Calcium-Sensing Receptor (CaSR)-Mediated Intracellular Communication in Cardiovascular Diseases.

The calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), a G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), is a cell-surface-located receptor that can induce highly diffusible messengers (IP3, Ca, cAMP) in the cytoplasm to activate various cellular responses. Recently, it has also been suggested that the CaSR mediates the intracellular communications between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), mitochondria, nucleus, protease/proteasome, and autophagy-lysosome, which are involved in related cardiovascular diseases. The complex intracellular signaling of this receptor challenges it as a valuable therapeutic target.