Dual plasmonic modes in the visible light region in rectangular wave-shaped surface relief plasmonic gratings.

Rectangular wave-shaped surface-relief plasmonic gratings (RSR-PGs) have been fabricated from a hybrid polymer by employing a simple nanoimprint photocuring lithography technique using a silicon template, followed by gold nanolayer metallization on top of the formed replica structure. By forming a one-dimensional (1D) plasmonic grating with a periodicity of approximately 700 nm, a reflectance spectral dip was experimentally observed in the visible light region, from 600 to 700 nm, with increasing incident angle from 45° to 60°. This dip can be associated with surface plasmon resonance (SPR) wave excitation, which is coupled with the diffraction order m =  - 2.

An experimental vignette study to assess stigmatized attitudes towards tobacco smokers in Kuwait.

Introduction: Smoking is the most common method to consume tobacco. Although the prevalence of smoking is on the increase among females, it is still shown to be lower when compared with males, as there is a buildup of stigma towards tobacco smokers, with structural discrimination beginning to emerge. This study explored the effect of gender on stigmatizing attitude and behavior towards tobacco smokers.

Association of Visual Appearance on Outcomes After Hallux Valgus Surgery.

Background: In this study, our aim was to determine the effect of cosmetic improvement on patient satisfaction and functional scores in hallux valgus (HV) surgery.

Methods: Preoperative foot photographs of 105 patients who had undergone chevron osteotomy for HV between 2016 and 2018 were taken. The patients were divided into 2 groups.

Correlation between weather and Covid-19 pandemic in Jakarta, Indonesia.

This study aims to analyze the correlation between weather and covid-19 pandemic in Jakarta Indonesia. This study employed a secondary data analysis of surveillance data of covid-19 from the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia and weather from the Meteorological Department of the Republic of Indonesia. The components of weather include minimum temperature (°C), maximum temperature (°C), temperature average (°C), humidity (%), and amount of rainfall (mm).

Virulence genes contributing to Aeromonas hydrophila pathogenicity in Oreochromis niloticus.

Bacterial diseases are the main cause of high economic loss in aquaculture, particularly gram-negative bacteria. This study was conducted for the isolation and identification of Aeromonas and Pseudomonas spp. from diseased fish.

Six Weeks of Daily Abaloparatide Treatment Increased Vertebral and Femoral Bone Mineral Density, Microarchitecture and Strength in Ovariectomized Osteopenic Rats.

Abaloparatide is a novel, potent and selective activator of parathyroid hormone receptor 1 (PTHR1) under clinical development for the treatment of osteoporosis. We assessed the effect of 6 weeks of abaloparatide on bone mass, microarchitecture, quality and strength in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. After 8 weeks of post-surgical bone depletion (baseline), OVX rats (n = 20-21/group) received daily subcutaneous vehicle (OVX-Veh) or abaloparatide at 5 or 20 µg/kg.

Treatment of malreduced pilon fracture: A case report and the result in the long-term follow-up.

Introduction: The risk for post-traumatic osteoarthritis (POA) following tibial plafond joint trauma has been reported to be as high as 70-75%. In the treatment of more severe joint pathologies, with incongruity and intra-articular defects, internal or external fixations techniques may be required.

Presentation Of Case: We report the orthopedic management of a pilon fracture in a 30-year-old male with malunion and implant failure after initial mal-reduction of the fracture 9-months earlier.

Binding Selectivity of Abaloparatide for PTH-Type-1-Receptor Conformations and Effects on Downstream Signaling.

The PTH receptor type 1 (PTHR1) mediates the actions of two endogenous polypeptide ligands, PTH and PTHrP, and thereby plays key roles in bone biology. Based on its capacity to stimulate bone formation, the peptide fragment PTH (1-34) is currently in use as therapy for osteoporosis. Abaloparatide (ABL) is a novel synthetic analog of human PTHrP (1-34) that holds promise as a new osteoporosis therapy, as studies in animals suggest that it can stimulate bone formation with less of the accompanying bone resorption and hypercalcemic effects that can occur with PTH (1-34).

p16 Expression as a Surrogate Marker for HPV Infection in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma can Predict Response to Neo-Adjuvant Chemotherapy.

Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a common cancer in the north east of India. The present study concerned the prevalence of human papilloma virus (HPV) in the ESCC in north eastern India and its impact on response to chemotherapy.

Materials And Methods: p16 expression, a surrogate marker for HPV infection was assessed in 101 pre-treatment biopsies of locally advanced ESCC, reported from a comprehensive cancer centre in north east India, using immunohistochemistry.

Talectomy and tibiocalcaneal arthrodesis with intramedullary nail fixation for treatment of equinus deformity in adults.

Background: Severe equinovarus foot deformity in adults is a challenging problem. Conservative treatment rarely is effective, and operative options are limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of talectomy and tibiocalcaneal arthrodesis with intramedullary nail fixation for the treatment of severe equinovarus deformity in adults.

Bacteriological evaluation of tonsillar microbial flora according to age and tonsillar size in recurrent tonsillitis.

