Barriers and Facilitators in Using Surface Electromyography in Swallowing Management: An Implementation Science Study.

Purpose: This study aimed to identify clinician-perceived barriers and facilitators before the implementation of surface electromyography (sEMG) for swallowing management, implement sEMG biofeedback in swallowing rehabilitation sessions using implementation strategies, and investigate the perceived benefits and drawbacks after the implementation of the sEMG device from the perspectives of speech-language pathologists (SLPs).

Method: An initial pre-implementation survey characterized the SLPs' practices in swallowing management regarding the use of biofeedback modalities as well as facilitators and barriers to the implementation of sEMG. In the implementation phase, six SLPs attended educational and training meetings, tested, and used sEMG with patients during their swallowing sessions.

Profile of interstitial cells of Cajal in a murine model of chagasic megacolon.

Disorders of gastrointestinal motility are the major physiologic problem in chagasic megacolon. The contraction mechanism is complex and controlled by different cell types such as enteric neurons, smooth muscle, telocytes, and an important pacemaker of the intestine, the interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs). The role of ICCs in the progression of acute and chronic Chagas disease remains unclear.

In vitro assessment of the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of clarified açai (Euterpe oleracea MART) extract in a gastric cancer cell line (AGP01 cells).

Açaí (Euterpe oleracea MART) is a fruit of great importance for the Amazon region in nutritional, cultural and socioeconomic terms. In recent years, açaí has been the subject of several studies due to its beneficial properties for health, including effects against tumor cells. Therefore, the present work aimed to evaluate in vitro the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of the clarified extract of açaí juice in a human metastatic gastric cancer cell line (AGP01 cells).

Three-dimensional assessment of the maxilla after modified surgically assisted rapid expansion: a retrospective study.

Objective: This retrospective study aims to assess the three-dimensional dentoskeletal effects and median palatal suture opening pattern in patients undergoing modified surgically assisted maxillary rapid expansion (SARME) without pterygoid plate detachment.

Methods: Twenty-eight patients submitted to modified SARME between 2009 and 2016 were retrospectively evaluated through cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Dental and skeletal measurements were taken at three different operative periods (before the expansion - T0; at the end of the activation of the Hyrax device - T1; and six months after the immobilization of the device - T2).

Environmental health of water bodies from a Brazilian Amazon Metropolis based on a conventional and metagenomic approach.

Aims: The present study aimed to use a conventional and metagenomic approach to investigate the microbiological diversity of water bodies in a network of drainage channels and rivers located in the central area of the city of Belém, northern Brazil, which is considered one of the largest cities in the Brazilian Amazon.

Methods And Results: In eight of the analyzed points, both bacterial and viral microbiological indicators of environmental contamination-physical-chemical and metals-were assessed. The bacterial resistance genes, drug resistance mechanisms, and viral viability in the environment were also assessed.

Evaluating Anterior and Posterior Oral Tongue Contributions to Pressure Generation: A Comparison Between Regular and Effortful Saliva Swallows.

Purpose: This study determined the contributions of the anterior and posterior tongue regions in tongue pressure generation during regular saliva swallows (SSs) and effortful swallows (ESs) completed under two different instructions. The association between tongue pressure and perceived effort to swallow was also examined.

Method: Forty healthy adults without swallowing disorders participated in this study, divided into two age groups: 20 younger ( = 21.

antigen detection in blood to assess treatment efficacy and cure in mice models of Chagas disease.

Introduction: Chagas disease (CD) is caused by the protozoan parasite . Although endemic mainly in Latin America, CD has become a global public health problem due to migration of infected individuals to non-endemic regions. Despite progress made in drug development, preclinical assays for drug discovery are required to accelerate the development of new drugs with reduced side effects, which are much needed for human treatment.

Hyolaryngeal Movement During Normal and Effortful Swallows Determined During Ultrasonography.

Purpose: This study investigated (a) the effects of the effortful swallow under two different instructions (tongue emphasis vs. pharyngeal squeezing) on hyoid displacement and hyoid-larynx approximation, (b) the association between tongue pressure and hyolaryngeal movement during normal swallowing and the effortful swallow produced with tongue emphasis, and (c) age-related differences in hyolaryngeal movement during normal and effortful swallows (tongue emphasis vs. pharyngeal squeezing) in healthy individuals.

Surface Electromyographic Activity of the Masseter Muscle During Regular and Effortful Saliva Swallows: A Preliminary Study.

Biofeedback is a critical component in motor learning of new, complex behaviors such as modifications to swallowing. Surface electromyography (sEMG) is a commonly employed biofeedback tool in swallowing management to assess muscle activity patterns, determine amplitude and duration of swallowing, and train swallowing strategies such as the effortful swallow (EFS) maneuver. The EFS can potentially change multiple physiological components of the swallowing process such as pressure generation and movement of biomechanical structures.

Brazilian Portuguese Adaptation and Validation of the Language Screening Test for Poststroke Patients.

Background: There is a lack of standardized assessment tools for poststroke aphasia in Brazil, particularly bedside screenings for early identification of patients with suspected language disorders. The Language Screening Test (LAST) is a valid and reliable method for screening hospitalized patients following a stroke. This tool was first developed in French and then translated and validated in other languages.

Artesunate does not affect oocyte maturation and early embryo development of bovine.

Despite the cytotoxicity and embryotoxicity previously reported artesunate is a recommended drug to treat malaria for adults, children, and women in the first trimester of pregnancy. To address the putative effects of artesunate on female fertility and preimplantation embryo development, when the pregnancy is not detectable yet, artesunate was added to the oocyte maturation and embryo development of bovine. Briefly, in experiment 1 the cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were matured for 18 h with 0.

