Increasing lung screening uptake: Exploring people who smoke and their family members' concerns and recommendations regarding screening invitations.

Introduction: Challenges with designing invitation materials and accessing high risk communities are all factors in encouraging attendance at lung screening. This study focused on ways to improve participation in those potentially eligible for lung screening.

Methods: A total of 50 qualitative interviews and 4 focus groups (n=17) were undertaken with people aged 50-75 years from East Midlands, UK.

Remote Symptom Monitoring in Thoracic Surgery Patients After Discharge.

Objective: Evaluate an electronic platform for remote symptom monitoring to enhance postdischarge care in thoracic surgery using patient reporting of symptoms.

Summary Background Data: Owing to the increased use of enhanced recovery after surgery protocols, patients are spending a larger portion of their postoperative course at home. For patients undergoing complex operations, this represents an opportunity for early identification of abnormal symptoms at home before deterioration.

Patient experience, understanding and self-management of asthma attacks: a qualitative study.

Rationale: Asthma attacks (AA) are potentially life-threatening complications of asthma associated with high levels of morbidity, mortality and rising healthcare costs. Patient experience, impact and understanding of AA is poorly described in the literature. Enhanced understanding will identify unmet needs in asthma care and support the development of improved personalized strategies for managing and preventing attacks.

Perceptions of children and young people in England on the smokefree generation policy: a focus group study.

Background: Modelling shows smokefree generation (SFG) policies could effectively reduce smoking rates by banning tobacco sales to those born after a specific year. Little is known about how young people perceive the legitimacy and impact of the planned SFG policy in England.

Methods: We conducted 7 semi-structured focus groups with 36 participants aged 12 - 21 (mean = 15) in England over video call and in person.

Intersecting social relations of care: a protocol for an ethnographic and interview study with South Asian people ageing in place with dementia.

Introduction: People living at home with dementia are often cared for by family members, especially those from minority ethnic groups. Many people living with dementia from minority ethnic communities face barriers to accessing formal care. However, there is a paucity of dementia research, which foregrounds diversity within minority ethnic populations.

A Comparative Study on Levels of hs-CRP and Lipid Profile in Prediabetic and Normal Population.

This study aimed to compare high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and lipid profile levels between prediabetic and normal populations and explore correlations between hs-CRP and lipid profile in prediabetic individuals. The study was conducted among Group A comprising 75 prediabetic individuals, and Group B, which included 75 non-diabetic controls from the general population. Results showed that the mean hs-CRP level in Group A (1.

Role of Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) as a Prognostic Marker in Patients with Acute Kidney Injury.

This study aimed to investigate the prognostic significance of mean platelet volume (MPV) in 50 AKI patients. Blood samples were collected according to KDIGO guidelines, and complete blood counts, including MPV, were analyzed. Significant differences in MPV were observed among patients who recovered with or without dialysis and those who expired.

Global rapid review of interventions to tackle the harms of illicit tobacco.

Objective: This review aimed to assess interventions designed to reduce harm from illicit tobacco (IT). We evaluated health outcomes, cost-effectiveness, the advantages and disadvantages of interventions, and contextual factors affecting implementation.

Data Sources: We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE databases from January 2002 to June 2024, the grey literature and undertook backward and forward citation searches of included studies without geographical restrictions.

Exploring parents' experiences, attitudes and understanding of gastro-oesophageal reflux in infants.

Background: Gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR) affects nearly half of infants. Parents play a crucial role in management but more understanding of their attitudes and experiences is needed to inform future education, support and research. This study aims to explore parental experiences, attitudes and understanding of the symptoms, diagnosis and management of infant GOR.

Attitudes and Preferences Towards Screening for Dementia with a Focus on Ethnic Minority and Low Socio-Economic Groups: A Systematic Review of Research Studies Written in the English Language.

Background: Increased understanding of dementia risk-reduction and early detection of Alzheimer's disease and related disorders has spurred interest in the identification of risks for dementia, underlying putative biologies, or dementia itself. Implementation of such approaches require acceptability to the public. Research prior to 2012 indicated limited acceptability for population dementia screening.

Paclitaxel, Ifosfamide, and Cisplatin as Initial Salvage Chemotherapy for Germ Cell Tumors: Long-Term Follow-Up and Outcomes for Favorable- and Unfavorable-Risk Disease.

