Knockout of neutrophil cytosolic factor 1 ameliorates neuroinflammation and motor deficit after traumatic brain injury.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a predominant cause of long-term disability in adults, yet the molecular mechanisms underpinning the neuropathological processes associated with it remain inadequately understood. Neutrophil cytosolic factor 1 (NCF1, also known as p47) is one of the cytosolic components of NADPH oxidase NOX2. In this study, we observed a reduction in the volume of TBI-induced brain lesions in NCF1-knockout mice compared to controls.

PD-1 inhibitor plus anlotinib for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: a real-world study.

Management and treatment of terminal metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) remains heavily debated. We sought to investigate the efficacy of programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) inhibitor plus anlotinib as a potential solution for terminal mCRPC and further evaluate the association of genomic characteristics with efficacy outcomes. We conducted a retrospective real-world study of 25 mCRPC patients who received PD-1 inhibitor plus anlotinib after the progression to standard treatments.

A Multicenter Single-Arm Objective Performance Criteria Trial to Determine the Efficacy and Safety of High-Frequency Irreversible Electroporation as Primary Treatment for Localized Prostate Cancer: A Study Protocol.

Introduction: The classical pathway for the therapy of low- to intermediate-risk localized prostate cancer is radical prostatectomy or radiation therapy, which has shown a high incidence of complications, including erectile dysfunction, urinary incontinence, and bowel injury. An alternative pathway is to perform an ablation by some energy to the localized lesion, known as focal therapy. High-frequency irreversible electroporation (H-FIRE) is nonthermal energy that can be used in cancer ablation to deliver pulsed high-voltage but low-energy electric current to the cell membrane and to invoke cell death.

Wnt/β-catenin signaling contributes to prostate cancer heterogeneity through reciprocal suppression of H3K27 trimethylation.

Intratumoral heterogeneity remains as a major challenge in the treatment resistance of prostate cancer. Understanding the mechanism of prostate cancer heterogeneity is essential for developing effective therapies. In this study, we reported the heterogeneous activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in prostate cancer.

A Nomogram Based on a TRUS Five-Grade Scoring System for the Prediction of Prostate Cancer and High Grade Prostate Cancer at Initial TRUS-Guided Biopsy.

: To evaluate the efficacy of transrectal ultrasound five-grade scoring system (TRUS-5) in predicting prostate cancer (PCa) and high grade PCa (HGPCa), compared with TRUS two-grade scoring system (TRUS-2), and establish a TRUS-5 based nomogram for the prediction of PCa and HGPCa at initial biopsy (IPBx). : Data were collected from 862 men who underwent initial TRUS-guided 12-core prostate biopsy. Age, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), percent free PSA, digital rectal examination (DRE), prostate volume (PV), PSA density (PSAD) and TRUS findings were included in the analysis.

The utility and limitations of contrast-enhanced transrectal ultrasound scanning for the detection of prostate cancer in different area of prostate.

Objective: To evaluate the ability of contrast-enhanced transrectal ultrasound (CETRUS) scanning for prostate cancer detection in different area, compared with conventional transrectal ultrasound (TRUS).

Methods: 228 patients underwent TRUS-guided prostate biopsy after examinations of TRUS and CETRUS scanning. Cancer detection between CETRUS and TRUS were compared by patient and by site in different areas (right, left; base, mid-gland, apex).

Peripheral monocyte count: an independent diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for prostate cancer - a large Chinese cohort study.

Increasing evidence indicates that inflammation may play important roles in tumorigenesis and progression, and an elevated peripheral monocyte count predicts a poor prognosis in various types of malignancies. Here, we evaluate the roles of peripheral monocyte count in the diagnosis and prognosis for prostate cancer in Chinese patients. A total of 1107 consecutive patients who had undergone prostate biopsy and 290 prostate cancer patients receiving androgen deprivation therapy as first-line therapy were retrospectively analyzed.

Regulation of Prostate Development and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia by Autocrine Cholinergic Signaling via Maintaining the Epithelial Progenitor Cells in Proliferating Status.

Regulation of prostate epithelial progenitor cells is important in prostate development and prostate diseases. Our previous study demonstrated a function of autocrine cholinergic signaling (ACS) in promoting prostate cancer growth and castration resistance. However, whether or not such ACS also plays a role in prostate development is unknown.

Biphasic regulation of autophagy by miR-96 in prostate cancer cells under hypoxia.

Autophagy favors cell survival under hypoxia, and increasing evidence revealed that microRNAs regulate autophagy. We report here hypoxia increased the expression of miR-96 in prostate cancer cells, and miR-96 stimulated autophagy by suppressing MTOR. We found that inhibition of miR-96 abolished hypoxia-induced autophagy.

SKA1 over-expression promotes centriole over-duplication, centrosome amplification and prostate tumourigenesis.

Although spindle- and kinetochore-associated protein 1 (Ska1) has previously been identified as essential for proper chromosome segregation, it is unknown whether it plays a role in tumour development. Here, we report that Ska1 over-expression promotes prostate tumourigenesis. Immunohistochemistry and quantitative RT-PCR analysis revealed that Ska1 was over-expressed in human prostatic intra-epithelial neoplasia (PIN), the most likely prostate cancer precursor, and adenocarcinomas.

miR-199a-3p inhibits hepatocyte growth factor/c-Met signaling in renal cancer carcinoma.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNAs that bind protein-coding mRNAs and negatively regulate protein expression by translation repression or mRNA cleavage. Accumulating evidence suggests that miRNAs are involved in cancer development and progression, acting as either tumor suppressors or oncogenes. It has been shown that miR-199a-3p was significantly down-regulated in several types of cancers.

[Discrepancy between radiological and pathological sizes of renal masses].

Objective: To investigate the differences between tumor sizes measured by preoperative computed tomography (CT) imaging and pathologic examination of surgical specimens in Chinese patients who received extirpative surgery for renal tumors.

Methods: From September 2008 to September 2010, 204 patients with renal tumors treated in the Renji Hospital were enrolled in this study, and their clinicopathological data were collected and analyzed. The paired Student's t-test was used to compare the mean radiological tumor maximum diameter and the mean pathological tumor maximum diameter.

[Analysis of clinicopathological features and prognosis in 68 patients with chromophobe renal cell carcinoma].

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological features and prognosis of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (ChRCC).

Methods: The clinical data of 68 ChRCC cases treated in our department between January 2003 and September 2010 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. The prognostic factors were evaluated by Log-rank test.

Active surveillance of renal masses in von Hippel-Lindau disease: growth rates and clinical outcome over a median follow-up period of 56 months.

To evaluate the natural outcome of a surveillance strategy for enhancing renal masses associated with von Hippel-Lindau disease (VHL). From January 1988 to June 2011, a watchful waiting strategy was carried out in 16 cases with 42 enhancing renal masses. Clinical data were reviewed to determine tumor growth rate, subsequent interventions, and outcome of follow-up.