A composite of pineapple leaf-derived porous carbon integrated with ZnCo-MOF for high-performance supercapacitors.

Electrochemical energy storage heavily depends on the activity and stability of electrode materials. However, the direct use of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as supercapacitor electrode materials poses challenges due to their low electrical conductivity. In this study, pineapple leaf-derived biochar (PLB) was employed as a carrier for bimetallic ZnCo-MOF, resulting in the composite ZnCo-MOF@PLB-800, synthesized through growth and pyrolysis at 800 °C.

Time and dose selective glucose metabolism for glucose homeostasis and energy conversion in the liver.

Hepatic glucose metabolism serves dual purposes: maintaining glucose homeostasis and converting glucose into energy sources; however, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. We quantitatively measured liver metabolites, gene expression, and phosphorylated insulin signaling molecules in mice orally administered varying doses of glucose, and constructed a transomic network. Rapid phosphorylation of insulin signaling molecules in response to glucose intake was observed, in contrast to the more gradual changes in gene expression.

In-situ synthesis of ZIF-8 on magnetic pineapple leaf biochar as an efficient and reusable adsorbent for methylene blue removal from wastewater.

The presence of organic dyes in aquatic systems poses a significant threat to ecosystems and human well-being. Due to recycling challenges, traditional commercial activated carbon is not cost-effective. To address this, an imidazolate acid zeolite framework-8 (ZIF-8)-modified magnetic adsorbent (ZMPLB-800) was synthesized through the in-situ formation of ZIF-8 and subsequent carbonization at 800 °C, using magnetic pineapple leaf biochar (MPLB) as a carrier.

American Ginseng for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease: A Review.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent degenerative condition that is increasingly affecting populations globally. American ginseng (AG) has anti-AD bioactivity, and ginsenosides, as the main active components of AG, have shown strong anti-AD effects in both in vitro and in vivo studies. It has been reported that ginsenosides can inhibit amyloid β-protein (Aβ) production and deposition, tau phosphorylation, apoptosis and cytotoxicity, as well as possess anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, thus suppressing the progression of AD.

Virus-like silica nanoparticles enhance macromolecule permeation .

Nanoparticle based permeation enhancers have the potential to improve the oral delivery of biologics. Recently, solid silica nanoparticles were discovered to improve the intestinal permeability of peptides and proteins transient opening of the gut epithelium. In this study, we have developed small-sized (∼60 nm) virus-like silica nanoparticles (VSNP) as a reversible and next generation non-toxic permeation enhancer for oral delivery of biologics.

In vivo transomic analyses of glucose-responsive metabolism in skeletal muscle reveal core differences between the healthy and obese states.

Metabolic regulation in skeletal muscle is essential for blood glucose homeostasis. Obesity causes insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, leading to hyperglycemia and type 2 diabetes. In this study, we performed multiomic analysis of the skeletal muscle of wild-type (WT) and leptin-deficient obese (ob/ob) mice, and constructed regulatory transomic networks for metabolism after oral glucose administration.

Trans-omics analysis of insulin action reveals a cell growth subnetwork which co-regulates anabolic processes.

Insulin signaling promotes anabolic metabolism to regulate cell growth through multi-omic interactions. To obtain a comprehensive view of the cellular responses to insulin, we constructed a trans-omic network of insulin action in cells that involves the integration of multi-omic data sets. In this network, 14 transcription factors, including Myc, coordinately upregulate the gene expression of anabolic processes such as nucleotide synthesis, transcription, and translation, consistent with decreases in metabolites such as nucleotide triphosphates and proteinogenic amino acids required for transcription and translation.

MicroRNA-302s Might Regulate ARL4C-Mediated Gastric Cancer Progression via p53 Signaling: Bioinformatics Analysis and Experiments Validation.