Purpose: Paclitaxel, ifosfamide, and cisplatin (TIP) is an established salvage regimen for germ cell tumors (GCT) on the basis of a phase II trial, but efficacy on a large patient cohort including patients with unfavorable risk features and long-term outcomes has not been reported. Herein, we report updated treatment efficacy and long-term follow-up with TIP.

Patients And Methods: Patients with GCT who received TIP after cisplatin-based chemotherapy were eligible.

What's New in Dementia Risk Prediction Modelling? An Updated Systematic Review.

Introduction: Identifying individuals at high risk of dementia is critical to optimized clinical care, formulating effective preventative strategies, and determining eligibility for clinical trials. Since our previous systematic reviews in 2010 and 2015, there has been a surge in dementia risk prediction modelling. The aim of this study was to update our previous reviews to explore, and critically review, new developments in dementia risk modelling.

Outcomes of Patients Undergoing Segmentectomy for Occult Node-Positive Clinical Stage IA Lung Cancer.

Background: Results of recent clinical trials suggest that segmentectomy may be an acceptable alternative to lobectomy for selected patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Increased use of segmentectomy may result in a concomitant increase in occult node-positive (N+) disease on surgical pathology examination. The optimal management for such patients remains unknown.

Localization of the greater occipital nerve through palpation of bony landmarks: A cadaveric study.

Objective: to provide anatomic confirmation that standard methods which practitioners skilled in palpation use, can reliably identify the most likely site of emergence of the greater occipital nerve in most patients. The location and frequency of subcutaneous emergence of the greater occipital nerve and occipital artery with respect to the external occipital protuberance-mastoid line are reported.

Methods: The external occipital protuberance and the mastoid processes were identified by palpation bilaterally on 57 body donors and the medial trisection point of a line connecting these bony landmarks was identified.

Effects of implementation of a care bundle on rates of necrotising enterocolitis and own mother's milk feeding in the East Midlands: protocol for a mixed methods impact and process evaluation study.

Introduction: Prevention of necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) is vital for improving neonatal outcomes. Feeding own mother's milk helps prevent NEC. Rates of own mother's milk feeding in the East Midlands are lower than the national average and the incidence of NEC is higher.

Prospective study of exposure to smoking imagery in films and changes in susceptibility to smoking in a cohort of school students in Southern India.

Introduction: India has unique tobacco-free film and TV rules designed to prevent tobacco uptake. In this study, we examined the potential influence of exposure to smoking imagery in regionally famous films, on susceptibility to smoke in teenagers enrolled in schools in a district in Southern India.

Methods: A longitudinal survey of students, in grades 6 to 8 at baseline in 2017 and grades 7 to 9 one year later in 2018, ascertained prospective incident susceptibility to smoking during the study period in relation to baseline exposure to 27 locally popular films with actual or implied smoking imagery.

A Real-World Assessment of Stage I Lung Cancer Through Electronic Nose Technology.

Introduction: Electronic nose (E-nose) technology has reported excellent sensitivity and specificity in the setting of lung cancer screening. However, the performance of E-nose specifically for early-stage tumors remains unclear. Therefore, the aim of our study was to assess the diagnostic performance of E-nose technology in clinical stage I lung cancer.

Attitudes and Exposure to Illicit Tobacco in England, 2022.

Introduction: The United Kingdom has achieved reductions in illicit tobacco (IT) market size and share. However, there remains a 17.7% tobacco duty gap, contributing to health inequalities.

A New Functional Threshold for Minimally Invasive Lobectomy.

Objective: To assess the performance of a lower predicted postoperative (ppo) forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV 1 ) or diffusion capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) (ppoFEV 1 /ppoDLCO) threshold to predict cardiopulmonary complications after minimally invasive surgery (MIS) lobectomy.

Background: Although MIS is associated with better postoperative outcomes than open surgery, MIS uses risk-assessment algorithms developed for open surgery. Moreover, several different definitions of cardiopulmonary complications are used for assessment.

Developing a Vape Shop-Based Smoking Cessation Intervention: A Delphi Study.

Introduction: Providing access to a vape shop-based smoking cessation intervention may simultaneously increase e-cigarette use and increase the effectiveness of e-cigarettes for smoking cessation. The aim of this study was to identify the most important elements of vape shop-based smoking intervention to stakeholders who would be involved in delivering or accessing such an intervention.

Aims And Methods: We conducted a three-round Delphi study of vape shop staff (n = 40), stop smoking professionals and tobacco control leads (n = 30), and smokers, vapers, and dual users (n = 30) in the United Kingdom in May-August 2021.