Effects of Germanium embedded fabric on the chondrogenic differentiation of adipose derived stem cells.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a clinical state which is identified by the degeneration of articular cartilage. OA is a common condition (>500 millions of people affected worldwide), whose frequency is anticipated to continue to rise (> 110 % increase worldwide since 2019). The treatment for early-stage OA is based on a combination of therapeutic approaches, which can include regenerative medicine based on Adipose Derived Stem Cells (ADSCs).

Integrins regulate hERG1 dynamics by girdin-dependent Gαi3: signaling and modeling in cancer cells.

The hERG1 potassium channel is aberrantly over expressed in tumors and regulates the cancer cell response to integrin-dependent adhesion. We unravel a novel signaling pathway by which integrin engagement by the ECM protein fibronectin promotes hERG1 translocation to the plasma membrane and its association with β1 integrins, by activating girdin-dependent Gαi3 proteins and protein kinase B (Akt). By sequestering hERG1, β1 integrins make it avoid Rab5-mediated endocytosis, where unbound channels are degraded.

Serum Interleukin-36 α as a Candidate Biomarker to Distinguish Behçet's Syndrome and Psoriatic Arthritis.

Behçet's syndrome (BS) is a rare systemic vasculitis characterized by different clinical manifestations. As no specific laboratory tests exist, the diagnosis relies on clinical criteria, and the differential diagnosis with other inflammatory diseases can be challenging. Indeed, in a relatively small proportion of patients, BS symptoms include only mucocutaneous, articular, gastrointestinal, and non-typical ocular manifestations, which are frequently found also in psoriatic arthritis (PsA).

Erythrocyte oxidative stress and thrombosis.

Thrombosis is a common disorder with a relevant burden of morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly among elderly patients. Growing evidence demonstrated a direct role of oxidative stress in thrombosis, with various cell types contributing to this process. Among them, erythrocytes produce high quantities of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) by NADPH oxidase activation and haemoglobin autoxidation.

The Transcriptional Landscape of Wild Type Metastatic Melanoma: A Pilot Study.

Melanoma is a relatively rare disease worldwide; nevertheless, it has a great relevance in some countries, such as in Europe. In order to shed some light upon the transcriptional profile of skin melanoma, we compared the gene expression of six independent tumours (all progressed towards metastatic disease and with wild type ) to the expression profile of non-dysplastic melanocytes (considered as a healthy control) in a pilot study. Paraffin-embedded samples were manually micro-dissected to obtain enriched samples, and then, RNA was extracted and analysed through a microarray-based approach.

A unique circulating miRNA profile highlights thrombo-inflammation in Behçet's syndrome.

Objectives: Behçet's syndrome (BS) is a rare systemic vasculitis often complicated by thrombotic events. Given the lack of validated biomarkers, BS diagnosis relies on clinical criteria.In search of novel biomarkers for BS diagnosis, we determined the profile of plasmatic circulating microRNAs (ci-miRNAs) in patients with BS compared with healthy controls (HCs).

Circulating miRNome profiling data in Behçet's syndrome.

We conducted a screening analysis to assess the presence of a characteristic extracellular circulating microRNAs (ci-miRNAs) profile in Behçet's syndrome (BS). Total RNA was extracted from platelets-free plasma (PFP) samples obtained from 16 BS patients and 18 healthy controls. Ci-miRNAs profiling was conducted by using dedicated Agilent microarray hybridization and data extraction technology.

Harnessing the hERG1/β1 Integrin Complex via a Novel Bispecific Single-chain Antibody: An Effective Strategy against Solid Cancers.

mAbs, either mono- or bispecific (bsAb), represent one of the most successful approaches to treat many types of malignancies. However, there are certain limitations to the use of full length mAbs for clinical applications, which can be overcome by engineered antibody fragments. The aim of this study was to develop a small bsAb, in the format of a single-chain diabody (scDb), to efficiently target two proteins, the hERG1 potassium channel and the β1 subunit of integrin receptors, which specifically form a macromolecular complex in cancer cells.

Analysis of resorbable mesh implants in short-term human muscular fascia cultures: a pilot study.

Purpose: Alteration in fascial tissue collagen composition represents a key factor in hernia etiology and recurrence. Both resorbable and non-resorbable meshes for hernia repair are currently used in the surgical setting. However, no study has investigated so far the role of different implant materials on collagen deposition and tissue remodeling in human fascia.

