Publications by authors named "Bailey Humber"
Background: Leptin is an adipose tissue-derived hormone that plays a crucial role in body weight, appetite, and behaviour regulation. Leptin controls energy balance as an indicator of adiposity levels and as a modulator of the reward system, which is associated with liking palatable foods. Obesity is characterized by expanded adipose tissue mass and consequently, elevated concentrations of leptin in blood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntipsychotic-Induced Dysregulation of Glucose Metabolism Through the Central Nervous System: A Scoping Review of Animal Models.
Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging
October 2024
The use of antipsychotic drugs is associated with adverse metabolic effects. Disruptions in glucose metabolism such as hyperglycemia and insulin resistance have been shown to occur with antipsychotic use, independent of changes in body weight or adiposity. The regulation of whole-body glucose metabolism is partly mediated by the central nervous system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- - Metabolic dysfunction is prevalent in schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs) and is influenced by both biological factors related to the disorder and antipsychotic (AP) medications, although the exact causes remain unclear.
- - This systematic review analyzed lipid metabolites using lipidomics to identify how lipid metabolism is affected in SSDs, focusing on individuals with minimal and typical AP exposure, leading to the conclusion that specific glycerophospholipids and fatty acyls show significant dysregulation.
- - Findings indicated that in minimally AP-treated patients, glycerophospholipids were mostly downregulated, while in AP-treated groups, fatty acyls showed conflicting results, suggesting that these lipid changes might play a role in the pathoph
Background: Nonadherence/discontinuation of antipsychotic (AP) medications represents an important clinical issue in patients across psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs). While antipsychotic-induced weight gain (AIWG) is a reported contributor to nonadherence, a systematic review of the association between AIWG and medication nonadherence/discontinuation has not been explored previously.
Method: A systematic search was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsychINFO, CINAHL, and CENTRAL databases, among others, to help identify all studies which explored adherence, study dropouts, AP switching and/or discontinuations attributable to AIWG among individuals with severe mental illness.
In rats, cannulation of the jugular vein and the carotid artery precedes the use of the hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp to determine insulin sensitivity in vivo. Here, we present a vascular surgery protocol to allow the infusion of substances via the vein and the collection of blood samples from the artery on the day of the hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp. We describe steps for preparing for and performing catheterization surgery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose Of Review: Weight gain is a disconcerting issue experienced by patients treated with antipsychotics (APs). This review summarizes current knowledge on the prevalence, etiology, and risk factors for antipsychotic-induced weight gain (AIWG), and evidence for interventions, including special considerations.
Recent Findings: Predisposing risk factors for AIWG include lack of prior AP exposure, sex, and age.