Integration of mRNA-miRNA Reveals the Possible Role of in Increasing Branches Through Bud-Notching in Pear ( Rehd.).

Bud-notching in pear varieties with weak-branches enhances branch development, hormone distribution, and germination, promoting healthier growth and improving early yield. To examine the regulatory mechanisms of endogenous hormones on lateral bud germination in spp. (cv.

Regulatory mechanism of GA application on grape (Vitis vinifera L.) berry size.

Gibberellin A (GA) is often used as a principal growth regulator to increase plant size. Here, we applied Tween-20 (2%)-formulated GA (T1:40 mg/L; T2:70 mg/L) by dipping the clusters at the initial expansion phase of 'Red Globe' grape (Vitis vinifera L.) in 2018 and 2019.

Insights on the stem elongation of spur-type bud sport mutant of 'Red Delicious' apple.

The decreased capacity of auxin-, CTK-, and BR-mediated cell division and cell enlargement pathways, combined with the enhanced capacity of GA and ETH-, JA-, ABA-, SA-mediated stress-resistant pathways were presumed to be the crucial reasons for the formation of spur-type 'Red Delicious' mutants. Vallee Spur', which exhibit short internodes and compact tree shape, is the fourth generation of the spur-type bud sport mutant of 'Red Delicious'. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of these properties remains unclear.

Comprehensive genomic identification and expression analysis 4CL gene family in apple.

To clarify the structural characteristics, phylogeny, biological function and regulation of 4-coumarate-CoAligase (4CL) in anthocyanin synthesis, the 4CL gene family members in apples were identified and bioinformatic analysis was performed. qRT-PCR was used to analyze the expression levels of this gene family members in different apple varieties, and the role of the 4CL gene in apple anthocyanin synthesis was preliminaries clarified, which provided a certain theoretical basis for the regulatory network of apple anthocyanin synthesis. The results showed that a total of 69 members of the 4CL gene family were identified in the apple (Malus domestica Brokh.

Grapevine (Vitis vinifera) responses to salt stress and alkali stress: transcriptional and metabolic profiling.

Background: Soil salinization and alkalization are widespread environmental problems that limit grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) growth and yield. However, little is known about the response of grapevine to alkali stress.

Changes and response mechanism of sugar and organic acids in fruits under water deficit stress.

The content and the ratio of soluble sugars and organic acids in fruits are significant indicators for fruit quality. They are affected by multiple environmental factors, in which water-deficient is the most concern. Previous studies found that the content of soluble sugars and organic acids in fruit displayed great differences under varied water stress.

Thin layer drying kinetics and quality dynamics of persimmon (Diospyros kaki) treated with preservatives and solar dried under different temperatures.

Poor postharvest handling, microbial infestation, and high respiration rate are some the factors are responsible for poor storage life of perishable commodities. Therefore, effective preservation of these commodities is needed to lower the damages and extend shelf life. Preservation is regarded as the action taken to maintain desired properties of a perishable commodity as long as possible.

Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the EXO70 gene family in grape ( L).

EXO70 is the pivotal protein subunit of exocyst, which has a very crucial role in enhancing the shielding effect of the cell wall, resisting abiotic and hormonal stresses. This experiment aims to identify family members of the gene family in grape and predict the characteristics of this gene family, so as to lay the foundation of further exploring the mechanism of resisting abiotic and hormone stresses of . Therefore, the 'Red Globe' tube plantlet were used as materials.

MYB_SH[AL]QKY[RF] transcription factors MdLUX and MdPCL-like promote anthocyanin accumulation through DNA hypomethylation and MdF3H activation in apple.

Heritable DNA methylation is a highly conserved epigenetic mark that is important for many biological processes. In a previous transcriptomic study on the fruit skin pigmentation of apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) cv.

Whole-genome DNA methylation patterns and complex associations with gene expression associated with anthocyanin biosynthesis in apple fruit skin.

DNA methylation of anthocyanin biosynthesis-related genes and MYB/bHLH transcription factors was associated with apple fruit skin color revealed by whole-genome bisulfite sequencing. DNA methylation is a common feature of epigenetic regulation and is associated with various biological processes. Anthocyanins are among the secondary metabolites that contribute to fruit colour, which is a key appearance and nutrition quality attribute of apple fruit.

Synthesis of light-inducible and light-independent anthocyanins regulated by specific genes in grape 'Marselan' ( L.).

Anthocyanin is an important parameter for evaluating the quality of wine grapes. However, the effects of different light intensities on anthocyanin synthesis in grape berry skin and its regulation mechanisms are still unclear. In this experiment, clusters of wine grape cv.

Elevated CO concentration promotes photosynthesis of grape (Vitis vinifera L. cv. 'Pinot noir') plantlet in vitro by regulating RbcS and Rca revealed by proteomic and transcriptomic profiles.

Background: Plant photosynthesis can be improved by elevated CO concentration (eCO). In vitro growth under CO enriched environment can lead to greater biomass accumulation than the conventional in micropropagation. However, little is know about how eCO promotes transformation of grape plantlets in vitro from heterotrophic to autotrophic.

