Technology Use for Social Interaction Amongst Older Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study.

The COVID-19 pandemic had an impact on socialization across all age groups but older adults experienced additional challenges. The purpose of this study was to explore older adults' perceptions and experiences of using technology to support social interactions during the COVID-19 pandemic. We used a qualitative interpretive descriptive approach to understand community dwelling older adults' perceptions of their experiences.

Patient perspectives and self-rated knowledge of nerve transfer surgery for restoring upper limb function in spinal cord injury.

Background: Nerve transfer surgery has the potential to restore upper limb function in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI); however, there has been limited exploration of patient perception of nerve transfer.

Objective: To explore the perspectives of patients with chronic SCI (>2 years from injury) on nerve transfer surgery, and to determine if an educational intervention improved participants' perceived knowledge levels about the procedure.

Design: Mixed-methods study including qualitative semi-structured interviews and self-reported rating scales.

A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-analysis on the Risk Factors of Stroke in Iranian Population.

Background: There are limited data on vascular risk factors (VRFs) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This meta-analysis was completed to summarize the existing evidence on stroke risk factors (SRFs) in the Iranian population.

Methods: An electronic literature search of the databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, Scientific Information Database (SID), Magiran, and IranMedex was performed to identify the related articles published up to March 2018.

American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society Hallux Metatarsophalangeal-Interphalangeal Joint Scale: A Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation Study in the Persian Language.

We evaluated the reliability and validity of the Persian translation of the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society hallux metatarsophalangeal-interphalangeal joint scale (AOFAS Hallux MTP-IP). The translated AOFAS Hallux MTP-IP scale form was completed for 101 patients with hallux deformities; the subjective questions were answered by the patients, whereas the orthopedic foot and ankle surgeon and his assistant answered the objective questions. The validated Persian version of the 36-Item Short Form Survey Instrument (SF-36) was used for validity assessment.

Medical Error Reporting: Status Quo and Perceived Barriers in an Orthopedic Center in Iran.

Background: Medical error reporting is fundamental for improving patient safety. We surveyed healthcare professionals to evaluate their experience of adverse events witness and reporting, knowledge about adverse events, attitude toward own and colleagues' errors, and perceived barriers in reporting errors.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on healthcare professionals from May to October 2017 at Chamran hospital, which is the largest referral orthopedic center in southern Iran.

Neuro-Behcet's disease: An update on diagnosis, differential diagnoses, and treatment.

Neuro-Behcet's disease (NBD) is defined as a combination of neurologic symptoms and/or signs in a patient with Behcet's disease (BD). Relevant syndromes include brainstem syndrome, multiple-sclerosis like presentations, movement disorders, meningoencephalitic syndrome, myelopathic syndrome, cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST), and intracranial hypertension. Central nervous involvement falls into parenchymal and non-parenchymal subtypes.

Xanthogranulomatous Osteomyelitis of the Tibia.

Xanthogranulomatous osteomyelitis (XO) is a rare chronic inflammatory process that is histologically characterized by the presence of foamy macrophages, histiocytes, and plasma cells. Radiologic and gross examinations can mimic malignancy, so definitive diagnosis should be made by histopathologic evaluation. A 15-year-old male presented with pain in the proximal right leg for 2 weeks prior to admission.

Incidence Rate of Gastric Cancer Adenocarcinoma in Patients With Gastric Dysplasia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Several studies have reported the risk of progression to gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) in patients with gastric dysplasia (GD); however, the findings are controversial. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to study the incidence rate of GAC among patients with GD. Using a comprehensive search strategy, we systematically searched online databases including PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases for identifying all relevant original articles through inception until July 2018.

Efficacy of Azithromycin in Treatment of Acne Vulgaris: A Mini Review.

Background: Antibiotics are commonly used in the treatment of acne vulgaris. Considering the rise of antibiotic resistance, alternative medications may be used in the main anti-acne armamentarium. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of oral azithromycin in the treatment of acne vulgaris.

Evidence for the Important Role of Oxidative Stress in the Pathogenesis of Acne.

Acne vulgaris is a common inflammatory skin disorder which is recognizable by dermatological lesions and scars. In addition to some pathogenetic factors such as hyperkeratinization, upregulated sebum secretion, and immunoinflammatory reactions, recent studies have also connected oxidative stress to the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris. In this article, we will briefly review clinical studies that interrogated alterations in oxidative stress biomarkers by a systematic search conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus using "acne", "oxidative stress", and "reactive oxygen species" keywords.

Avicenna's Concepts on Cancer Metastasis from the 11 Century.

From ancient times to the era of industrialization, medical and philosophical scholars have long been wondering about the nature and the underlying mystery of cancer. Despite the extensive efforts in recent decades trying to shed light on the true histopathologic basis of malignancies, many questions remain to be elucidated. Thus, it's not surprising that even the most notable predecessor physicians knew only very little about cancer and metastasis.

