Lumbar Spine Infected by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Cryptococcus neoformans: a Rare Case Report.

Background: In July 2023, our hospital confirmed one case of lumbar spine infected complicated by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Cryptococcus neoformans. The patient was admitted due to lower back pain for 1 year and a hard lump for 3 months. Symptoms and signs: Dressing can be seen fixed on the lower back, with severe bleeding.

Trifluoromethylations of (Hetero)arenes and Polarized Alkenes Using Trifluoroacetic Anhydride under Photoredox Catalysis.

A novel trifluoromethylation of (hetero)arenes and polarized alkenes using simple trifluoroacetic anhydride (TFAA) as the low price CF source under photoredox catalysis was developed without using additives such as bases, hyperstoichiometric oxidant, or auxiliaries. The reaction showed excellent tolerance, including to some important natural products and prodrugs, even on the gram scale and extended to ketones. This simple protocol provides a practical utilization of TFAA.

Visible-Light-Induced Formation of Thiavinyl 1,3-Dipoles: A Metal-Free [3+2] Oxidative Cyclization with Alkynes as Easy Access to Thiophenes.

A visible-light-induced [3+2] oxidative cyclization of various alkynes with easily available ketene dithioacetals as the previously unknown thiavinyl 1,3-dipoles in the presence of an acridine photosensitizer is reported. A series of multisubstituted thiophenes were achieved regioselectively in ≤98% yields under very mild metal-free conditions without other additives. This reaction could tolerate a wide range of substrates and achieve good efficiency in large-scale syntheses.

Photoinduced C(sp)-H/C(sp)-H Cross-Coupling of Alkenes: Direct Synthesis of 1,3-Dienes.

A highly concise route to substituted 1,3-dienes from vinylarenes and ketene dithioacetals under photoinduced cross-coupling reaction is described. The reaction proceeded in a highly regio- and stereoselective manner and showed broad functional group tolerance. More than 35 substituted 1,3-dienes were synthesized with good to excellent yields through the construction of the Csp-Csp bond without using noble metal and external oxidants, and natural sunlight could also induce the reaction to afford gram-scale synthesis under ambient conditions.