Background: Our previous studies demonstrate that ARL4C is the most critical clinical biomarker for gastric cancer (GC) patients among ARL family members (ARLs) and functions as an oncogene in GC. However, its underlying mechanisms in GC need to be further illustrated. In this study, we aim to explore the upstream and downstream molecular mechanisms of ARL4C in GC cells.

Trans-omic analysis reveals obesity-associated dysregulation of inter-organ metabolic cycles between the liver and skeletal muscle.

Systemic metabolic homeostasis is regulated by inter-organ metabolic cycles involving multiple organs. Obesity impairs inter-organ metabolic cycles, resulting in metabolic diseases. The systemic landscape of dysregulated inter-organ metabolic cycles in obesity has yet to be explored.

ARL4C might serve as a prognostic factor and a novel therapeutic target for gastric cancer: bioinformatics analyses and biological experiments.

The ADP-ribosylation factor-like proteins (ARLs) have been proved to regulate the malignant phenotypes of several cancers. However, the exact role of ARLs in gastric cancer (GC) remains elusive. In this study, we systematically investigate the expression status, interactive relations, potential pathways, genetic variations and clinical values of ARLs in GC.

Novel Metabolomics Serum Biomarkers for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma by the Comparison of Pre-, Postoperative and Normal Samples.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggressive human malignancies. The metabolomic approaches are developed to discover the novel biomarkers of PDAC. 550 preoperative, postoperative PDAC and normal controls (NCs) serums were employed to characterize metabolic alterations in training and validation sets by LC-MS.

SCIA: A Novel Gene Set Analysis Applicable to Data With Different Characteristics.

Gene set analysis is commonly used in functional enrichment and molecular pathway analyses. Most of the present methods are based on the competitive testing methods which assume each gene is independent of the others. However, the false discovery rates of competitive methods are amplified when they are applied to datasets with high inter-gene correlations.

Lipidomics characterization of the alterations of Trichoderma brevicompactum membrane glycerophospholipids during the fermentation phase.

The biological membrane lipid composition has been demonstrated to greatly influence the secretion of secondary metabolites. This study was conducted to investigate the periodical alterations of whole cellular lipids and their associations with secondary products in Trichoderma brevicompactum. An electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry-based lipidomics strategy was used to acquire the metabolic profiles of membrane lipids during fermentation.

Integrated Lipidomics and Transcriptomics Characterization upon Aging-Related Changes of Lipid Species and Pathways in Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Aberrant differentiations of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have proved to be associated with the occurrence of senile osteoporosis. However, mechanisms of this phenomenon relative to abnormal lipid metabolism remain unclear. This study was conducted to characterize the lipidomics alterations during BMSC passaging, aiming at uncovering the aging-related lipid metabolism that may play an important role in aberrant differentiations of BMSCs.

Metabolic profiling analysis upon acylcarnitines in tissues of hepatocellular carcinoma revealed the inhibited carnitine shuttle system caused by the downregulated carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2.

The carnitine shuttle system (CSS) plays a crucial role in the transportation of fatty acyls during fatty acid β-oxidation for energy supplementation, especially in cases of high energy demand, such as in cancer. In this study, to systematically characterize alterations of the CSS in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), acylcarnitine metabolic profiling was carried out on 80 pairs of HCC tissues and adjacent noncancerous tissues (ANTs) by using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Twenty-four acylcarnitines classified into five categories were identified and characterized between HCCs and ANTs.

Selection of small plasma peptides for the auxiliary diagnosis and prognosis of epithelial ovarian cancer by using UPLC/MS-based nontargeted and targeted analyses.

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the leading cause of gynecologic cancer-related death due to its nonspecific characteristics compared to benign cases and poor prognosis after conventional therapies. Small peptides (SPs) demonstrated to have potential for diagnosis and prognosis were focused on in our study for the discovery of biomarkers that address these issues. Metabolic profiles of 15 SPs, including nine dipeptides and six tripeptides were acquired from plasma samples of 140 EOC and 158 benign ovarian tumor (BOT) patients.