Ophthalmic Injuries After the Port of Beirut Blast-One of Largest Nonnuclear Explosions in History.

Importance: A review of the injury patterns, treatment strategies, and responding physicians' experience during the Port of Beirut blast may help guide future ophthalmic disaster response plans.

Objective: To present the ophthalmic injuries and difficulties encountered as a result of the Port of Beirut blast on August 4, 2020.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A retrospective medical record review of all patients who presented to the emergency department and 13 ophthalmology outpatient clinics at the American University of Beirut Medical Center for treatment of ophthalmic injuries sustained from the explosion in Port of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon, from August 4 to the end of November 2020.

Nontraumatic Epithelial Ingrowth 15 Years Post Laser In Situ Keratomileusis.

Epithelial ingrowth occurring many years after primary Laser in Situ Keratomileusis (LASIK) without a preceding traumatic event is very rare. We describe the case of a 61-year-old woman with epithelial ingrowth in her right eye 15 years after primary LASIK. She presented with right eye redness, pain, and decreased vision and denied any preceding trauma.

Long-term outcomes of Ahmed tube implantation in pediatric glaucoma after multiple surgeries.

Purpose: To report success of Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implantation in eyes with pediatric glaucoma and subconjunctival scarring from previous surgeries.

Methods: A retrospective review of pediatric glaucoma patients who underwent AGV implantation after ≥ 2 previous surgeries with conjunctival scarring. Preoperative and postoperative parameters were recorded to study success, defined as intraocular pressure (IOP) < 22 mmHg with or without medications and without serious complications.

Interocular symmetry in macular choroidal thickness in children.

Objective. To report interocular differences in choroidal thickness in children using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and correlate findings with biometric data. Methods.

Spectral domain optical coherence tomography in children: normative data and biometric correlations.

Background: The aim was to report normative values of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and macular parameters in children using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) and to perform correlations with age, refractive error and axial length.

Methods: This was an observational cross-sectional study recruiting 113 healthy children aged 6 to 17 years with no ocular abnormality except refractive error. After a comprehensive eye examination and axial length measurement, RNFL and macular thickness measurements were performed using the Cirrus OCT machine.

Interocular symmetry in retinal and optic nerve parameters in children as measured by spectral domain optical coherence tomography.

Background/aims: To report interocular differences in retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL), optic nerve head and macular parameters in children using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).

Methods: This was an observational cross-sectional study including 108 healthy children aged 6-17 years with no ocular abnormality except refractive error. After a comprehensive eye exam and axial length measurement, RNFL, optic nerve and macular thickness measurements were performed using the Cirrus OCT machine.

A comparison between tube surgery, ND:YAG laser and diode laser cyclophotocoagulation in the management of refractory glaucoma.

Purpose: To compare the results of intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction by 3 treatment modalities, (a) glaucoma tube implants, (b) noncontact YAG laser cyclophotocoagulation (cycloYAG), and (c) contact transscleral diode laser cyclophotocoagulation (cyclodiode), in cases of advanced glaucoma refractory to alternative treatments.

Methods: A consecutive group of 45 eyes that received cycloYAG were matched against two control groups of patients who had received tube surgery or cyclodiode, each control group having been derived from a database of patients.

Results: Mean pretreatment IOP improved from 41.

Abnormal binocular vision: monocular diplopia of physical origin: two case reports. Its relationship to the physiology and arrangement of the visual directions of the retinal areas; binocular triplopia.

Background And Purpose: Monocular diplopia is an infrequent but disabling complication following laser peripheral iridotomy, or following cataract surgery. Our purpose is to clarify the intraocular mechanism of monocular diplopia (and binocular triplopia) of physical origin and its relation to the physiology and arrangement of the visual directions of the retinal areas in each eye.

Case Reports: This is a report of one patient who developed monocular diplopia following an "exposed" laser peripheral iridotomy, and of a second patient who developed monocular diplopia due to a swollen opacified central posterior capsule following cataract surgery.

The distribution of visual field defects per quadrant in standard automated perimetry as compared to frequency doubling technology perimetry.

To test the ability of frequency doubling technology (FDT) perimetry to reveal defects in the same field quadrants as detected by standard automated perimetry (SAP). Ninety-two eyes with open-angle glaucoma and documented visual field defects by threshold SAP (Octopus Dynamic strategy) also underwent threshold FDT testing after successfully passing the FDT screening test. All eyes revealed varying stages of SAP defects while only 80 revealed FDT damage: 31:21 eyes in the early field loss stage, 36:35 in the moderate field loss stage, and 25:24 in the severe field loss stage in SAP versus FDT, respectively.

Intravitreal bevacizumab for treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration: the second year of a prospective study.

Purpose: To demonstrate the efficacy of intravitreal bevacizumab for treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Design: Prospective, open-label, nonrandomized clinical study.

Methods: Fifty-one patients (51 eyes) with subfoveal choroidal neovascularization (CNV) resulting from AMD participated in this study at the American University of Beirut and Hotel Dieu de France Retina Clinics.

Modified phototherapeutic keratectomy technique for the treatment of elevated corneal opacities.

A simple modification to the existing phototherapeutic keratectomy techniques to treat elevated corneal opacities is described for a case of severe bilateral macular dystrophy. After epithelial removal, a single drop of carboxymethylcellulose sodium 1.0% was applied centrally on the cornea.

Intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide: Pattern of secondary intraocular pressure rise and possible risk factors.

Purpose: To determine the pattern of increase in intraocular pressure (IOP) following intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA) and identify possible risk factors associated with this rise in IOP.

Methods: We carried out a retrospective review of records for 185 patients (226 eyes) who received 4 mg of IVTA at the American University of Beirut Medical Center and Hotel Dieu de France eye clinics between 2003 and 2005

Results: Mean follow-up was 8.17 months (range 6 to 24 months).

Intravitreal bevacizumab for treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration: a one-year prospective study.

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy of intravitreal bevacizumab for treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Design: Prospective, open-label, nonrandomized clinical study.

Methods: Sixty patients (60 eyes) with subfoveal choroidal neovascular membrane (CNV) attributable to AMD participated in this study at the American University of Beirut and Hotel Dieu de France Retina Clinics.

Intravitreal bevacizumab vs verteporfin photodynamic therapy for neovascular age-related macular degeneration.

Objective: To compare verteporfin photodynamic therapy (PDT) with intravitreal bevacizumab for management of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) associated with age-related macular degeneration.

Methods: Patients with predominantly classic CNV were prospectively randomized to receive standard PDT or intravitreal bevacizumab injections (2.5 mg).

Corneal light shield as a delivery system for standardized application of mitomycin C in excimer surface ablation.

Purpose: To develop a simple, reproducible method of applying intraoperative mitomycin C (MMC) in excimer surface ablation surgery.

Methods: A two-part protocol was developed to study several properties of corneal light shields. Part A tested the amount of MMC (0.

Intravitreal bevacizumab for the management of choroidal neovascularization in age-related macular degeneration.

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy and safety of intravitreal bevacizumab for managing choroidal neovascularization (CNV) due to age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Design: Prospective interventional case series.

Methods: Seventeen eyes of 17 patients with subfoveal CNV due to AMD participated in this study at the American University of Beirut Ophthalmology Clinics.

Recalcitrant post-LASIK Mycobacterium chelonae keratitis eradicated after the use of fourth-generation fluoroquinolone.

Objective: To report a patient with Mycobacterium chelonae keratitis after LASIK and discuss therapeutic measures.

Design: Interventional case report and literature review.

Intervention: A healthy, 25-year-old man presented 6 weeks after LASIK with infectious keratitis in the left eye.

Panretinal photocoagulation and intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide for the management of proliferative diabetic retinopathy with macular edema.

Purpose: To investigate intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA) as an adjunctive therapy to panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) in patients with both high-risk proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and clinically significant macular edema (CSME).

Methods: Thirty-five eyes diagnosed with both high-risk PDR and CSME underwent PRP and a single injection of 4 mg of IVTA (IVTA group). Visual, anatomic, and fluorescein angiographic changes were documented.

LASIK for high myopic astigmatism resulting from perforating ocular injury.

Purpose: To present a case of successful treatment of high myopic astigmatism after a perforating injury with significant corneal laceration and pupil ectopia using excimer LASIK.

Methods: A 30-year-old man presented for treatment of high myopic astigmatism in his right eye resulting from perforating ocular trauma, which occurred 8 years prior to presentation. The corneoscleral wound repair was performed with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation.

Plasma thymulin and nerve growth factor levels in patients with primary open angle glaucoma and elevated intraocular pressure.

Background: The objective was to measure the plasma concentrations of thymulin and nerve growth factor (NGF) in a group of patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and compare them with age- and sex-matched normal controls.

Methods: Twenty-eight patients newly diagnosed with POAG who were not undergoing treatment were compared with the same number of age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Blood samples were drawn into heparinized tubes and plasma samples were collected for the determination of the concentrations of thymulin and NGF, using specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Branch retinal artery occlusion following embolization of a maxillary sinus tumor.

Retinal vascular complications following embolization of carotid artery branches have been occasionally reported. Since the result can be catastrophic and is often irreversible, all efforts to prevent this complication should be considered prior to the intervention. We report the occurrence of a branch retinal artery occlusion following embolization of a maxillary sinus tumor.

Intravitreal triamcinolone for the management of macular edema due to nonischemic central retinal vein occlusion.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide in the management of persistent macular edema secondary to nonischemic central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO).

Methods: Twenty consecutive patients were selected with a 3- to 4-month history of nonischemic CRVO and persistent macular edema. These patients received a single intravitreal injection of 4 mg of triamcinolone acetonide (40 mg/mL).

Modified technique for tube fixation in conjunctivodacryocystorhinostomy.

The standard glass tube used with a conjunctivodacryocystorhinostomy is subject to spontaneous displacement or extrusion, especially in the early postoperative period. To anchor the tube in the surrounding tissues, a suture is commonly tied around the collar of the Pyrex tube and externalized to the skin of the medial canthal area where it is fixed. The loop can become loose around the tube, and displacement or extrusion can occur.

Upper eyelid retraction after glaucoma filtering surgery and topical application of mitomycin C.

Purpose: To describe 3 cases of upper eyelid retraction after glaucoma filtering surgery and topical application of mitomycin C and to highlight possible causes.

Methods: A report of 3 patients, identified over an 8-year interval period, who had development of upper eyelid retraction a few months after undergoing trabeculectomy with mitomycin C in the ipsilateral eye.

Results: Testing for Graves disease, including second-generation thyrotropin receptor antibodies (TRAb), was negative in all cases.