A prospective multicenter cohort study of frailty in younger critically ill patients.

Background: Frailty is a multidimensional syndrome characterized by loss of physiologic and cognitive reserve that heightens vulnerability. Frailty has been well described among elderly patients (i.e.

Blood pressure, vascular resistance, and +Gz tolerance during repeated +Gz exposures.

Background: Cardiovascular reflexes that regulate blood pressure (BP) adapt during repeated exposure to +Gz acceleration separated by short (< 20 s) breaks, but whether this effect is preserved with longer intervals remains unknown.

Methods: There were 17 subjects who completed 5 repeated gradual onset (0.1 G x s(-1)) runs (GOR1-5) to 60 degrees peripheral light loss (PLL) on a human centrifuge, separated by 2 min.

Anaesthesia and the autistic child.

There appears to be little literature in paediatric anaesthetic practice relevant to children suffering with autism (Rainey & Van der Walt 1998). Recent findings suggest a need for rigorous study of the potential problems that autistic children may have when undergoing an anaesthetic (Kirz 2007). Some healthcare professionals do not have the knowledge or professional guidance to be able to identify these children (DH 2001, Disability Rights Commission 2006, DH 2008a, b, 2009, Rankin 2009).

The role of 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging in Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia.

Disease assessment in WM is dependent on the quantification of the IgM monoclonal protein and percent involvement of the bone marrow. There is a need for imaging studies that objectively measure tumor load in these patients. In this study, we sought to examine the role of combined FDG-PET/CT imaging in the detection of tumor load and in the assessment of response to therapy.

The role of serum immunoglobulin free light chain in response and progression in waldenstrom macroglobulinemia.

Introduction: The serum free light chain (sFLC) has been widely used in the assessment of response in patients with multiple myeloma and other plasma cell dyscrasias. However, its use in Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM) has not been previously assessed. We sought to examine the role of sFLC in response and progression of patients with WM.

Weekly bortezomib in combination with temsirolimus in relapsed or relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma: a multicentre, phase 1/2, open-label, dose-escalation study.

Background: Multiple myeloma is the second most prevalent haematological malignancy and is incurable. Our aim was to assess the response and safety of the combination of temsirolimus (an mTOR inhibitor) and bortezomib in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma.

Methods: We did an open-label, dose-escalation study in three centres in the USA.

Cosmic radiation in commercial aviation.

This paper reviews the current knowledge of cosmic radiation and its applicability to commercial aviation. Galactic cosmic radiation emanates from outside the solar system, while occasionally a disturbance in the suns' atmosphere leads to a surge in radiation particles. Protection is provided by the suns' magnetic field, the earths' magnetic field, and the earths' atmosphere.

Traveller's thrombosis: a review of deep vein thrombosis associated with travel. The Air Transport Medicine Committee, Aerospace Medical Association.

There is an increasing suspicion among the travelling public and the international media of an association between the occurrence of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and air travel. It was noted by the UK House of Lords Select Committee on Science and Technology that up to 20% of the total population may have some degree of increased clotting tendency. It follows that some air travellers are at risk of developing DVT when, or soon after, travelling.

Outcomes for men with clinically nonmetastatic prostate carcinoma managed with radical prostactectomy, external beam radiotherapy, or expectant management: a retrospective analysis.

Background: With a lack of data from randomized trials, the optimal management of men with nonmetastatic prostate carcinoma is controversial. The authors sought to define the outcomes of three common strategies for managing patients with nonmetastatic prostate carcinoma: expectant management, radiotherapy, and radical prostatectomy.

Methods: The authors conducted a retrospective cohort study with standardized collection of key prognostic data, including centralized assignment of Gleason grades from original biopsy specimens.

Perspectives of those impacted: an airline's perspective.

The implementation into national law of Council Directive 96/29 EURATOM requires cosmic radiation exposure of flight and cabin crew to be considered as occupational and appropriate measures be taken. The implications for British Airways are discussed and compliance measures outlined.

British Airways measurement of cosmic radiation exposure on Concorde supersonic transport.

The galactic cosmic radiation field at aircraft operating altitudes is complex, with a large energy range and the presence of all particle types. The calculation of the complex radiation fields is difficult, as is the measurement. British Airways continues to cooperate with the U.

Effect of combined transient androgen deprivation and irradiation following radical prostatectomy for prostatic cancer.

Purpose: To evaluate whether transient androgen deprivation improves outcome in patients irradiated after radical prostatectomy for locally advanced disease, persistent or rising postoperative prostate specific antigen (PSA), or local recurrence.

Methods And Materials: Records of 105 consecutive patients who were treated with pelvic irradiation after radical retropubic prostatectomy between August 1985 and December 1995 were reviewed. Seventy-four patients received radiation alone (mean follow up: 4.

Adenocarcinoma of the prostate: innovations in management.

Adenocarcinoma of the prostate (CaP) in the Western world has become the most common noncutaneous human tumor. CaP is also the second most important cause of cancer deaths among the male population in the United States. Major progress was made in the past decade in better understanding this disease process, as well as in improved diagnostic accuracy.

Exposure to cosmic radiation of British Airways flying crew on ultralonghaul routes.

British Airways has carried out radiation monitoring in Concorde for more than 20 years and has used a heuristic model based on data quoted by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) to model radiation exposure in all longhaul fleets. From these data it has been calculated that no flight deck crew would exceed the control level of 6 mSv/y currently under consideration by regulatory authorities, which is three tenths of the occupational dose limit of 20 mSv/y recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). The model suggested that less than 4% of cabin crew based in Tokyo flying only between London and Japan could reach or exceed the 6 mSv/y level, based on a predicted effective dose rate of 7 microSv/h.

Telemedicine in British Airways.

In the year ending March 1994, British Airways (BA) carried in excess of 30 million passengers worldwide. There was a total of 2078 reported in-flight medical incidents, with 18 unscheduled diversions for medical reasons. The commonest reported conditions were faints, diarrhoea and vomiting.

Prostate specific antigen after radiotherapy for prostate cancer: a reevaluation of long-term biochemical control and the kinetics of recurrence in patients treated at Stanford University.

Purpose: We evaluated prostate specific antigen (PSA) evidence for control of prostatic cancer after irradiation.

Materials And Methods: We studied 110 patients for whom more than 2 PSA measurements were obtained to establish trends and the initial measurement was done between April 1985 and January 1988.

Results: A total of 42 patients (38%) had stable, normal PSA levels with followup averaging 12.