K11.1 Potassium Channel and the Na/H Antiporter NHE1 Modulate Adhesion-Dependent Intracellular pH in Colorectal Cancer Cells.

Increasing evidence indicates that ion channels and transporters cooperate in regulating different aspects of tumor pathophysiology. In cancer cells, H/HCO transporters usually invert the transmembrane pH gradient typically observed in non-neoplastic cells, which is thought to contribute to cancer malignancy. To what extent the pH-regulating transporters are functionally linked to K channels, which are central regulators of cell membrane potential (V), is unclear.

Correction: Clarithromycin inhibits autophagy in colorectal cancer by regulating the hERG1 potassium channel interaction with PI3K.

The financial support for this Article was not fully acknowledged. The acknowledgements should have included the following: We thank M. Lulli (University of Florence, Italy) for acquiring images of immunofluorescence-labeled cells.

Clarithromycin inhibits autophagy in colorectal cancer by regulating the hERG1 potassium channel interaction with PI3K.

We have studied how the macrolide antibiotic Clarithromycin (Cla) regulates autophagy, which sustains cell survival and resistance to chemotherapy in cancer. We found Cla to inhibit the growth of human colorectal cancer (CRC) cells, by modulating the autophagic flux and triggering apoptosis. The accumulation of cytosolic autophagosomes accompanied by the modulation of autophagic markers LC3-II and p62/SQSTM1, points to autophagy exhaustion.

DNA-metallodrugs interactions signaled by electrochemical biosensors: an overview.

The interaction of drugs with DNA is an important aspect in pharmacology. In recent years, many important technological advances have been made to develop new techniques to monitor biorecognition and biointeraction on solid devices. The interaction between DNA and drugs can cause chemical and conformational modifications and, thus, variation of the electrochemical properties of nucleobases.

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) biosensors for environmental risk assessment and drug studies.

In the present work, electrochemical DNA biosensors are proposed as a screening device for the rapid bio-analysis of environmental pollution and DNA-drug interaction studies. The binding of small molecules to DNA immobilised on disposable screen-printed electrodes has been measured through the variation of the electrochemical signal of guanine by square wave voltammetric scans. These kinds of biosensors were used to evaluate the soil contamination level in an Italian polluted area and the results were compared with several methods for the DNA damage detection, as Comet genotoxicity effects, aberrant anatelophases and micronucleated cells frequency on plant roots, and with fixed wavelength fluorescence (FF) by using 2-aminoanthracene as standard compound.

The activation of platinum(II) antiproliferative drugs in carbonate medium evaluated by means of a DNA-biosensor.

We report on the binding of cisplatin, carboplatin and oxaliplatin to double-stranded DNA in two different (phosphate and carbonate) buffers, using an electrochemical DNA-biosensor. The propensity of the electrophilic agent produced by hydrolysis to interact with DNA was measured as a function of the decrease of guanine oxidation signal of the metal-DNA adduct immobilized on a screen-printed electrode, by using square wave voltammetry. The results obtained confirm that carbonate reacts with platinum drugs to form activated carbonato complexes, which are able to react readily with DNA.

Electrochemical biosensor evaluation of the interaction between DNA and metallo-drugs.

Electrochemical techniques were used to study the interaction between a panel of antiproliferative metallo-drugs and double-stranded DNA immobilized on screen-printed electrodes as a model of the analogous interaction occurring in solution. The propensity of a given metal drug to interact with DNA was measured as a function of the decrease of guanine oxidation signal, which was detected by square wave voltammetry. Estimates of variations in experimental parameters, such as the concentration of complexes, time following dissolution (ageing time) and the presence of chloride, are provided.

Electrochemical measurements confirm the preferential bonding of the antimetastatic complex [ImH][RuCl(4)(DMSO)(Im)] (NAMI-A) with proteins and the weak interaction with nucleobases.

An electrochemical and biological study of interaction between the prototypical antimetastatic drug imidazolium trans-tetrachlorodimethylsulfoxideimidazoleruthenate (III) complex, [ImH][RuCl(4)(DMSO)(Im)] (DMSO = dimethylsulfoxide, Im = imidazole), nicknamed NAMI-A, and several biomolecules, namely DNA, bovine (BSA) and human (HSA) serum albumin, is reported. Electrochemistry offers great advantages over the existing devices based on optical techniques, since it provides rapid, simple, and low-cost information whether the interaction occurs or not. Moreover, we describe some biochemical assays to test the interaction of NAMI-A with ribonucleoprotein telomerase and protein Taq polymerase.