The PAPSS1 gene is a modulator of response to cisplatin by regulating estrogen receptor alpha signaling activity in ovarian cancer cells.

Background: Cancer cells may develop resistance to cisplatin by various mechanisms. Yet, the exact mechanism of cisplatin in ovarian cancer remains unclear. Recent studies have shown that 3'-phospoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate synthase 1 (PAPSS1) inhibition combined with low-dose cisplatin increases DNA damage.

Targeted therapy and immunotherapy: Diamonds in the rough in the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer.

Currently, for ovarian cancer, which has the highest mortality rate among all gynecological cancers, the standard treatment protocol is initial tumor cytoreductive surgery followed by platinum-based combination chemotherapy. Although the survival rate after standard treatment has improved, the therapeutic effect of traditional chemotherapy is very limited due to problems such as resistance to platinum-based drugs and recurrence. With the advent of the precision medicine era, molecular targeted therapy has gradually entered clinicians' view, and individualized precision therapy has been realized, surpassing the limitations of traditional therapy.

Nicotinamide N-Methyltransferase: A Promising Biomarker and Target for Human Cancer Therapy.

Cancer cells typically exhibit a tightly regulated program of metabolic plasticity and epigenetic remodeling to meet the demand of uncontrolled cell proliferation. The metabolic-epigenetic axis has recently become an increasingly hot topic in carcinogenesis and offers new avenues for innovative and personalized cancer treatment strategies. Nicotinamide -methyltransferase (NNMT) is a metabolic enzyme involved in controlling methylation potential, impacting DNA and histone epigenetic modification.

Corrigendum: Long Non-Coding RNAs in the Tumor Immune Microenvironment: Biological Properties and Therapeutic Potential.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.

The role of CEMIP in tumors: An update based on cellular and molecular insights.

CEMIP was initially identified as an inner-ear specific protein in which three-point mutations cause folding changes in protein structure associated with non-syndromic hearing loss. CEMIP was also involved in other cellular activities, such as hyaluronan depolymerization independent of CD44 and other hyaluronidases. Growing evidence has demonstrated that CEMIP is involved in the progression of various tumors.

Long Non-Coding RNAs in the Tumor Immune Microenvironment: Biological Properties and Therapeutic Potential.

Cancer immunotherapy (CIT) is considered a revolutionary advance in the fight against cancer. The complexity of the immune microenvironment determines the success or failure of CIT. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is an extremely versatile molecule that can interact with RNA, DNA, or proteins to promote or inhibit the expression of protein-coding genes.

Deubiquitinating Enzymes Orchestrate the Cancer Stem Cell-Immunosuppressive Niche Dialogue: New Perspectives and Therapeutic Potential.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are sparks for igniting tumor recurrence and the instigators of low response to immunotherapy and drug resistance. As one of the important components of tumor microenvironment, the tumor associated immune microenvironment (TAIM) is driving force for the heterogeneity, plasticity and evolution of CSCs. CSCs create the inhibitory TAIM (ITAIM) mainly through four stemness-related signals (SRSs), including Notch-nuclear factor-κB axis, Hedgehog, Wnt and signal transducer and activator of transcription.

Development and Validation of a Prognostic Signature Based on Immune Genes in Cervical Cancer.

Background: Cervical cancer is one of the most common types of gynecological malignancies worldwide. This study aims to develop an immune signature to predict survival in cervical cancer.

Method: The gene expression data of 296 patients with cervical cancer from The Cancer Genome Atlas database (TCGA) and immune-related genes from the Immunology Database and Analysis Portal () database were included in this study.

Exosomes: Powerful weapon for cancer nano-immunoengineering.

Cancer immunotherapy (CIT) that targets the tumor immune microenvironment is regarded as a revolutionary advancement in the fight against cancer. The success and failure of CIT are due to the complexity of the immunosuppressive microenvironment. Cancer nanomedicine is a potential adjuvant therapeutic strategy for immune-based combination therapy.

