High-Intensity Interval Training Mitigates Sarcopenia and Suppresses the Myoblast Senescence Regulator EEF1E1.

Background: The optimal exercise regimen for alleviating sarcopenia remains uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) over moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) in ameliorating sarcopenia.

Methods: We conducted a randomized crossover trial to evaluate plasma proteomic reactions to acute HIIT (four 4-min high-intensity intervals at 70% maximal capacity alternating with 4 min at 30%) versus MICT (constant 50% maximal capacity) in inactive adults.

Preoperative exercise training decreases complications of minimally invasive lung cancer surgery: A randomized controlled trial.

Objective: Limited evidence exists regarding the efficacy of preoperative exercise in reducing short-term complications after minimally invasive surgery in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. This study aims to investigate the impact of preoperative exercise on short-term complications after minimally invasive lung resection.

Methods: In this prospective, open-label, randomized (1:1) controlled trial at Xiangya Hospital, China (September 2020 to February 2022), patients were randomly assigned to a preoperative exercise group with 16-day alternate supervised exercise or a control group.

The long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on physical fitness in young adults: a historical control study.

The strength of evidence regarding long-term changes to fitness resulting from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdowns is deficient. This two-site retrospective study aimed to investigate the long-term changes in physical fitness among young adults a year after the onset of the pandemic using a robust historical control. University freshmen who underwent physical fitness tests in 2019 and completed a follow-up in 2020 (study group) were included.

Exercise prevents fatal stress-induced myocardial injury in obese mice.

Introduction: This study aimed to explore whether aerobic exercise (AE) can prevent fatal stress-induced myocardial injury.

Methods: Thirty C57BL/6J mice were divided into either a normal diet, high-fat diet, or high-fat diet plus AE (n=10 per group). The AE protocol consisted of eight weeks of swimming.

Intermittent fasting activates macrophage migration inhibitory factor and alleviates high-fat diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Switching to normal diet (ND) is the regular therapy for high-fat diet (HFD)-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Intermittent fasting (IF) is a unique treatment which may exhibits better therapeutic efficacy. Thus, we aim to investigate the therapeutic effects of these treatments and exploring the mechanisms.

Desipramine enhances the stability of atherosclerotic plaque in rabbits monitored with molecular imaging.

Acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) promotes atherogenesis and acute cardiovascular events. We previously demonstrated ASM inhibitor desipramine attenuated oxidized-LDL-induced macrophage apoptosis in vitro. Here, we aim to determine whether ASM-mediated apoptosis in plaque improves stability in vivo.

A presumed missense variant in the U2AF2 gene causes exon skipping in neurodevelopmental diseases.

U2 small nuclear RNA auxiliary factor 2 (U2AF2) is an indispensable pre-mRNA splicing factor in the early process of splicing. Recently, U2AF2 was reported as a novel candidate gene associated with neurodevelopmental disorders. Herein, we report a patient with a novel presumed heterozygous missense variant in the U2AF2 gene (c.

A Self-Sustaining Antioxidant Strategy for Effective Treatment of Myocardial Infarction.

Myocardial infarction (MI) is the leading cause of death worldwide and can lead to the loss of cardiac function and heart failure. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a key role in the pathological progression of MI. The levels and effects of ROS are significantly different in three unique pathological stages of MI, and most antioxidants cannot make corresponding adjustments to eliminate ROS, which leads to a great compromise to treat MI with antioxidants.

Rhodiola pre-conditioning reduces exhaustive exercise-induced myocardial injury of insulin resistant mice.

Myocardial injury reduction and recovery under acute cardiac stress are adversely impacted by insulin resistance (IR). We previously demonstrated that Rhodiola improved cardiac anti-stress capacity in mice. Thus, this study focuses on the preventive efficacy of Rhodiola on exhaustive exercise (EE)-induced myocardial injury of IR mice.

Exercise inhibits JNK pathway activation and lipotoxicity macrophage migration inhibitory factor in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

The macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) expressed in hepatocytes can limit steatosis during obesity. Lipotoxicity in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is mediated in part by the activation of the stress kinase JNK, but whether MIF modulates JNK in lipotoxicity is unknown. In this study, we investigated the role of MIF in regulating JNK activation and high-fat fostered liver lipotoxicity during simultaneous exercise treatment.

Rhodiola activates macrophage migration inhibitory factor to alleviate non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Aims: Rhodiola was found to be a potential treatment for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF)-regulated lipophagy and lipid metabolism might be the therapeutic targets of Rhodiola.

Main Methods: A 16-week high-fat diet (HFD) was used to simulate a NAFLD mouse model.

Exercise intensity and energy expenditure of a multicomponent home-based training program: Xiangya hospital circuit training (X-CircuiT).

Introduction: Our previous studies showed that Xiangya Hospital Circuit Training (X-CircuiT) effectively improved physical fitness and reversed pre-frailty in community-dwelling older adults. This study aimed to explore the generalizability and applicability of X-CircuiT in different aged populations in the context of exercise intensity and energy expenditure.

Methods: We prospectively recruited 72 community-dwelling sedentary adults, twelve adults divided into 6 age groups ranging from 20 to 80 years old and separated by decades.

Prophylactic exercise-derived circulating exosomal miR-125a-5p promotes endogenous revascularization after hindlimb ischemia by targeting endothelin converting enzyme 1.

