Frequency Determination of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella Pneumoniae (CRKP) Isolated from hospitals in Isfahan of Iran and Evaluation of Synergistic Effect of Colistin and Meropenem on them.

Overuse and misuse of Carbapenems among Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates have caused Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella Pneumonia (CRKP) during recent years. Colistin is one of the last available options, and there are increasing concerns about the dosage and resistance to this agent in long-term monotherapies. This study was designed to identification of carbapenemase producing isolates of K.

Evaluation of Polymerase Chain Reaction for Detecting Coliform Bacteria in Drinking Water Sources.

Background: Coliform bacteria are used as indicator organisms for detecting fecal pollution in water. Traditional methods including microbial culture tests in lactose-containing media and enzyme-based tests for the detection of β-galactosidase; however, these methods are time-consuming and less specific. The aim of this study was to evaluate polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detecting coliform.

Distribution of the Strains of Multidrug-resistant, Extensively Drug-resistant, and Pandrug-resistant Isolates from Burn Patients.

Background: is an opportunistic and Gram-negative pathogen that is used as the most important factor in burn wound infections, and due to the rapid acquisition of multidrug resistance (MDR), it causes high mortality rates in these sectors. Thus, diagnosis and assessment of antibiotic resistance patterns are very important in these patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate antibiotic resistance pattern and determining MDR.

Isolation of toxigenic Clostridium difficile from ready-to-eat salads by multiplex polymerase chain reaction in Isfahan, Iran.

Background: Since 2003, the incidence of community associated Clostridium difficile infection (CA-CDI) has increased; different types of food have been supposed to be the vectors of C. difficile strains. The purpose of this study is to investigate the occurrence of C.

Efflux pump regulatory genes mutations in multidrug resistance Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from wound infections in Isfahan hospitals.

Background: Multidrug resistance Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MDR-P. aeruginosa) is a worldwide threat for public health. Hyperexpression of efflux pump systems (MexAB-OprM and MexCD-OprJ), which is a well-known mechanisms for MDR emerging, is controlled by regulatory genes, mexR and nfxB, respectively.

Detection of rifampin resistance patterns in Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isolated in Iran by polymerase chain reaction-single-strand conformation polymorphism and direct sequencing methods.

Mutations in the rpoB locus confer conformational changes leading to defective binding of rifampin (RIF) to rpoB and consequently resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Polymerase chain reaction-single-strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) was established as a rapid screening test for the detection of mutations in the rpoB gene, and direct sequencing has been unambiguously applied to characterize mutations. A total of 37 of Iranian isolates of M.