IEPA, a novel radiation countermeasure, alleviates acute radiation syndrome in rodents.

Repurposing therapeutic agents with existing clinical data is a common strategy for developing radiation countermeasures. IEPA (imidazolyl ethanamide pentandioic acid) is an orally bioavailable small molecule pseudopeptide with myeloprotective properties, a good clinical safety profile, and stable chemical characteristics facilitating stockpiling. Here, we evaluated IEPA's radiomitigative efficacy in the hematopoietic subsyndrome of acute radiation syndrome (H-ARS) using total-body irradiation (TBI) models in C57BL/6J mice and WAG/RijCmcr rats, applying various posology schemes and introducing syringe feeding of the IEPA formulation in the pudding.

Tyrosine hydroxylase variants influence protein expression, cellular localization, stability, enzymatic activity and the physical interaction between tyrosine hydroxylase and GTP cyclohydrolase 1.

Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) is the rate-limiting enzyme in dopamine biosynthesis catalyzing the tetrahydrobiopterin (BH)-dependent hydroxylation of tyrosine to L-DOPA. Here, we analyzed 25 TH variants associated with various degrees of dopa-responsive dystonia and evaluate the effect of each variant on protein stability, activity and cellular localization. Furthermore, we investigated the physical interaction between TH and human wildtype (wt) GTP cyclohydrolase 1 (GTPCH) and the effect of variants on this interaction.

Corrigendum: Applications and techniques for fast machine learning in science.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fdata.2022.

Corrigendum: Heterogeneities in the latent functions of employment: new findings from a large-scale German survey.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.

Perceived facilitators and barriers to the provision of sexual and reproductive health services in response to the Syrian refugee crisis in Lebanon.

Background: The Syrian crisis has resulted in one of the worst humanitarian disasters in modern history. Inadequate access to and use of sexual and reproductive health services is a prevailing issue among adolescent girls and young refugee women in humanitarian settings.

Objectives: This article aimed to explore and describe the perceived extent of implementation of the different objectives and activities outlined within the minimum initial service package for reproductive health in crisis services in Lebanon, from the perspectives of a diverse set of stakeholders from leading organizations (public, private, primary health centers, nongovernmental organizations) that were directly engaged with the Syrian refugee crisis response.

Interspecific coral competition does not affect the symbiosis of gall crabs (Decapoda: Cryptochiridae) and their scleractinian hosts.

Coral reefs accommodate a myriad of species, many of which live in association with a host organism. Decapod crustaceans make up a large part of this associated fauna on coral reefs. Among these, cryptochirid crabs are obligately associated with scleractinian corals, in which they create dwellings where they permanently reside.

Heterogeneities in the latent functions of employment: New findings from a large-scale German survey.

Building on social psychologist Marie Jahoda's pioneering work, the psychological literature has shown that work fulfills both manifest functions (e.g., monetary returns) and latent functions (e.

Aqueous Ginger () Extract Ameliorates the Harmful Effects of High-Dose Lornoxicam in Albino Male Rats.

Lornoxicam is a potent oxicam-class nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic effects. Its impacts on many biological functions are not fully understood. We measured various biomarkers in male albino rats provided an oral aqueous ginger extract before IM administration of therapeutic and 2× the therapeutic doses of lornoxicam.

Applications and Techniques for Fast Machine Learning in Science.

In this community review report, we discuss applications and techniques for machine learning (ML) in science-the concept of integrating powerful ML methods into the real-time experimental data processing loop to accelerate scientific discovery. The material for the report builds on two workshops held by the Fast ML for Science community and covers three main areas: applications for fast ML across a number of scientific domains; techniques for training and implementing performant and resource-efficient ML algorithms; and computing architectures, platforms, and technologies for deploying these algorithms. We also present overlapping challenges across the multiple scientific domains where common solutions can be found.

