Manifestation of spatially varying demarcations in Indian rainfall trends through change-point analysis (1901-2020).

The rainfall over the Indian region, governed majorly by the monsoonal flow, is a point of research in the perspective of climate change. In this paper, we compute the change points in the rainfall series at every grid of the India Meteorological Department (IMD) daily gridded rainfall data for a period of 120 years (1901 to 2020). The map shows clearly demarcated regions indicating different zones, where the rainfall statistics have altered at different periods.

Glaciohydrology of the Himalaya-Karakoram.

Understanding the response of Himalayan-Karakoram (HK) rivers to climate change is crucial for ~1 billion people who partly depend on these water resources. Policy-makers tasked with sustainable water resources management require an assessment of the rivers' current status and potential future changes. We show that glacier and snow melt are important components of HK rivers, with greater hydrological importance for the Indus basin than for the Ganges and Brahmaputra basins.

Satellite-observed glacier recession in the Kashmir Himalaya, India, from 1980 to 2018.

The study, first of its kind in the Kashmir Valley, uses a time series of satellite data (1980-2018) to determine the glacier health, which is critical for sustaining the perenniality of the rivers originating from the area. The role of topography, morphology and climate on the observed glacier recession was investigated. In total, 147 glaciers were mapped from 1980 image; ~ 72% of the glaciers have area ≤ 3 km and a majority of them (123) are having size < 1 km.