Center for Trauma Survivorship improves postdischarge follow-up and retention.

Background: Although the need for high-level care persists postdischarge, severely injured trauma survivors have historically poor adherence to follow-up. We hypothesized that a dedicated Center for Trauma Survivorship (CTS) improves follow-up and facilitates postdischarge specialty care.

Methods: A retrospective study of "CTS eligible" trauma patients before (January to December 2017) and after (January to December 2019) creation of the CTS was performed.

The Center for Trauma Survivorship: Addressing the great unmet need for posttrauma center care.

Background: Returning patients to preinjury status is the goal of a trauma system. Trauma centers (TCs) provide inpatient care, but postdischarge treatment is fragmented with clinic follow-up rates of <30%. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression are common, but few patients ever obtain necessary behavioral health services.

[In-depth assessment of work-related stress in a major company undergoing restructuring].

Background: An in-depth assessment of work-related stress was conducted in a major national telecommunications company undergoing major changes. The assessment was made on three homogeneous groups of workers and covered a large representative sample of the corresponding populations.

Objectives: To identify the main sources of stress for the three populations of workers, stimulate a discussion on the possible corrective actions, and assess the impact of the on-going organizational changes on workers' health.

The HSE indicator tool, psychological distress and work ability.

Background: The Health and Safety Executive (HSE) indicator tool is one of the most commonly used tools for assessing the risk of work-related stress. Few studies, however, have investigated whether and how its scales are related to psychological distress or other work-related health outcomes.

Aims: To investigate the relationship between the HSE indicator tool, psychological distress, as measured by the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ)-12, and work ability, assessed by the Work Ability Index (WAI).

Design for reflection.

Since a few years, a number of academic papers have been proposing to shift from user-centered design to human-centered (or person) design. In this contribution, we discuss as the common tread underlying these works the idea that design should also address the reflective part of our human experience, and not only aim to maximize the experiential aspects. Our review is complemented with examples derived from the internet world and from ICT consumer products.

Are hospitals becoming high reliability organizations?

High Reliability Organizations (HROs) are complex systems in which many accidents and adverse events that could occur within those systems or at the interfaces with other systems are actually avoided or prevented. Many organizations in high-risk industries have successfully implemented HRO approaches. In recent years, initiatives have been undertaken aimed at transforming hospitals into HROs.

The differential role of mental rumination among industrial and knowledge workers.

The nature of work has been changing. It is becoming more and more uncertain, complex, cognitively demanding, disperse in space and in time, and diverse for the people involved. It requires diffuse decision making and responsibility.

Attitudes and approach to cardiovascular risk factors in Italy: results of an electronic questionnaire survey.

Background: The advent of computer-based technology has led to innovative epidemiological research methods to exploit the advantages of computer-mediated communications. The aim of the present study was to develop and evaluate a self-administered electronic questionnaire for acquiring information on cardiovascular health, knowledge and behaviours in a representative, stratified sample of the Italian population.

Methods: We report information on the attitudes and approach to cardiovascular disease prevention in a representative sample of Italian families who were interviewed at home by electronic questionnaires.

[Relations between mental health and work. Review of the literature].

Interest in occupational mental illness has increased as a result also of the technological changes at the workplace. A total of 22 epidemiological studies on this topic were reviewed on the following basis: subject of the study, epidemiological design, type of psychometric scale, results. The authors discuss the methods and constraints of these studies, especially the lack of knowledge on occupational exposure and its relationship to mental health.

Can an analytic/holistic dichotomy explain hemispheric asymmetries?

Same RTs to pairs of letters or other patterns are often faster than different RTs. This finding has led to hypothesize a two-process system of comparison: a fast holistic process for same and a slower analytic process for different responses. In connection with hemispheric specialization, RH has been characterized as a holistic and LH as an analytic processor.

Trends in occupational health and safety policy in Italy.

Experience with and reflections on the interaction among the workplace, the society, and various institutions in the area of occupational health have played an important role in the general political debate in Italy since the 1960s. This paper describes the emergence of the worker's model of investigation into health hazards, an element unique to the Italian experience, and analyzes its impact on the organization of work, government policies, health institutions, and scientific research.

Sex-related differences in hemispheric asymmetries in processing simple geomerical figures.

16 (8 men, 8 women) subjects were required to respond same or different to pairs of geometrical figures. Same responses were given to physical identity pairs, to analog identity pairs, and to name identity pairs. Male subjects showed a left visual-field advantage regardless of the level of processing, whereas female subjects did not show a clear-cut hemispheric asymmetry.

Laterality effects, levels of processing, and stimulus properties.

Two hypotheses of hemispheric specialization are discussed. The first stresses the importance of the kind of processing to which the stimulus is subjected, and the second stresses the importance of the nature of the stimulus. To test these hypotheses, four experiments were carried out.

Evidence for a right hemisphere superiority and for a serial search strategy in a dot detection task.

In Experiment I the subjects manually signaled whether a solid dot was present or not in an array of empty dots presented either in the right or in the left visual field. The dots were either three or six and the target could appear in any of the possible locations. The results showed (a) a left visual field superiority; (b) a left hand superiority; (c) faster responses to three-dot than to six-dot displays, and (d) an effect of the location of the target in the display.

Different levels in processing simple geometrical figures.

An experiment has been conducted in order to extend to geometrical figures Posner's (1969) findings of various levels of processing for alphabetical material. Pairs of simple figures (triangles and trapezoids) were tachistoscopically presented to subjects asked to judge if they were "same" or "different". Subjects were instructed to respond "same" either if the two figures had the same shape or the same name, e.