Immunotherapy for Ovarian Cancer: Adjuvant, Combination, and Neoadjuvant.

Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy. Surgery and chemotherapy are the primary treatments for ovarian cancer; however, patients often succumb to recurrence with chemotherapeutic resistance within several years after the initial treatment. In the past two decades, immunotherapy has rapidly developed, and has revolutionized the treatment of various types of cancer.

E2F1/2/7/8 as independent indicators of survival in patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Cervical cancer is the second leading cause of death in women 20-39 years old. Because coverage for cervical cancer screening is low, and the vaccination rate of human papillomavirus (HPV) is poor in some countries, potential markers to detect the disease at early stages are needed. E2F transcription factors (E2Fs) are a family of transcription factors that function in cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and tumorigenesis.

Circulating tumor cells in precision oncology: clinical applications in liquid biopsy and 3D organoid model.

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are a rare subset of cells found in the blood of patients with solid tumors, which function as a seed for metastases. Cancer cells metastasize through the bloodstream either as single migratory CTCs or as multicellular groupings-CTC clusters. The CTCs preserve primary tumor heterogeneity and mimic tumor properties, and may be considered as clinical biomarker, preclinical model, and therapeutic target.

Long Non-coding RNA DANCR as an Emerging Therapeutic Target in Human Cancers.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as important regulators of numerous biological processes, especially in cancer development. Aberrantly expressed and specifically located in tumor cells, they exert distinct functions in different cancers via regulating multiple downstream targets such as chromatins, RNAs, and proteins. Differentiation antagonizing non-protein coding RNA (DANCR) is a cytoplasmic lncRNA that generally works as a tumor promoter.

Curaxin CBL0137 Exerts Anticancer Activity via Diverse Mechanisms.

Chemotherapy with or without radiation remains the first choice for most cancers. However, intolerant side effects and conventional drug resistance restrict actual clinical efficacy. Curaxin CBL0137 is designed to regulate p53 and nuclear factor-κB simultaneously and to prevent the resistance caused by a single target.

Overexpression of eukaryotic initiation factor 5A2 (EIF5A2) is associated with cancer progression and poor prognosis in patients with early-stage cervical cancer.

Aims: As one of the only two isoforms of the eukaryotic initiation factor (EIF)5A family, EIF5A2 plays an important role in tumour progression and prognosis evaluation. The aim of this study was to investigate EIF5A2 expression in International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage I-II cervical cancer and to evaluate its clinical significance.

Methods And Results: The mRNA and protein expression levels of EIF5A2 were analysed in 20 tissue samples of FIGO stage I-II cervical cancer and paired surrounding non-tumour cervical tissues by real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis.

DLL4 as a predictor of pelvic lymph node metastasis and a novel prognostic biomarker in patients with early-stage cervical cancer.

Delta-like ligand 4 (DLL4), one of the five Notch signaling ligands in mammals, has an important function in proliferation, invasion, metastasis, progression, and angiogenesis of malignancies. This study aimed to investigate DLL4 expression level in early-stage cervical carcinoma and to evaluate its clinical significance. We used fresh frozen and paraffin-embedded cervical cancer tissues to analyze DLL4 expression and its clinical significance.

Association of insulin gene variable number of tandem repeats regulatory polymorphism with polycystic ovary syndrome.

The present meta-analysis aimed to investigate the association between insulin gene variable number of tandem repeats (INS VNTR) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Systematic searches of electronic databases, reference lists of included articles, and the abstracts presented at related scientific societies meetings were performed. Statistical analyses were conducted using software Stata 11.

[Transvaginal endoscopic resection of rectal tumor: a report of 2 cases].

Two female patients with rectal tumor undergoing proctectomy via vagina, namely natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES), are reported. The operations were performed on June 8 and August 10, 2010, respectively. No Trocar was used in the abdomen except for the transumbilical incision.