibacterial and anticancer treatments.

Photodynamic therapy is an alternative treatment mainly for cancer but also for bacterial infections. This treatment dates back to 1900 when a German medical school graduate Oscar Raab found a photodynamic effect while doing research for his doctoral dissertation with Professor Hermann von Tappeiner. Unexpectedly, Raab revealed that the toxicity of acridine on paramecium depends on the intensity of light in his laboratory.

Biological Evaluation of Photodynamic Effect Mediated by Nanoparticles with Embedded Porphyrin Photosensitizer.

Clinically approved photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a minimally invasive treatment procedure that uses three key components: photosensitization, a light source, and tissue oxygen. However, the photodynamic effect is limited by both the photophysical properties of photosensitizers as well as their low selectivity, leading to damage to adjacent normal tissue and/or inadequate biodistribution. Nanoparticles (NPs) represent a new option for PDT that can overcome most of the limitations of conventional photosensitizers and can also promote photosensitizer accumulation in target cells through enhanced permeation and retention effects.

Synthesis of N-aryl-2,6-diphenyl-2H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridin-7-amines and their photodynamic properties in the human skin melanoma cell line G361.

A small series of N-aryl-2,6-diphenyl-2H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridin-7-amines was synthesized from easily accessible 1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3-ol via 7-iodo-2,6-diphenyl-2H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine and 7-iodo-4-methyl-2,6-diphenyl-2H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine intermediates and their subsequent use in palladium catalyzed Buchwald-Hartwig cross-coupling reaction with various anilines. Majority of the compounds were not significantly cytotoxic to melanoma G361 cells in the dark up to 10 µM concentration, but their activity could be increased by irradiation with visible blue light (414 nm). The most active compound 10 possessed EC values of 3.

Differences in the Effects of Broad-Band UVA and Narrow-Band UVB on Epidermal Keratinocytes.

Background: The sun is a natural source of UV radiation. It can be divided into three bands, UVA (315-400 nm), UVB (280-315 nm) and UVC (100-280 nm), where the radiation up to 290 nm is very effectively eliminated by the stratospheric ozone. Although UV radiation can have a beneficial effect on our organism and can be used in the treatment of several skin diseases, it must primarily be considered harmful.

The effect of two porphyrine photosensitizers TMPyP and ZnTPPS for application in photodynamic therapy of cancer cells in vitro.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is one of the treatments for cancer. This therapy uses a combination of a photosensitizer (PS), light irradiation, and oxygen O, which is converted to cytotoxic O and other forms of reactive oxygen species (ROS), causing selective damage to the target tissue. In this work, we studied effect of two porphyrin photosensitizers TMPyP and ZnTPPS at three different concentrations (0.

The application of antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation on methicillin-resistant S. aureus and ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae using porphyrin photosensitizer in combination with silver nanoparticles.

As resistance of bacterial strains to antibiotics is a major problem, there is a need to look for alternative treatments. One option is antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation (aPDI). The pathogenic cells are targeted by a nontoxic photosensitizer while the surrounding healthy tissue is relatively unaffected.

Effects of zinc porphyrin and zinc phthalocyanine derivatives in photodynamic anticancer therapy under different partial pressures of oxygen in vitro.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is gradually becoming an alternative method in the treatment of several diseases. Here, we investigated the role of oxygen in photodynamically treated cervical cancer cells (HeLa). The effect of PDT on HeLa cells was assessed by exposing cultured cells to disulphonated zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPcS) and tetrasulphonated zinc tetraphenylporphyrin (ZnTPPS).

New planar light source for the induction and monitoring of photodynamic processes in vitro.

We recently developed a new light source that allows for the continuous monitoring of light-induced changes using common spectrophotometric devices adapted for microplate analyses. This source was designed primarily to induce photodynamic processes in cell models. Modern light components, such as LED chips, were used to improve the irradiance homogeneity.

Adverse Phototoxic Effect of Essential Plant Oils on NIH 3T3 Cell Line after UV Light Exposure.

Aim: Natural or artificial substances have become an inseparable part of our lives. It is questionable whether adequate testing has been performed in order to ensure these substances do not pose a serious health risk. The principal aim of our research was to clarify the potential risk of adding essential oils to food, beverages and cosmetic products.

C-MYC and C-FOS expression changes and cellular aspects of the photodynamic reaction with photosensitizers TMPyP and ClAlPcS2.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is based on the tumor-selective accumulation of photosensitizer followed by irradiation with light of an appropriate wavelength. After irradiation and in the presence of oxygen, photosensitizer induces cellular damage. The aim of this study was to evaluate effects of two photosensitizers TMPyP and ClAlPcS2 on cell lines to obtain better insight into their mechanisms of action.

High oxygen partial pressure increases photodynamic effect on HeLa cell lines in the presence of chloraluminium phthalocyanine.

Background: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is linked with oxidative damage of biomolecules causing significant impairment of essential cellular functions that lead to cell death. It is the reason why photodynamic therapy has found application in treatment of different oncological, cardiovascular, skin and eye diseases. Efficacy of PDT depends on combined action of three components; sensitizer, light and oxygen.

The application of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy on S. aureus and E. coli using porphyrin photosensitizers bound to cyclodextrin.

Photodynamic therapy is usually used against malignant and non-malignant tumors. Nowadays, due to resistance of bacterial strains, we are looking for a new antimicrobial strategy to destroy bacteria with minimal invasive consequences. The worldwide increase in antibiotic resistance among different classes of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria has led to the search for alternative anti-microbial therapies such as antimicrobial PDT (aPDT).

Study of photodynamic effects on NIH 3T3 cell line and bacteria.

Background: Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a constantly growing challenge. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) offers a new approach to the treatment of bacterial and viral diseases. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of photosensitizers used in PDT applied to cell lines and bacterial strains.

Photodynamic therapy for enhancing antitumour immunity.

Background: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a new modality in cancer treatment. It is based on the tumour-selective accumulation of a photosensitizer followed by irradiation with light of a specific wavelength. PDT is becoming widely accepted owing to its relative specificity and selectivity along with absence of the harmful side-effects of chemo and radiotherapy.

Phototoxic effect of TPPS4 and MgTPPS4 on DNA fragmentation of HeLa cells.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an alternative method of tumour treatment. It is based on a photochemical reaction of a photosensitizer, irradiation, and O(2) which converts to cytotoxic (1)O(2) and other forms of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The comet assay (also called single-cell gel electrophoresis, SCGE) is a sensitive, simple and quantitative technique for detection of DNA damage.

Study of the photodynamic effect on the A549 cell line by atomic force microscopy and the influence of green tea extract on the production of reactive oxygen species.

We studied the morphology of the A549 cell line (human lung carcinoma cells) before and after photodynamic therapy (PDT) by atomic force microscopy. PDT was induced by an efficient light-emitting diode source with total light dose of 15 J cm(-2) in the presence of the sensitizer zinc-5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrine. In the presence of molecular oxygen, light activation of the photosensitizer, which accumulates in cancer cells, leads to the local production of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Photodynamic properties of ZnTPPS(4), ClAlPcS(2) and ALA in human melanoma G361 cells.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been approved as proper and effective kind of treatment for certain types of cancer and non-malignant diseases. We tested photodynamic effects on G361 human melanoma cells sensitized by zinc-5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-sulphonatophenyl) porphyrine (ZnTPPS(4)), chloraluminium phtalocyanine disulfonate (ClAlPcS(2)) and 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA). In particular, we examined the PDT efficiency depending on applied light dose (0.

Photodynamic and sonodynamic treatment by phthalocyanine on cancer cell lines.

Photodynamic therapy is a modality of treatment for tumors. The photochemical interactions of sensitizer, light and molecular oxygen produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as singlet oxygen, peroxide, hydroxyl radical and superoxide ion. The tumor is destroyed either by the formation of highly reactive singlet oxygen (type II mechanism) or by the formation of radical products (type 1 mechanism) generated in an energy transfer reaction.

Production of reactive oxygen species after photodynamic therapy by porphyrin sensitizers.

The objectives of this study was to investigate the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) after photodynamic therapy (PDT) in vitro. We examined second generation sensitizers, porphyrines (TPPS4, ZnTPPS4 and PdTPPS4) and compared their effectivity on ROS generation in G361 cell line. Used porphyrines are very efficient water-soluble aromatic dyes with potential to use in photomedicine and have a high propensity to accumulate in the membranes of intracellular organelles like lysosomes and mitochondria.