Comprehensive genomic analysis of refractory multiple myeloma reveals a complex mutational landscape associated with drug resistance and novel therapeutic vulnerabilities.

The outcomes of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) refractory to immunomodulatory agents (IMiDs) and proteasome inhibitors (PIs) remain poor. In this study, we performed whole genome and transcriptome sequencing of 39 heavily pretreated relapsed/refractory MM (RRMM) patients to identify mechanisms of resistance and potential therapeutic targets. We observed a high mutational load and indications of increased genomic instability.

Impact of antibiotics on spermatozoa quality and bacterial load of chilled-stored camels (Camelus dromedarius) semen.

This experiment was conducted to assess the effect of different antibiotics in tris-fructose egg yolk-based diluent on bacterial load and sperm quality of dromedary camels during processing and cold storage. Ten semen ejaculates were collected from five male dromedary camels. Each sample was fractioned into four equally divided aliquots and diluted in one of four tris-fructose egg yolk.

Biosynthesized Iron Oxide Nanoparticles from Leaf Extract Mitigate Lead-Acetate-Induced Anemia in Male Albino Rats: Hematological, Biochemical and Histopathological Features.

This study aimed to investigate the ameliorative effects of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) prepared from leaf extract of compared to those prepared using a chemical method in lead-acetate-induced anemic rats. Twenty rats were divided into four groups (five rats each). Throughout the experimental period (8 weeks), the rats in group 1 were not given any therapy.

Effectiveness of home health care in reducing return to hospital: Evidence from a multi-hospital study in the US.

Background: Home health care, a commonly used bridge strategy for transitioning from hospital to home-based care, is expected to contribute to readmission avoidance efforts. However, in studies using disease-specific samples, evidence about the effectiveness of home health care in reducing readmissions is mixed.

Objective: To examine the effectiveness of home health care in reducing return to hospital across a diverse sample of patients discharged home following acute care hospitalization.

Enrichment of Broiler Chickens' Meat with Dietary Linseed Oil and Lysine Mixtures: Influence on Nutritional Value, Carcass Characteristics and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of four combinations of dietary linseed oil and lysine mixtures on performance, fatty and amino acid profiles, oxidative stress biomarkers, cell energy and meat quality parameters of broiler chickens. One hundred and sixty broiler chicks were allocated into four groups. Birds of groups 1-4 were fed diets containing optimum lysine and 2% of linseed oil, optimum lysine and 4% of linseed oil, high lysine and 2% of linseed oil, and high lysine and 4% of linseed oil, respectively, for a period of 35 days.

Impact of Dietary Betaine and Metabolizable Energy Levels on Profiles of Proteins and Lipids, Bioenergetics, Peroxidation and Quality of Meat in Japanese Quail.

Three different diets were formulated with three levels of metabolizable energy (ME) (optimum; 2900, restricted; 2800 and low; 2700 kcal ME/kg diet) without or with (0 and 0.15%) betaine supplementation in 2 × 3 factorial design to evaluate the effect of six experimental diets on performance, proteins and lipids profiles, bioenergetics, peroxidation and meat quality of Japanese quail. Therefore, 360 quails allocated into six groups in a 23-day experiment.

Influence of Dietary Garlic () and/or Ascorbic Acid on Performance, Feed Utilization, Body Composition and Hemato-Biochemical Parameters of Juvenile Asian Sea Bass ().

The current study investigated effects of garlic () and/or ascorbic acid on growth performance, feed utilization, biochemical body composition, and hemato-biochemical parameters of juvenile Asian sea bass. A total of 600 fish (43.14 ± 0.

Clinical nurses' perspectives on discharge practice changes from participating in a translational research study.

Aim: To describe clinical nurses' experiences with practice change associated with participation in a multi-site nursing translational research study implementing new protocols for hospital discharge readiness assessment.

Background: Nurses' participation in translational research studies provides an opportunity to evaluate how implementation of new nursing interventions affects care processes within a local context. These insights can provide information that leads to successful adoption and sustainability of the intervention.

