Ameliorating effect of seed extract on sodium arsenite-induced testicular toxicity and hepato-renal histopathology in rats.

Background And Aim: A significant cause of arsenic poisoning is polluted groundwater. Arsenic poisoning results in the suppression of spermatogenesis and the liver and kidneys are vulnerable to the toxic effects as well. has been identified to have fertility-enhancing and anti-lipid peroxidation properties.

Development of Novel Eating Error Scoring Tool to Evaluate Adult Eating Behavior Anomalies Among the United Arab Emirates Population.

Introduction Maladaptive eating behaviors are emerging as the most significant determinants of obesity with a promising role in intervention. In the absence of a standardized tool to assess eating variations, an Eating Error Score (EES) tool was devised which comprised five zones for evaluating the severity of obesogenic behaviors as well as the specific area(s) with the highest susceptibility. This pilot study was aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of the EES in quantitating the eating behavior errors associated with excess weight and identifying the most affected zones.

Adolescent eating behaviors in the UAE: Time to intervene.

Background: Obesity is the single most burdensome lifestyle disease, which has reached epidemic proportions. This study aimed to examine the eating behavior patterns and beliefs in a group of adolescents living in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).

Procedure: A questionnaire was administered to adolescents (aged 11 and 18 years) attending outpatients' clinics at governmental health facilities.

Evaluation of the antianxiety and antidepressant activities of mosapride in Wistar albino rats.

Background The 5HT4 receptor agonists are antidepressants with a unique mode of action. Many studies have been done on investigational drugs, and mosapride has been shown to have a 5HT3 antagonistic property. In this study, we assessed the potential anxiolytic and antidepressant effects of mosapride on Wistar albino rats.

Neuroprotective Role of -acetylcysteine against Learning Deficits and Altered Brain Neurotransmitters in Rat Pups Subjected to Prenatal Stress.

Prenatal adversaries like stress are known to harm the progeny and oxidative stress, which is known to be one of the causative factors. -acetyl cysteine (NAC), which is a potent antioxidant, has been shown to play a neuroprotective role in humans and experimental animals. This study examines the benefits of NAC on the prenatal stress-induced learning and memory deficits and alteration in brain neurotransmitter in rat pups.

Impact of regulatory spin of pioglitazone on prescription of antidiabetic drugs among physicians in India: A multicentre questionnaire-based observational study.

Background & Objectives: Pioglitazone was suspended for manufacture and sale by the Indian drug regulator in June 2013 due to its association with urinary bladder carcinoma, which was revoked within a short period (July 2013). The present questionnaire-based nationwide study was conducted to assess its impact on prescribing behaviour of physicians in India.

Methods: Between December 2013 and March 2014, a validated questionnaire was administered to physicians practicing diabetes across 25 centres in India.

Response to comment on: Statin use and risk of diabetes mellitus.

In letter to the editor "Comment on: Statin use and risk of diabetes mellitus" authors found the statement "pravastatin 40 mg/d reduced the risk of diabetes by 30% in West of Scotland Coronary Prevention study" erroneous. As per our opinion the statement is right but had been referenced incorrectly.

DNA Methylation and Chromatin Remodeling: The Blueprint of Cancer Epigenetics.

Epigenetics deals with the interactions between genes and the immediate cellular environment. These interactions go a long way in shaping up each and every person's individuality. Further, reversibility of epigenetic interactions may offer a dynamic control over the expression of various critical genes.

Comparative Effect of Lisinopril and Fosinopril in Mitigating Learning and Memory Deficit in Scopolamine-Induced Amnesic Rats.

Lisinopril and fosinopril were compared on scopolamine-induced learning and memory deficits in rats. A total of eighty-four male Wistar rats were divided into seven groups. Group I received 2% gum acacia orally for 4 weeks, group II received normal saline, and group III received scopolamine (2 mg/kg/ip) as single dose.

Pattern of adverse drug reactions due to cancer chemotherapy in a tertiary care hospital in South India.

Purpose: Studies regarding pattern of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in cancer chemotherapy patients are scarce in India. This study was conducted to evaluate the pattern of occurrence of ADRs due to cancer chemotherapy in hospitalized patients and to assess the causality, severity, predictability, and preventability of these reactions.

Materials And Methods: This was a retrospective, descriptive study and the occurrence and nature of ADR, suspected drug, duration of hospital stay and outcome were noted from case records.

Aqueous penetration of orally and topically administered moxifloxacin.

Aim: To assess the intraocular penetration of 0.5% moxifloxacin hydrochloride into aqueous humour after oral and topical administration.

Methods: A prospective, interventional study of 42 patients scheduled to undergo cataract surgery was carried out.

Statin use and risk of diabetes mellitus.

The 3-hydroxy-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors, statins, are widely used in the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases to lower serum cholesterol levels. As type 2 diabetes mellitus is accompanied by dyslipidemia, statins have a major role in preventing the long term complications in diabetes and are recommended for diabetics with normal low density lipoprotein levels as well. In 2012, United States Food and Drug Administration released changes to statin safety label to include that statins have been found to increase glycosylated haemoglobin and fasting serum glucose levels.

Adverse reactions of ferric carboxymaltose.

The author reports a 55-year-old female diagnosed of chronic kidney disease grade-5 with associated co-morbidities like type 2 diabetes mellitus, diabetic retinopathy and hypothyroidism was admitted for arteriovenous fistula construction. She was started on ferric carboxymaltose for the treatment of anaemia. She was given a test dose before administering the drug intravenously and she did not develop any reaction.

Comparison of Directly Observed Treatment Short Course (DOTS) with Self-Administered Therapy in Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Udupi District of Southern India.

Background: Directly observed treatment short course (DOTS) and self-administered therapy (SAT) are the treatment options available for tuberculosis (TB). Studies conducted worldwide have shown difference in treatment outcome with these two treatment modalities.

Aim: The study was undertaken to compare treatment outcome of DOTS and SAT in patients of pulmonary TB taking SAT from a tertiary care hospital and DOTS from the DOTS centre of a government hospital.

Informed consent: Issues and challenges.

Informed consent is an ethical and legal requirement for research involving human participants. It is the process where a participant is informed about all aspects of the trial, which are important for the participant to make a decision and after studying all aspects of the trial the participant voluntarily confirms his or her willingness to participate in a particular clinical trial and significance of the research for advancement of medical knowledge and social welfare. The concept of informed consent is embedded in the principles of Nuremberg Code, The Declaration of Helsinki and The Belmont Report.

Neonatal sepsis, bacterial isolates and antibiotic susceptibility patterns among neonates.

Data from hospital records of 96 neonates hospitalised with sepsis were analysed using SPSS 11.5 version to identify sepsis--its signs and symptoms with which they were admitted, bacterial isolates and antibiotic susceptibility patterns among neonates admitted during 2007-2009. The retrospective data revealed that majority of the neonates 61 (63.

Excellent tolerance to cilnidipine in hypertensives with amlodipine - induced edema.

Background: Ankle edema is a common adverse effect of amlodipine, an L-type calcium channel blocker (CCB). Cilnidipine is a newer L/N-type CCB, approved for treatment of essential hypertension.

Aim: This study was designed to determine whether cilnidipine can produce resolution of amlodipine-induced edema while maintaining adequate control of hypertension.

Accreditation of human research protection program: An Indian perspective.

With the increasing number of clinical trials being placed in India, it is the collective responsibility of the Investigator sites, Government, Ethics Committees, and Sponsors to ensure that the trial subjects are protected from risks these studies can have, that subjects are duly compensated, and credible data generated. Most importantly, each institution/hospital should have a strong Human Research Protection Program to safe guard the trial subjects. In order to look at research with a comprehensive objective approach, there is a need for a formal auditing and review system by a recognized body.

Cortico-hippocampal salvage in chronic aluminium induced neurodegeneration by Celastrus paniculatus seed oil: Neurobehavioural, biochemical, histological study.

Objective: To investigate the effects of Celastrus paniculatus seed oil in preventing the onset of chronic aluminum induced cortico-hippocampal neurodegeneration and oxidative stress.

Materials And Methods: An animal model of senile dementia of Alzheimer's type was produced by administering aluminum as aluminum chloride (4.2 mg/kg) intraperitoneally to male Wistar rats for 60 days and results compared to untreated control.

Evaluation of the effect of Ferula asafoetida Linn. gum extract on learning and memory in Wistar rats.

Objective: Memory loss is universal and is the first symptom to manifest in majority of the patients suffering from Alzheimer's disease. This study is designed to investigate the effect of Ferula asafoetida linn. (F.

Evaluation of diuretic activity of Amaranthus spinosus Linn. aqueous extract in Wistar rats.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Traditional Siddha medicine literature claims that the Amaranthus spinosus Linn. (family: Amaranthaceae) whole plant possesses diuretic property.

Aim Of The Study: To evaluate the diuretic potential of Amaranthus spinosus aqueous extract (ASAE) in rats.

Evaluation of antiinflammatory and analgesic activities of alcoholic extract of Kaempferia galanga in rats.

Alcoholic extract of Kaempferia galanga was tested for analgesic and antiinflammatory activities in animal models. Three doses, 300 mg/kg, 600 mg/kg and 1200 mg/kg of the plant extract prepared as a suspension in 2 ml of 2% gum acacia were used. Acute and sub acute inflammatory activities were studied in rats by carrageenan induced paw edema and cotton pellet induced granuloma models respectively.

Comparison of the efficacy of carbamazepine, gabapentin and lamotrigine for neuropathic pain in rats.

Background: Neuropathic pain in cancer patients remain a treatment challenge. Many of the anticancer drugs have to be abandoned because patients develop neuropathic pain. Several antiepileptic drugs like carbamazepine, phenytoin, lamotrigine, felbamate are effective in neuropathic pain and trigeminal neuralgia.

Effect of imatinib on the biochemical parameters of the reproductive function in male Swiss albino mice.

Background: Treatment of cancers with cytotoxic agents such as tyrosine kinase inhibiting drugs often, but not always, result in transient to permanent testicular dysfunction. Germ cells are important targets of many chemicals. Most of the drugs are genotoxins and induce irreversible effect on genetic makeup.

Effect of topical phenytoin on burn wound healing in rats.

To evaluate the effect of phenytoin on burn wounds and to compare the effect of the combination of topical phenytoin preparation in dexamethasone treated burn wounds in rats, partial thickness thermal burn wounds were inflicted upon five groups of six rats each. Group I was assigned as control, Group II received the standard silver sulphadiazine, Group III was given topical phenytoin and Group IV received injection dexamethasone, Group V received the combination of the phenytoin and the dexamethasone. The parameters observed were epithelialization period, percentage of wound contraction and histopathological analysis as indicative of the process of healing.