Possible Role of Myopia as a Risk Factor for Mechanical Neck Pain in Medical Students : A Pilot Study.

Background: Mechanical neck pain (MNP) is a common health concern. Some studies suggested a relationship between neck pain and visual activity. We assessed the role of myopia as a contributing factor in the development of chronic MNP.

Agreement between Sanders classification of intraarticular calcaneal fractures and assessment during the surgery.

Background: Sanders classification, based on the number of displaced fractured fragments of posterior facet, can predict the prognosis of calcaneal intraarticular fractures. The aim of the study was assessing not only intraobserver reproducibility and interobserver reliability of Sanders classification but also the agreement between preoperative reported types based on computed tomography (CT) scan and direct observation during the surgery.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, preoperative CT scans of 100 patients with intra-articular calcaneal fracture operated by a single surgeon were studied by two orthopedic and trauma surgeons (A & B), twice with an interval of three weeks.

Circulating Levels of Interleukin-10 and -17 in Patients with Cerebral Sinovenous Thrombosis (CSVT) in Acute and Subacute Stages: A Prospective Case-Control Study.

Background: Cerebral sinovenous thrombosis (CSVT) is a neurovascular disorder that occurs when a blood clot develops in a vein near the brain. Evaluating the subsequent changes in inflammatory cytokines can better reveal the underlying pathogeneses.

Objective: To assess the serum levels of interleukin-10 (an anti-inflammatory cytokine) and IL-17 (a pro-inflammatory cytokine) in patients with aseptic non-vasculitic CSVT.

Dysphagia Management in Iran: Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Healthcare Providers.

Despite the remarkable burden of dysphagia, appropriate multidisciplinary management is lacking in Iran and patients are often deprived of effective treatments. Obtaining a full understanding of knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of healthcare providers is necessary to determine the gaps in improvement of the quality of care for dysphagic patients. A questionnaire was designed covering demographic information and the parameters of KAP.

Correlation of clinical grading, physical tests and nerve conduction study in carpal tunnel syndrome.

Background and aims Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a common debilitating condition. As the reliability of CTS-specific physical tests and its clinical grading remain a matter of debate, we determined the correlations between these assessments with nerve conduction study (NCS). Methods In this cross-sectional study, patients with uni or bilateral CTS, which was confirmed in electrodiagnosis, were enrolled.

Lipid-lowering drugs (statins) and peripheral neuropathy.

Background And Aim: Peripheral neuropathy is a disorder with often unknown causes. Some drugs, including statins, are proposed to be among the causes of peripheral neuropathy. This study aimed at evaluating this condition by electrodiagnostic study among patients who had received statins.

Aging and stem cell therapy: AMPK as an applicable pharmacological target for rejuvenation of aged stem cells and achieving higher efficacy in stem cell therapy.

In recent years, tissue regeneration has become a promising field for developing stem cell-based transplantation therapies for human patients. Adult stem cells are affected by the same aging mechanisms that involve somatic cells. One of the mechanisms involved in cellular aging is hyperactivation of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and disruption of 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK).

Efficacy of Topical Coriandrum sativum Extract on Treatment of Infants with Diaper Dermatitis: A Single Blinded Non-Randomised Controlled Trial.

Diaper dermatitis is a common disorder. is a herbal remedy with anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-microbial and anti-oxidant activities effects. In this non randomised clinical trial which was performed on 58 infants with diaper dermatitis referred to Faghihi Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, the efficacy and safety of topical Coriandrum extract cream is compared with hydrocortisone ointment.

The prevalence and risk factors of group B streptococcus colonization in Iranian pregnant women.

Background: Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a leading cause of serious neonatal infections. Although great progress has been made in preventing prenatal GBS, its colonization rate in different regions of Iran remains unknown.

Aim: To determine GBS colonization prevalence and its risk factors among Iranian pregnant women.

Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Coenzyme Q10 on L-Arginine-Induced Acute Pancreatitis in Rat.

This study was aimed at evaluating the protective effect of coenzyme Q10 on L-arginine-induced acute pancreatitis in rats regarding biomarkers and morphologic changes. Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 4 equal groups. Control group received intraperitoneal normal saline, while in sham and experimental groups 1 and 2 pancreatitis was induced with L-arginine.

A metastatic cancer to skin in an otherwise asymptomatic young man: an unusual presentation.

Cutaneous metastasis is a rare complication of visceral malignancies. We present a very unusual case of a 33 year-old seemingly healthy man with a sudden and rapidly enlarging skin lesion that was diagnosed as a skin metastasis of his visceral malignancy. Abdominopelvic CT scan revealed thickening of the anterior wall of the urinary bladder and the fundus and body of the stomach.