Enhancing predictive accuracy for urinary tract infections post-pediatric pyeloplasty with explainable AI: an ensemble TabNet approach.

Ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) is a common pediatric condition often treated with pyeloplasty. Despite the surgical intervention, postoperative urinary tract infections (UTIs) occur in over 30% of cases within six months, adversely affecting recovery and increasing both clinical and economic burdens. Current prediction methods for postoperative UTIs rely on empirical judgment and limited clinical parameters, underscoring the need for a robust, multifactorial predictive model.

Sorafenib-mediated cleavage of p62 initiates cellular senescence as a mechanism to evade its anti-hepatocellular carcinoma efficacy.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) stands as one of the most aggressively advancing and lethal malignancies. Sorafenib is presently endorsed as a primary therapy for advanced liver cancer, but its resistance presents a formidable challenge. Previous studies have implicated a connection between post-sorafenib discontinuation rebound and the development of drug resistance, yet the underlying mechanism remains elusive.

Pathological characteristics analysis of children with intermittent and persistent hydronephrosis due to uretero-pelvic junction obstruction.

Objective: To analyze from a pathological perspective the differences between intermittent and persistent hydronephrosis in children with uretero-pelvic junction obstruction.

Methods: 23 children who underwent unilateral dismembered pyeloplasty (Anderson-Hynes operation) for intermittent hydronephrosis from September 2017 to March 2024 were included in the observation group. They were compared with a control group consisting of 23 children with persistent hydronephrosis matched for age, gender, and affected side.

TrxR1 is involved in the activation of Caspase-11 by regulating the oxidative-reductive status of Trx-1.

Sepsis is a common complication of infections that significantly impacts the survival of critically patients. Currently, effective pharmacological treatment strategies are lacking. Auranofin, known as an inhibitor of Thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), exhibits anti-inflammatory activity, but its role in sepsis is not well understood.

The role of afforestation with diverse woody species in enhancing and restructuring the soil microenvironment in polymetallic coal gangue dumps.

To elucidate the effects of long-term (20 years) afforestation with different woody plant species on the soil microenvironment in coal gangue polymetallic contaminated areas. This study analyzed the soil physicochemical properties, soil enzyme activities, soil ionophore, bacterial community structure, soil metabolite, and their interaction relationships at different vertical depths. Urease, sucrase, and acid phosphatase activities in the shallow soil layers increased by 4.

alleviates chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis by enhancing intestinal mucus barrier.

Chemotherapy-induced mucositis represents a severe adverse outcome of cancer treatment, significantly curtailing the efficacy of these treatments and, in some cases, resulting in fatal consequences. Despite identifying intestinal epithelial cell damage as a key factor in chemotherapy-induced mucositis, the paucity of effective treatments for such damage is evident. In our study, we discovered that promotes mucin secretion by goblet cells, thereby fortifying the integrity of the intestinal mucus barrier.

ReaxFF molecular dynamics simulations of methane clathrate combustion.

Understanding the ignition and dynamic processes for the combustion of hydrate is crucial for efficient energy utilization. Through reactive force field molecular dynamics simulations, we studied the high-temperature decomposition and combustion processes of methane hydrates in a pure oxygen environment. We found that at an ignition temperature of 2800 K, hydrates decomposed from the interface to the interior, but the layer-by-layer manner was no longer strictly satisfied.

Simultaneous single-cell analysis of 5mC and 5hmC with SIMPLE-seq.

Dynamic 5-methylcytosine (5mC) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) modifications to DNA regulate gene expression in a cell-type-specific manner and are associated with various biological processes, but the two modalities have not yet been measured simultaneously from the same genome at the single-cell level. Here we present SIMPLE-seq, a scalable, base resolution method for joint analysis of 5mC and 5hmC from thousands of single cells. Based on orthogonal labeling and recording of 'C-to-T' mutational signals from 5mC and 5hmC sites, SIMPLE-seq detects these two modifications from the same molecules in single cells and enables unbiased DNA methylation dynamics analysis of heterogeneous biological samples.

Effects of Setaria viridis on heavy metal enrichment tolerance and bacterial community establishment in high-sulfur coal gangue.

Plant enrichment and tolerance to heavy metals are crucial for the phytoremediation of coal gangue mountain. However, understanding of how plants mobilize and tolerate heavy metals in coal gangue is limited. This study conducted potted experiments using Setaria viridis as a pioneer remediation plant to evaluate its tolerance to coal gangue, its mobilization and enrichment of metals, and its impact on the soil environment.

The flavonoid GL-V9 alleviates liver fibrosis by triggering senescence by regulating the transcription factor GATA4 in activated hepatic stellate cells.

Background And Purpose: Liver fibrosis is a critical risk factor for the progression from chronic liver injury to hepatocellular carcinoma. Clinically, there is a lack of therapeutic drugs for liver fibrosis. Previous studies have confirmed that GL-V9, a newly synthesized flavonoid derivative, exhibits anti-inflammatory activity, but whether it has anti-hepatic fibrosis actions remains unclear.

Risk Factors of Urinary Tract Infection in Pediatric Patients with Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction after Primary Unilateral Pyeloplasty.