Although numerous studies based on the bacteriology of the tonsil have been carried out, none of them analyzed the variation of tonsillar flora with respect to both age and tonsillar size. The purpose of this study was to isolate the facultative and obligate anaerobes both from the surface and the core of tonsils in recurrent tonsillitis as well as to analyze the variation of isolated bacterial strains according to age and tonsillar size. A prospective study was performed on 111 patients who underwent tonsillectomy.

The new technique of using the epigastric arteries in renal transplantation with multiple renal arteries.

The most common anatomic variant seen in the donor kidneys for renal transplantation is multiple renal arteries (MRA), which can cause an increased risk of complications. We describe the long-term outcomes of 16 years of experience in 76 kidney transplantations with MRAs. In a new reconstruction technique, we remove arterial clamps after anastomosing the donor to the recipient's main renal vessels, which cause backflow from accessory arteries to prevent thrombosis.

The detection of occult HBV infection in patients with HBsAg negative pattern by real-time PCR method.

Aim: Diagnostic problems may be encountered in Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections by serological tests and HBV DNA can be detectable in plasma and liver tissue while the HBsAg test is negative. This situation can be defined as occult or isolated Anti-HBc infections. Occult HBV infections may be divided into two categories by using hepatitis markers.

The importance of transmission time in HIV infections and an epidemiological prospective follow-up study for 1 year in the Marmara Region of Turkey.

It is important to detect recent and new HIV/1 infections and to take preventative measures in order to prevent rapid disease progression in AIDS and to decrease the incidence of infection. We aimed to detect long standing or recent HIV infections by determining transmission times for the cases in which first-time HIV/1 seropositivity were detected. The serum samples of 323 cases which were found to be seropositive by ELISA and Western-blotting were included in this study.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel nitrogen- and sulfur-containing hetero-1,4-naphthoquinones as potent antifungal and antibacterial agents.

1,4-Naphthoquinones are unique reagents in organic synthesis and have been employed in several well known and recently developed areas of application. Furthermore, these 1,4-naphthoquinones have demonstrated high reactivity in nucleophilic vinylic substitutions, in the preparation of sulfurated, (hetero)cyclic and several other transformations. This study describes the synthesis and biological evaluation of derivatives of monosulfurated naphthalene-1,4-dione (3), 3-chloro-2-ethoxy-naphthalene-1,4-dione (4), disulfurated naphthalene-1,4-dione (5), and symmetrical bis-1,4-naphthoquinones (7, 9) were obtained from the reaction of 2,3-dichloro-naphthaquinone (1) with S-, O-substituted mono-, di-, and tetrathiols, respectively.

Tissue engineering of bone: an ectopic rat model.

Tissue engineering is attempting to recreate the complexity of living tissues. In order to test a variety of scaffolds or cells that are constantly being developed, we describe here a model where tissue engineering of bone in a non-osseous environment at subcutaneous thoracic site of DA rats generates. In this model, cell - matix interactions can mimic the normal cascade of bone development into a well organized ossicle like structure including newly formed bone marrow, during 3-4 weeks.

Commentary on: periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics (PAOO) - a clinical dilemma.

It is apparent that tooth movement is enhanced by procedures that elevate the remodeling of alveolar bone, and of periodontal and gingival fibrous tissues. The periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics (PAOO) also termed as Wilckodontics, involves full-thickness labial and lingual alveolar flaps accompanied with limited selective labial and lingual surgical scarring of cortical bone (corticotomy). Most of the authors suggest that the RAP is the major stimulus for alveolar bone remodeling, enabling the PAOO.

Influence of bone-derived matrices on generation of bone in an ectopic rat model.

Most bone regeneration experimental models that test bone-derived matrices take place in conjunction with the native bone. Here, we compared the relative effectiveness of bone matrix components on bone-marrow-directed osteogenesis in an ectopic model. Cortical bone cylinders consisted of diaphysis of DA rat femurs.

Highly porous bioresorbable scaffolds with controlled release of bioactive agents for tissue-regeneration applications.

Highly porous poly(DL-lactic-co-glycolic acid) films with controlled release of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) as a model protein have been successfully developed and studied. These films, which are prepared by freeze-drying inverted emulsions, are designed for use in tissue-regeneration applications. The effects of the emulsion's formulation and host polymer's characteristics on the film's microstructure and HRP release profile over 4 weeks were investigated.

Oropharyngeal flora changes after tonsillectomy.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the effect of tonsillectomy on oropharyngeal flora in children who underwent tonsillectomy for chronic recurrent tonsillitis.

Study Design And Setting: A prospective study was performed comprising patients with chronic recurrent tonsillitis who underwent tonsillectomy at the Department of Otolaryngology, Cerrahpasa Medical School. Incisional core biopsies of excised tonsils were also performed.

Metronidazole-loaded bioabsorbable films as local antibacterial treatment of infected periodontal pockets.

Background: Periodontal disease is infectious in nature and leads to an inflammatory response. It arises from the accumulation of subgingival bacterial plaque and leads to the loss of attachment, increased probing depth, and bone loss. It is one of the world's most prevalent chronic diseases.