Beach showers as sources of contamination for sunscreen pollution in marine protected areas and areas of intensive beach tourism in Hawaii, USA.

In 2019, sands in nearby runoff streams from public beach showers were sampled on three islands in the State of Hawaii and tested for over 18 different petrochemical UV filters. Beach sands that are directly in the plume discharge of beach showers on three of the islands of Hawaii (Maui, Oahu, Hawai'i) were found to be contaminated with a wide array of petrochemical-based UV-filters that are found in sunscreens. Sands from beach showers across all three islands had a mean concentration of 5619 ng/g of oxybenzone with the highest concentration of 34,518 ng/g of oxybenzone at a beach shower in the Waikiki area of Honolulu.

Care in people 60 years of age and over with chronic or recently diagnosed epilepsy: a note review in United Kingdom general practice.

Aim: To ascertain present United Kingdom (UK) management processes for epilepsy in older people.

Method: This was a general practice notes review of people being treated for epilepsy 60 years and over.

Results: The cohort of 110 was from six practices.

Problems that mothers' with epilepsy experience when caring for their children.

Women with epilepsy who were service users of Epilepsy Action in the United Kingdom (UK) completed a questionnaire on the risks of caring for their baby and whether they were provided with useful information on fulfilling their caring role (Epilepsy Action is the trading name of the British Epilepsy Association a major UK charity for those with epilepsy). The cohort of 84 all reported some problems. The following were rated as being the most problematic; caring for their baby outside the home and bathing, whereas breastfeeding was rated as much less problematic.

Self-expanding metal stents in the palliation of malignant dysphagia: outcome analysis in 100 consecutive patients.

SUMMARY. Patients with inoperable esophageal malignancy often undergo palliative self-expanding metal stent insertion. This analysis of cases shows that although such stents provide good palliation of dysphagia, complications frequently occur.

Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis group organisms in human and mouse joint tissue by reverse transcriptase PCR: prevalence in diseased synovial tissue suggests lack of specific association with rheumatoid arthritis.

Infection with mycobacterial species, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis, has long been implicated in the etiopathology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) on the basis of clinical and pathological similarities between tuberculosis and RA. Despite evidence of immune responses to mycobacterial antigens in RA patient synovial fluid, cross-reactivity between these and host joint antigens, and the presence of M. tuberculosis protein antigen in RA synovial fluid, a definite causal association with RA has not been shown.

Iron acquisition and virulence in Helicobacter pylori: a major role for FeoB, a high-affinity ferrous iron transporter.

The genome sequence of Helicobacter pylori suggests that this bacterium possesses several Fe acquisition systems, including both Fe2+- and Fe3+-citrate transporters. The role of these transporters was investigated by generating insertion mutants in feoB, tonB, fecA1 and fecDE. Fe transport in the feoB mutant was approximately 10-fold lower than in the wild type (with 0.

Genotype-phenotype analysis in X-linked Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy and identification of a missense mutation associated with a milder phenotype.

Direct sequencing of the emerin gene in 22 families with Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EMD) revealed mutations in 21 (95%), confirming that emerin mutations can be identified in the majority of families with X-linked EMD. Most emerin mutations result in absence of the protein. In this study three mutations (a missense mutation Pro183Thr and two in-frame deletions removing residues 95-99 and 236-241, respectively) were unusual in being associated with expression of mutant protein.

A novel satellite/microsatellite combination in the genome of the marine shrimp, Penaeus vannamei.

In our studies of repeated sequences in the genome of the marine shrimp, Penaeus vannamei (Pv), we have discovered a novel combination of sequence elements. We inserted restriction fragments of genomic DNA into a plasmid vector and screened for recombinant plasmids containing repeated sequences. Ten of the resulting isolates contained representatives of the same repeated element, a satellite sequence present in one or more blocks of tandemly repeated units.

Isolation of a retrovirus from two fish cell lines developed from chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) with plasmacytoid leukaemia.

Two new cell lines developed from chinook salmon with plasmacytoid leukaemia have been found to be producing a virus. The virus has been identified as a retrovirus based on: type of c.p.

Unusual eosinophilic granule cell proliferation in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch).

Whitish, opaque, coalescing masses were observed coating the visceral organs of numerous adult coho salmon when they were dissected for artificial spawning in the autumn of 1983 at the Puntledge River hatchery, British Columbia. One affected fish was observed in November 1991. Histological examination of 10 of these fish (nine in 1983 and one in 1991) revealed that the lesions consisted of unusual proliferations of eosinophilic granule cells (EGCs) with some characteristics of neoplasia.

Development of a 14C-urea breath test in ferrets colonised with Helicobacter mustelae: effects of treatment with bismuth, antibiotics, and urease inhibitors.

A 14C-urea breath test analogous to its clinical counterpart is described for use in ferrets naturally or experimentally infected with Helicobacter mustelae. The test is performed within a sealed glass metabolism chamber through which air is drawn at a constant rate and expired breath collected into sodium hydroxide. Peak 14CO2 production occurred approximately 1 hour after substrate administration.

Tubulin isoforms in the brine shrimp, Artemia: primary gene products and their posttranslational modification.

The brine shrimp, Artemia, contains 3 alpha- and 2 beta-tubulins as shown by Coomassie Blue staining of two-dimensional gels. In order to study the biosynthetic origins of the isotubulins, we hybridized cloned Drosophila tubulin genes, under stringent conditions, to blots of Artemia DNA and RNA. Southern blot analyses indicate a tubulin gene family of limited complexity.

Interspersion of histone and 5S RNA genes in Artemia.

Four recombinant lambda phage containing histone genes were selected from a library of Artemia genomic DNA fragments. The histone gene organization of Artemia resembles that of other invertebrates in that all five genes are clustered and repeated in tandem with approximate repeat lengths of 8.5 kb and 9.

Absence of detectable 5-methylcytosine in DNA of embryos of the brine shrimp, Artemia.

DNA from three developmental stages of the brine shrimp, Artemia was found to be undermethylated compared to DNA from calf thymus and salmon sperm. Using high-performance liquid chromatography we found that DNA hydrolysates from both dormant cysts and prefeeding nauplii contain less than 1 residue of 5-methylcytosine per 59 kilobases, placing Artemia DNA in the "insect type" category. The absence of detectable 5-methylcytosine in DNA of developing Artemia supports the view that methylation status alone cannot account for regulation of transcription in protostomes, and that DNA methylation may be more common among deuterostomes.

Molecular cloning and characterization of ribosomal RNA genes from the brine shrimp.

A library of genomic DNA from the brine shrimp, Artemia, has been constructed with the Charon 4A phage vector, utilizing EcoRI passenger fragments. Screening this library with purified Xenopus laevis cloned rDNA genes has resulted in the identification and plaque purification of a recombinant containing a complete Artemia (18 S + 26 S) rDNA repeat unit. A physical map derived from the analysis of restriction endonuclease digests of the repeat unit, which measures 13.

Isolation and partial purification of phthalate ester hydrolyzing enzyme(s) from the brine shrimp, Artemia.

Isolation and 30-fold purification of a di-n-butyl phthalate (DNBP) hydrolyzing enzyme from synchronously hatched larvae of the brine shrimp, Artemia, are reported. The activity of the enzyme increases during larval development simultaneously with the acute toxic action of DNBP on the larvae. The enzyme is not stimulated by 10 mM sodium cholate, is stable for days to weeks in solution at 4 degrees C, indefinitely stable at -70 degrees C and is distinct from the previously reported trypsin- and chymotrypsin-like proteases [1].

CV-1 cells release proteins that facilitate infection by simian virus 40 and echovirus 6.

Uninfected simian cells (CV-1) produce two different proteins, one of which enhances the infectivity of echovirus 6 and the other enhances the infectivity of SV40 in less susceptible cells. The enhancers are released by metabolizing cells into the culture medium. The SV40 enhancer protein is larger and less acidic than the echovirus enhancer.