Objective: Ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) represents to a leading cause of fetal hydronephrosis, which is associated with urinary tract infection (UTI) and urinary stone disease. This study is aimed at investigating risk factors of UTI in pediatric patients with UPJO after primary unilateral pyeloplasty.

Methods: The records of a consecutive series of patients undergoing primary pyeloplasty at a single institution between June 2015 and November 2021 were retrospectively reviewed.

In situ restoration of soil ecological function in a coal gangue reclamation area after 10 years of elm/poplar phytoremediation.

The soil ecological health risks and toxic effects of coal gangue accumulation were examined after 10 years of elm/poplar phytoremediation. The changes in soil enzyme activities, ionome metabolism, and microbial community structure were analyzed at shallow (5-15 cm), intermediate (25-35 cm), and deep (45-55 cm) soil depths. Soil acid phosphatase activity in the restoration area increased significantly by 4.

Effect of Cage Occupancy on Stability and Decomposition of Methane Hydrate.

Gas hydrates usually contain a certain number of empty cages that will both affect the hydrate stability and reduce the gas storage capacity. In this work, by MD simulations, we found that the hydrate stability is related to the cage occupancy, the empty cage types, and especially the distribution of empty cages. With the decrease of overall occupancy, the stability of hydrate becomes worse.

ALDOA maintains NLRP3 inflammasome activation by controlling AMPK activation.

ALDOA: aldolase A; AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase; ATG: autophagy related; ATG5: autophagy related 5; ATP: adenosine triphosphate; BMDMs: bone marrow-derived macrophages; CALCOCO2: calcium binding and coiled-coil domain 2; CASP1: caspase 1; CQ: chloroquine; FOXO3: forkhead box O3; IL1B: interleukin 1 beta; LPS: lipopolysaccharide; MAP1LC3B/LC3B: microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta; MT: mutant; mtDNA: mitochondrial DNA; MTORC1: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase complex 1; mtROS: mitochondrial reactive oxygen species; NLRP3: NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3; OPTN: optineurin; PBS: phosphate-buffered saline; PRKN/Parkin: parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase; SN: supernatant; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; STK11/LKB1: serine/threonine kinase 11; TOMM20: translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 20; ULK1: unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1; v-ATPase: vacuolar type H+-ATPase; WT: wild-type.

Complete chloroplast genome sequence of 'Field Muskmelon,' an invasive weed to China.

L. var. Naud.

Advances in single-cell multi-omics profiling.

Single-cell profiling methods are developed to dissect heterogeneity of cell populations. Recently, multiple enzymatic or chemical treatments have been integrated into single-cell multi-omics profiling methods with high compatibility. These methods have been verified to identify rare or new cell types with high confidence.

Ggct (γ-glutamyl cyclotransferase) plays an important role in erythrocyte antioxidant defense and red blood cell survival.

The expression of GGCT (γ-glutamyl cyclotransferase) is upregulated in various human cancers. γ-glutamyl cyclotransferase enzyme activity was originally purified from human red blood cells (RBCs), but the physiological function of GGCT in RBCs is still not clear. Here we reported that Ggct deletion in mice leads to splenomegaly and progressive anaemia phenotypes, due to elevated oxidative damage and the shortened life span of Ggct RBCs.

Tissue-specific 5-hydroxymethylcytosine landscape of the human genome.

5-Hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) is an important epigenetic mark that regulates gene expression. Charting the landscape of 5hmC in human tissues is fundamental to understanding its regulatory functions. Here, we systematically profiled the whole-genome 5hmC landscape at single-base resolution for 19 types of human tissues.

Oroxylin A maintains the colonic mucus barrier to reduce disease susceptibility by reconstituting a dietary fiber-deprived gut microbiota.

Dietary fiber intake helps to maintain gut homeostasis. Fiber deficiency causes commensals to utilize mucins as an energy source to destroy mucus layer, thus promoting susceptibility to inflammatory bowel disease. Here, we reported that oroxylin A, a natural flavonoid, ameliorated low-grade colonic inflammation caused by fiber deficiency, alleviated colitis, and further prevented colitis-associated colon cancer in mice.

Induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by CPUC002 through stabilization of p53 and suppression of STAT3 signaling pathway in multiple myeloma.

Multiple myeloma has always been an important health problem in human beings due to its high morbidity, high mortality, and lack of effective therapeutic drugs. This study investigated the anticancer effect and mechanism of the newly synthesized small molecule compound CPUC002 on multiple myeloma. Our results confirmed that CPUC002 inhibited proliferation and induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in multiple myeloma cells.

Triggering apoptosis by oroxylin A through caspase-8 activation and p62/SQSTM1 proteolysis.

Emerging evidence suggests that oroxylin A exhibits antitumor effects by inducing cell apoptosis. However, the involved molecular mechanisms have not been elucidated. Here we report that the apoptosis induced by oroxylin A was dependent on p62-mediated activation of caspase-8 in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Methane Hydrate Decomposition in the Presence of Alcohol Additives.

The decomposition process of methane hydrate in pure water and methanol aqueous solution was studied by molecular dynamics simulation. The effects of temperature and pressure on hydrate structure and decomposition rate are discussed. The results show that decreasing pressure and increasing temperature can significantly enhance the decomposition rate of hydrate.