Poly-ε-Caprolactone Implants for Benznidazole Prolonged Release: An Alternative to Chagas Disease Oral Treatment.

Benznidazole (BZ) tablets are the currently prescribed treatment for Chagas disease. However, BZ presents limited efficacy and a prolonged treatment regimen with dose-dependent side effects. The design and development of new BZ subcutaneous (SC) implants based on the biodegradable poly-ɛ-caprolactone (PCL) is proposed in this study for a controlled release of BZ and to improve patient compliance.

Study of Genotoxicity, Activities on Caspase 8 and on the Stabilization of the Topoisomerase Complex of Isoeleutherin and Analogues.

This study evaluated the genotoxicity of Ethanol Extract (EEEp), Dichloromethane Fraction (FDCMEp) and isoeleutherin isolated from , using the micronucleus test and the impact of structural alterations on toxicity and molecular docking (topoisomerase II and DNA complex). The extract was obtained by maceration and fractionation in a chromatography column. The genotoxicity was evaluated by the micronucleus test in human hepatoma cells (HepG2).

A comparison between 2D and 3D descriptors in QSAR modeling based on bio-active conformations.

QSAR models are widely and successfully used in many research areas. The success of such models highly depends on molecular descriptors typically classified as 1D, 2D, 3D, or 4D. While 3D information is likely important, e.

Profile of natural Trypanosoma cruzi infection among dogs from rural areas of southern Espírito Santo, Brazil.

Background: The emergence of Trypanosoma cruzi infection via oral transmission has a habitual character in its primitive endemic cycle. Recent findings revealed the first death by oral transmission of T. cruzi in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil, in 2012, which was recorded in the rural area of Guarapari.

Effectiveness of Intense Accent Modification Training With Refugees From Burma.

Purpose: This pilot research project sought to determine if an intensive accent modification training program that included See the Sound-Visual Phonics and prosodic gestures improved articulation, prosody, and intelligibility measures in refugees from Burma.

Participants: Four individuals (two men, two women) aged 20-67 participated in this study, and they were recruited from a state organization supporting refugees who have resettled in the United States.

Method: All participants completed the Proficiency in Oral English Communication (POEC) and Assessment of Intelligibility of Dysarthric Speech (AIDS) to measure pre- and posttraining changes.

Antitumoral effect of novel synthetic 8-hydroxy-2-((4-nitrophenyl)thio)naphthalene-1,4-dione (CNN16) via ROS-mediated DNA damage, apoptosis and anti-migratory effect in colon cancer cell line.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is estimated as the third most incident cancer and second in mortality worldwide. Moreover, CRC metastasis reduces patients' survival rates. Thus, the study and identification of new compounds with anticancer activity selectively to tumor cells are encouraged in the CRC treatment.

In vitro interaction of polyethylene glycol-block-poly(D,L-lactide) nanocapsule devices with host cardiomyoblasts and Trypanosoma cruzi-infective forms.

Chagas disease, caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, is an important public health problem in Latin America. Nanoencapsulation of anti-T. cruzi drugs has significantly improved their efficacy and reduced cardiotoxicity.

A Potential Role of Cholinergic Dysfunction on Impaired Colon Motility in Experimental Intestinal Chagas Disease.

Background/aims: Chagasic megacolon is caused by , which promotes in several cases, irreversible segmental colonic dilation. This alteration is the major anatomic-clinical disorder, characterized by the enteric nervous system and muscle wall structural damage. Herein, we investigate how -induced progressive colonic structural changes modulate the colonic contractile pattern activity.

The entrance route: Oral, mucous, cutaneous, or systemic has a marked influence on the outcome of Trypanosoma cruzi experimental infection.

In recent decades, the oral infection of Trypanosoma cruzi has gathered increased attention due to frequent outbreaks that can lead to more severe clinical signs than those usually found in the areas of vector transmission. This study addresses the main routes of infection using metacyclic trypomastigotes (MT) and blood trypomastigotes (BT). Herein, BALB/c mice were infected with the Colombian (TcI) strain via intraperitoneal (IP), oral, intragastric (IG), ocular (OC) and cutaneous (CT) routes with 10 culture-derived MT or BT.

Adverse perinatal outcomes in fetuses with severe late-onset fetal growth restriction.

Objective: To evaluate perinatal outcomes in fetuses with severe late-onset fetal growth restriction.

Methods: This was a retrospective and observational cohort study in which pregnant women diagnosed with late-onset fetal growth restriction assisted at perinatal maternity birth from 2010 to 2017 were included. The outcomes were intensive care unit (ICU) admission and perinatal complications, such as neonatal death, intraventricular hemorrhage, periventricular leukomalacia, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, necrotizing enterocolitis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and sepsis.

Quantitative difference of oral pathogen between individuals with gastric cancer and individuals without cancer.

The loss of teeth and lack of oral hygiene have been associated with the risk of developing gastric cancer (GC) in several populations evidenced in epidemiological studies. In this study, we quantitatively compared the proportion of oral pathogens in individuals with gastric cancer and individuals without cancer in a referral hospital in the city of Belém, Brazil. This study evaluated 192 patients with GC and 192 patients without cancer.

Toxicity evaluation of Herb. extracts and possible cell death mechanism.

has been shown to be a promising medicinal plant, and its activity has been associated with naphthoquinones. The present study aimed at evaluating the cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and oral toxicity of the ethanol extract (EEEp), dichloromethane fraction (FDMEp) of , and isoeleutherin. For the cytotoxicity evaluation, the viability test (MTT) was used.