Single-cell characterization of self-renewing primary trophoblast organoids as modeling of EVT differentiation and interactions with decidual natural killer cells.

Background: Extravillous trophoblast cell (EVT) differentiation and its communication with maternal decidua especially the leading immune cell type natural killer (NK) cell are critical events for placentation. However, appropriate in vitro modelling system and regulatory programs of these two events are still lacking. Recent trophoblast organoid (TO) has advanced the molecular and mechanistic research in placentation.

Application of a JEG-3 organoid model to study HLA-G function in the trophoblast.

The human placenta is a unique temporary organ with a mysterious immune tolerance. The formation of trophoblast organoids has advanced the study of placental development. HLA-G is uniquely expressed in the extravillous trophoblast (EVT) and has been linked to placental disorders.