Immune Regulatory Circular RNAs, circRasGEF1B and circHIPK3, are Upregulated in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of COVID-19 Patients.

COVID-19 is one of the worst pandemics worldwide, and its diagnosis and treatment are of great importance. Recent evidence has shown that circular RNA (circRNA deregulation is involved in different infectious diseases. In the present study, we tried to investigate the expression of cirRNAs RasGEF1B (hsa_circ_0127052), HIPK3 (hsa_circ_100783), and GATAD2A (hsa_circ_0050236) in COVID-19 patients.

Evaluation of S100A12 and Apo-A1 plasma level potency in untreated new relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients and their family members.

Multiple sclerosis is an inflammatory disease of the spinal cord and brain. Receptor for advanced glycation end products and Apolipoprotein A1 (Apo-AI) have been recommended to have a pathogenic role in the neuroinflammatory disorder as multiple sclerosis. The purpose of this research was to measure the plasma levels of S100A12 and Apo-A1 in the first-degree family of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients.

Interictal levels of calcitonin gene related peptide in gingival crevicular fluid of chronic migraine patients.

Calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) is a mediator of neurogenic inflammation playing a major role in the pathogenesis of migraine. Increases in serum CGRP have been detected previously in migraineurs and a return to baseline values regarded as successful treatment. As gingival crevicular fluid is known to originate from the serum, the aim of this study is to measure the CGRP content of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in chronic migraine patients and to determine whether there is a correlation between serum and GCF values of CGRP.

IFN-γ and IL-2 Responses to Recombinant AlaDH against ESAT-6/CFP-10 Fusion Antigens in the Diagnosis of Latent versus Active Tuberculosis Infection.

Background: Discriminating latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) from active TBI may be challenging. The objective of this study was to produce the recombinant L-alanine dehydrogenase (AlaDH) antigen and evaluate individuals with LTBI, those with active TBI, and uninfected individuals by enzyme-linked immunospot assay (ELISPOT) in order to distinguish LTBI from active TBI.

Methods: This exploratory study was performed in the Iranian city of Shiraz from 2014 to 2015.

Macrophage Immune Response Suppression by Recombinant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Antigens, the ESAT-6, CFP-10, and ESAT-6/CFP-10 Fusion Proteins.

Background: Macrophage immune responses are affected by the secretory proteins of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). This study aimed to examine the immune responses of macrophages to Mtb secretory antigens, namely ESAT-6, CFP-10, and ESAT-6/CFP-10.

Methods: THP-1 cells (a human monocytic cell line) were cultured and differentiated to macrophages by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate.