Copper(II) aromatic heterocyclic complexes of Gatifloxacin with multi-targeting capabilities for antibacterial therapy and combating antibiotic resistance.

In recent years, the pace of novel antibiotic development has been relatively slow, intensifying the urgency of the antibiotic resistance issue. Consequently, scientists have turned their attention to enhancing antibiotic activity by coordinating antibiotics with metal elements. This study designs and synthesizes three novel antibacterial copper complexes based on Gatifloxacin.

A novel water-soluble Cu(II) gluconate complex inhibits cancer cell growth by triggering apoptosis and ferroptosis related mechanisms.

Metal copper complexes have attracted extensive attention as potential alternatives to platinum-based anticancer drugs due to their possible different modes of action. Herein, a new copper(II) gluconate complex, namely [Cu(DPQ)(Gluc)]·2HO (CuGluc, DPQ = pyrazino[2,3-f][1,10]phenanthroline), with good water-solubility and high anticancer activity was synthesized by using D-gluconic acid (Gluc-2H) as an auxiliary ligand. The complex was well characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, elemental analysis, molar conductivity, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).

Synthesis, characterization and biological activity of novel copper complexes containing a β-carboline derivative and amino acids.

Copper complexes have long been considered as a promising class of anticancer or antibacterial therapeutics. In this paper, two novel copper(II) complexes containing a β-carboline derivative and amino acids, namely [Cu(1-Im-βc)(L-Val)]ClO·0.5HO (Cu1) and [Cu(1-Im-βc)(L-Phe)]ClO·0.

Synthesis, structural studies, interaction with DNA/HSA and antitumor evaluation of new Cu(II) complexes containing 2-(1-imidazol-2-yl)pyridine and amino acids.

Copper complexes are considered as potential candidates for anticancer therapy and medical applications. In this paper, three new Cu(II) complexes, [Cu(IPY)](ClO)·HO (CuI1), [Cu(IPY)(L-Phe)HO]ClO·0.5HO (CuI2) and [Cu(IPY)(L-Val)HO]ClO (CuI3) (where IPY = 2-(1-imidazol-2-yl)pyridine, L-Phe = L-phenylalanine, and L-Val = L-valine), with good amphipathic properties were synthesized and characterized.

Corneal alteration and pathogenesis in diabetes mellitus.

The incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications have increased considerably worldwide. Diabetic keratopathy is the major complication of the cornea characterized by delayed corneal wound healing, decreasing corneal epithelial sensitivity, and recurrent corneal ulcers. There is accumulating evidence that diabetic keratopathy is correlated with the hyperglycemic state.

Reactive oxygen species mediates a metabolic memory of high glucose stress signaling in bovine retinal pericytes.

Aim: To investigate the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant mechanism underlying the metabolic memory of bovine retinal pericytes (BRPs) induced by high glucose.

Methods: Effects of high glucose levels and culture time on BRPs viability were evaluated by CCK-8. BRPs were grown in high-glucose media (30 mmol/L) for 4d followed by culture in normal glucose condition (5.

Efficacy and necessity of prophylactic vitrectomy for acute retinal necrosis syndrome.

Aim: To compare the efficacy of prophylactic vitrectomy for acute retinal necrosis syndrome(ARN) with routine treatment in Chinese patients, thereby investigate the necessity of prophylactic vitrectomy for ARN.

Methods: Thirty patients (37 eyes) were retrospectively included in this study. The eyes were divided into 2 groups by treatment, including routine treatment, which consisted of antiviral medication and vitrectomy after retinal detachment (RD) (n=21), and prophylactic vitrectomy, which consisted of antiviral medication and vitrectomy for the prevention of RD performed during the active inflammatory phase (n=16).

Survivin and p53 expression in primary and recurrent pterygium in Chinese patients.

Aim: To assess the expression of anti-apoptotic protein survivin and tumor suppressor p53 protein in primary and recurrent pterygium and to investigate the relationship between them.

Methods: Survivin was assessed immunohistochemically using rabbit polyclonal antibody and p53 using mouse monoclonal antibody in a study sample of 20 cases of primary pterygium, 10 cases of recurrent pterygium and 10 cases of normal conjunctiva. RESLULTS: In our study, 35% of primary (7 of 20) and 40% of recurrent (4 of 10) pterygium specimens were positive for survivin staining; 45% of primary (9 of 20) and 50% of recurrent (5 of 10) pterygium specimens were positive for p53 expression; and all normal conjunctiva showed no staining of either survivin or p53.

Inhibitory effect of paclitaxel on endothelial cell adhesion and migration.

The long-term success of percutaneous coronary interventions has been limited by restenosis. Therefore, local delivery of paclitaxel, an antiproliferative agent, using drug-eluting stents has been applied to prevent in-stent restenosis. However, paclitaxel not only inhibits smooth muscle cell proliferation, but also delays re-endothelialization of the damaged site, which may cause potentially life-threatening cardiovascular adverse events, especially late and very late stent thrombosis.

[The effects of caspase-3 in apoptosis of cultured retinal microvascular pericytes induced by advanced glycation end products].

Objective: One of the earliest changes observed in the development of diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the selective loss of pericytes and acellular capillaries. We tested the hypothesis that advanced glycation end products (AGE) might be involved in the disappearance of retinal pericytes by apoptosis and further investigated the activity and effect of caspase-3 at the same time.

Methods: Cultured bovine retinal microvascular pericytes (BRPs) were exposed to various concentrations of advanced glycation end products-bovine serum albumin (AGE, 0.

Advanced glycation end-products induce apoptosis involving the signaling pathways of oxidative stress in bovine retinal pericytes.

One of the histopathologic hallmarks of early diabetic retinopathy is the selective loss of pericytes. Evidences suggest that the pericyte loss in vivo is mediated by apoptosis. However, the underlying cause of pericyte apoptosis is not fully understood.

[Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of matrix metalloproteinases in subretinal fluids].

In this work, the experimental conditions for two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of subretinal fluids (SRF) matrix metalloproteinases were established. The conditions tested included the composition of lysis solution and lysis method, the composition of rehydration solution and isoelectric focusing program (IEF), the composition of equilibration buffer and equilibration process and the composition of incubation solution and incubation methods. The main equipments used were IPGphor isoelectric focusing system from Amersham pharmacia and PROTEAN II xi cell from Bio-Rad, the gel strips used were the 18 cm long, pH 3 - 8 Linear immobiline DryStrips.

[Advanced glycation end products induce apoptosis and expression of apoptotic genes in cultured bovine retinal capillary pericytes].

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to examine whether advanced glycation end products (AGE) contribute to the development of apoptosis and expression of apoptotic genes in cultured bovine retinal capillary pericytes (BRPs), in order to investigate retinal microvascular pathologic process during early stage of diabetic retinopathy.

Methods: After a 4 day incubation with various concentrations of AGE (8, 32, 125, 500, 2,000 mg/L) which were prepared in vitro by incubating bovine serum albumin (BSA) with glucose, we studied the degree of apoptosis and the expressions of apoptotic genes (Bax and bcl-2) in BRPs by staining with the Annexin V-FITC and propidium iodide (PI), terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) and immunohistochemistry.

Results: (1) After a 4 day incubation with various concentrations of AGE, BRPs showed typical changes of apoptosis, i.