Impact of dietary zinc oxide nanoparticles on selected serum biomarkers, lipid peroxidation and tissue gene expression of antioxidant enzymes and cytokines in Japanese quail.

Background: The use of zinc oxide in the form of nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) is of great benefit due to its potent effectiveness and higher bioavailability compared to zinc oxide. This study aimed to investigate the impact of dietary inclusion of different doses of ZnO-NPs on selected serum biomarkers, lipid peroxidation and tissue gene expression of antioxidant enzymes and cytokines in Japanese quail. Eighty Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica) (45 days old) were randomly divided into four groups (20 birds for each) with 4 replicates (5 birds each).

Using the consolidated framework for implementation research to evaluate clinical trials: An example from multisite nursing research.

Background: The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) is a comprehensive guide for determining the factors that affect successful implementation of complex interventions embedded in real-time clinical practice.

Purpose: The study aim was to understand implementation constructs in a multi-site translational research study on readiness for hospital discharge that distinguished study sites with low versus high implementation fidelity.

Methods: In this descriptive study, site Principal Investigator interviews (from 8 highest and 8 lowest fidelity sites) were framed with questions from 20 relevant CFIR constructs.

Effect of Dietary Microalgae on Growth Performance, Profiles of Amino and Fatty Acids, Antioxidant Status, and Meat Quality of Broiler Chickens.

The study used 96 broiler chickens to evaluate the impact of three species of microalgae on performance, profiles of fatty and amino acids, antioxidants, and meat quality of breast muscles. Birds were divided into four groups (24 birds/each) with 4 replicates (6 birds each). Birds in the first group were fed basal diet and served as a control (C).

Selective Enzymatic Oxidation of Silanes to Silanols.

Compared to the biological world's rich chemistry for functionalizing carbon, enzymatic transformations of the heavier homologue silicon are rare. We report that a wild-type cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (P450 from Bacillus megaterium, CYP102A1) has promiscuous activity for oxidation of hydrosilanes to give silanols. Directed evolution was applied to enhance this non-native activity and create a highly efficient catalyst for selective silane oxidation under mild conditions with oxygen as the terminal oxidant.

Nurse Continuity at Discharge and Return to Hospital.

Background: Promoting continuity of nurse assignment during discharge care has the potential to increase patient readiness for discharge-which has been associated with fewer readmissions and emergency department visits. The few studies that examined nurse continuity during acute care hospitalizations did not focus on discharge or postdischarge outcomes.

Objectives: The aim of this research was to examine the association of continuity in nurse assignment to patients prior to hospital discharge with return to hospital (readmission and emergency department or observation visits), including exploration of the mediating pathway through patient readiness for discharge and moderating effects of unit environment and unit nurse characteristics.

Season's Effects on Some Clinical, Hematological Parameters and Blood Cortisol Level in Sedated Arabian Horses With Xylazine.

Influence of heat or cold stress in sedated animals is unclear and requires further investigations. The present study aimed to evaluate the season's effects on some clinical, hematological parameters and blood cortisol level in sedated Arabian horses with xylazine. Therefore, seven Arabian horses were used to investigate heart and respiratory rates, and capillary refill time and serum cortisol level were recorded before (0) and at 5, 15, 60, and 180 minutes postsedation.

Cost-benefit analysis of a projected national human papilloma virus vaccination programme in Lebanon.

Background: The adoption of a population-based human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccination programme is debated in Lebanon on epidemiological, sociocultural, logistical and economic grounds.

Aims: This cost-benefit analysis contributes to generating quantitative evidence necessary for a decision regarding costs through locally available data.

Methods: The 2 sides of the cost-benefit analysis equation are: estimation of the cost of HPV vaccination campaigns targeting 11 year-old girls, using the cheapest vaccine in 2016 and estimation of the management cost for treatment of a yearly average case-load for cervical cancer.