Background: Prophylactic exercise improves clinical outcomes in patients experiencing severe ischemic diseases. Previous studies have shown that exercise could alter the amount or content of circulating exosomes. However, little is known about the role of precursory exercise-derived circulating exosomes (Exe-Exo) in ischemic diseases.

Trimetazidine and exercise offer analogous improvements to the skeletal muscle insulin resistance of mice through Nrf2 signaling.

Introduction: Insulin resistance (IR) plays a key role in the pathogenesis and clinical course of patients with multiple metabolic diseases and diabetes. This study aimed to explore the effect of trimetazidine (TMZ) on skeletal muscle IR in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) and explore the possible underlying mechanism.

Research Design And Methods: In vivo, a HFD mouse IR model was adopted and TMZ and exercise were used to intervene.

Exercise activates autophagy and regulates endoplasmic reticulum stress in muscle of high-fat diet mice to alleviate insulin resistance.

Exercise training has been demonstrated as an effective therapy for insulin resistance (IR) to relieve skeletal muscle metabolic disorders. Physiologic protective autophagy was found blocked by IR induced severe endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, which may lead to progression of IR. However, the mechanisms are not fully understood.

Six-month outcomes and effect of pulmonary rehabilitation among patients hospitalized with COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Patients appear to maintain sequelae post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) affecting daily life and physical health. We investigated the changes in and the effects of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) on exercise capacity and immunology six months after COVID-19 hospitalization.

Methods: This retrospective cohort reviewed 233 COVID-19 patients admitted from 17 January 2020 to 29 February 2020.

Phosphoproteomics identifies potential downstream targets of the integrin α2β1 inhibitor BTT-3033 in prostate stromal cells.

Background: Integrin α2β1 inhibitor BTT-3033 (1-(4-fluorophenyl)-N-methyl-N-[4[[(phenylamino)carbonyl]amino]phenyl]-1H-pyrazole-4-sulfonamide) was recently reported to inhibit neurogenic and thromboxane A2-induced human prostate smooth muscle contraction, and thus represents a target with a different inhibition spectrum than that of α1-blockers in benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) treatments. Clarifying the underlying mechanisms of the inhibition effects will provide insights into the role of integrin α2β1 in prostate contraction and enable new intracellular targets for smooth muscle contraction to be explored.

Methods: ProteomeHD was used to predict and enrich the top co-regulated proteins of integrin α2 (ITGA2).

Trimetazidine and exercise provide comparable improvements to high fat diet-induced muscle dysfunction through enhancement of mitochondrial quality control.

Obesity induces skeletal muscle dysfunction. The pathogenesis of which appears to substantially involve mitochondrial dysfunction, arising from impaired quality control. Exercise is a major therapeutic strategy against muscle dysfunction.

Weight gain in Chinese youth during a 4-month COVID-19 lockdown: a retrospective observational study.

Objectives: To observe the weight change in Chinese youth during a 4-month COVID-19 lockdown, and the association between weight change and mental health, physical activity and sedentary time changes, and dietary habits.

Design: A retrospective observational study.

Settings: Two universities located in Zhejiang and Hunan provinces, China.

The Treatment of Rhodiola Mimics Exercise to Resist High-Fat Diet-Induced Muscle Dysfunction via Sirtuin1-Dependent Mechanisms.

Muscle dysfunction is a complication of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity that could be prevented by exercise, but patients did not get enough therapeutic efficacy from exercise due to multiple reasons. To explore alternative or supplementary approaches to prevent or treat muscle dysfunction in individuals with obesity, we investigated the effects of Rhodiola on muscle dysfunction as exercise pills. SIRT1 might suppress atrogenes expression and improve mitochondrial quality control, which could be a therapeutic target stimulated by exercise and Rhodiola, but further mechanisms remain unclear.

Characteristics and reference values for cardiopulmonary exercise testing in the adult Chinese population - The Xiangya hospital exercise testing project (the X-ET project).

Background: Reference values of cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX) vary with race/ethnicity. Chinese Americans are the fastest-growing racial/ethnic group in the United States. However, there is limited information about the reference values of cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX) variables in the Chinese population.

Exercise improves lipid droplet metabolism disorder through activation of AMPK-mediated lipophagy in NAFLD.

Aim: To emphasize the mechanism of the effect of exercise on lipid droplet (LD) metabolism disorder in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Main Methods: C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into three groups: The first group was fed with a normal diet (CON), the second group was fed a high-fat diet (HF), and finally group with a high-fat diet intervention and swim training (HF-EX). The total intervention period was 16 weeks.

Associations of medications used during hospitalization and immunological changes in patients with COVID-19 during 3-month follow-up.

Background: Understanding the immunological responses in COVID-19 patients during their recovery period is essential to the development of a vaccine and herd immunity.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study screened 233 patients admitted to the First Hospital of Changsha, China with COVID-19 from January 17th to February 29th, 2020. After completion of SARS-CoV2-specific immunoglobulins, and T cells tests at 2-week and 3-month follow-up points after discharge, 87 were enrolled.

Anti-insulin resistance effects of salidroside through mitochondrial quality control.

Mitochondrial quality control (MQC) and function are determinants for cellular energy metabolism, and their disorders are reported to play an important role in the development of insulin resistance (IR). Salidroside was reported to have beneficial effects on MQC through AMPK pathway; however, it is unknown whether salidroside exerts anti-IR effect with this action. This study sought to investigate the effects of salidroside on IR with an exploration of the mechanisms of its action.