Anthocyanin accumulation correlates with hormones in the fruit skin of 'Red Delicious' and its four generation bud sport mutants.

Background: Bud sport mutants of apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) trees with a highly blushed colouring pattern are mainly caused by the accumulation of anthocyanins in the fruit skin. Hormones are important factors modulating anthocyanin accumulation.

[Situation of distribution and utilization of crop straw resources in seven western provinces, China].

Based on agricultural statistical and investigating data on farmers, amount, distribution density and amount per capita of crop straw resources of seven western provinces of China were estimated, the trends of amount dynamics from 1997 to 2011 and distribution and utilization of crop straw resources were analyzed, and the constraints of comprehensive utilizing straw resources and possible ways to improve straw utilization were discussed. Results showed that theoretical amount of crop straw resources in seven western provinces was 8.82 x 10(7) t in 2009, in which straw of cereals accounted for 63.

[Effects of different drip irrigation modes on root distribution of wine grape 'Cabernet Sauvignon' in desert area of Northwest China].

To study the effects of different drip irrigation modes on the wine grape root distribution is the basis of formulating fertilization, irrigation, and over-wintering management practices for wine grape. Taking the wine grape "Cabernet Sauvignon" as test material, this paper studied the effects of different water-saving irrigation modes (drip irrigation under straw mulching, drip irrigation under plastic mulching, double-tube drip irrigation, and single-tube drip irrigation) on the root distribution of wine grape in the desert area of Northwest China, with the conventional furrow irrigation as the control. The root system of the "Cabernet Sauvignon" was distributed from 0 to 70 cm vertically, and from 0 to 120 cm horizontally.

[Construction of a recombinant lentiviral vector of p38 MAPK and establishment of a human prostatic carcinoma cell line stably expressing p38 MAPK].

Objective: To construct a recombinant lentiviral vector for p38 MAPK and establish a human prostatic carcinoma cell line that stably expresses p38 MAPK.

Methods: EGFP/p38 fusion gene was subcloned into the lentiviral vector pTYF- EF1α-IRES-EGFP. The recombinant lentiviral vector pTYF-EF1α-EGFP/p38 was indentified by restriction enzyme digestion, and packaged in HEK 293T cells using lipofectamintm2000 with the packaging plasmid psPAX2 and envelope plasmid pMD2.

[A comparative analysis of the methods for titering adenoviruses].

Objective: To compare different methods commonly used for titering adenovirus and analyze the advantages and limitations of each method.

Methods: Four recombined adenoviruses (Ad-G-AT2R-EGFP, Ad-CMV-EGFP, Ad-mif-shRNA-EGFP and Ad-CBA-GFP) were amplified and purified, and each was titered by optical absorbance, real-time PCR, green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeled method, immunoassay, and cytopathic effect (CPE). The results were then comparatively analyzed.

[Development of the recombinant SAG1 antigen of Toxoplasma gondii by high-density fermentation and identification of its immunoreactivity].

Objective: To develop a technology for production of recombinant SAG1 of Toxoplasma gondii (T.g) in batches.

Methods: The rSAG1 of T.

Advanced oxidation protein products activate vascular endothelial cells via a RAGE-mediated signaling pathway.

The accumulation of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) has been linked to vascular lesions in diabetes, chronic renal insufficiency, and atherosclerosis. However, the signaling pathway involved in AOPPs-induced endothelial cells (ECs) perturbation is unknown and was investigated. AOPPs modified human serum albumin (AOPPs-HSA) bound to the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) in a dose-dependent and saturable manner.

[Screening and preliminary identification of mimetic peptides of Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocyte membrane surface protein 1].

Objective: To screen and identify mimetic peptides of Plasmodium falciparun-infected erythrocyte membrane surface protein 1 in order to explore anti-adhesive agent against cerebral malaria.

Methods: Phage-borne peptide KLYLIAEGSVAA was used as panning targets to select target binders in a disulfide-constrained heptapeptides library. Three rounds of biopanning were carried out and then ELISA and competitive ELISA were used to evaluate the binding character between phage-borne peptides and ICAM-1.

[Immunogenicity of a multiple epitope DNA vaccine against hepatitis B virus].

Aim: To study the immunogenicity of a multiple epitope DNA vaccine against hepatitis B virus(HBV).

Methods: A multiple epitope HBV antigen gene BPT was synthesized and cloned into eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1 and then BALB/c mice were immunized with the DNA vaccine.

[Preparation and identification of phage-displayed ICAM-1-mimic peptide].

Aim: To obtain bioactive ICAM-1 mimetic peptide.

Methods: Phages displaying P1 and P2 were prepared by phage amplication and PEG precipitation. The binding between phage-displayed peptides and anti-ICAM-1 mAb 15.

[Identification of the binding site on ICAM-1 for red blood cells infected by Plasmodium falciparum].

Objective: To identify the binding site on ICAM-1 to PRBCs in order to explore anti-adhesive agent against cerebral malaria.

Methods: Monoclonal antibody 15.2 against ICAM-1 domain 1 was chosen as target molecule to screen mimetic peptides of ICAM-1 from a 12-mer random peptide library.