Characterization of hearing loss in pediatric patients with osteogenesis imperfecta.

Introduction: Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a common heritable disorder affecting type 1 collagen. The sequelae of OI vary, but hearing loss is a significant complication with 46-58 % of patients having some degree of hearing loss. Previous studies have suggested patients with OI may have conductive, sensorineural, or mixed hearing loss.

Surgical simulation of a catastrophic internal carotid artery injury: a laser-sintered model.

Background: The catastrophic and rare nature of an internal carotid artery (ICA) injury during endonasal surgery limits training opportunities. Cadaveric and animal simulation models have been proposed, but expense and complicated logistics have limited their adoption. Three-dimensional (3D) printed models are portable, modular, reusable, less costly, and proven to improve psychomotor skills required for managing different lesions.

Pycnodysostosis at otorhinolaryngology.

Aim: Pycnodysostosis is a rare autosomal, recessive, skeletal dysplasia caused by a mutation in the cathepsin k gene. Pycnodysostosis is characterized by short stature, characteristic facial appearance (delayed closure of fontanelles and cranial sutures, mandibular hypoplasia and angle disorder, blue sclera), and acroosteolysis of the distal phalanges. Our aim was to describe the otorhinolaryngologic findings, differential diagnoses, various treatment options, and followup in eight cases of pycnodysostosis.

Comparison of pharyngocutaneous fistula closure with and without bacterial cellulose in a rat model.

Objective: The present study aimed to compare the effects of bacterial cellulose used for closure of pharyngocutaneous fistulae, a complication of total laryngectomy, with those of primary sutures in a rat model.

Methods: Thirty female Sprague-Dawley underwent experimental pharyngoesophagotomy and were grouped depending on the material used for pharyngocutaneous fistula closure: group I, which received primary sutures alone, group II, which received bacterial cellulose alone; and group III, which received both. After 7 days, the rats were sacrificed.

Circulating calprotectin as a biomarker of laryngeal carcinoma.

Calprotectin is an S100 protein and marker of inflammation found in neutrophils and monocytes; S100 proteins are a family of calcium-modulated proteins. The aim of this study was to determine if the serum concentration of calprotectin is higher in patients with laryngeal carcinoma than in patients with benign laryngeal pathologies and controls. The study included 107 participants.

Use of a Gelatin-Thrombin Hemostatic Matrix for Secondary Bleeding After Pediatric Tonsillectomy.

Importance: Secondary posttonsillectomy bleeding associated with oozing from multiple sites or overcauterized tonsillar bed deserves special evaluation.

Objective: To evaluate the use of an absorbable, flowable gelatin-thrombin hemostatic matrix (GTHM) sealant for secondary bleeding after tonsillectomy.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This was a retrospective data analysis, with information gathered from medical records of pediatric patients with secondary posttonsillectomy bleeding treated with the GTHM between 2012 and 2016 at a referral center and a local satellite facility.

A Challenge for Cochlear Implantation: Duplicated Internal Auditory Canal.

Duplication of the internal auditory canal is an uncommon, congenital malformation that can be associated with sensorineural hearing loss owing to aplasia/hypoplasia of the vestibulocochlear nerve. Only 14 such cases have been reported to date. We report the case of a 13-month-old girl with bilateral, congenital, sensorineural hearing loss caused by narrow, duplicated internal auditory canals and discuss the challenges encountered in the diagnosis and treatment of this condition.

Ewing Sarcoma of the External Ear Canal.

Background. Ewing sarcoma (ES) is a high-grade malignant tumor that has skeletal and extraskeletal forms and consists of small round cells. In the head and neck region, reported localization of extraskeletal ES includes the larynx, thyroid gland, submandibular gland, nasal fossa, pharynx, skin, and parotid gland, but not the external ear canal.

Is it safe to perform adenotonsillectomy in children with Down syndrome?

This retrospective review aims to evaluate the postoperative morbidity and mortality of 30 patients with Down syndrome who underwent adenotonsillectomy between June 2012 and December 2015 in a tertiary referral center. Mean age was 7.8 with a range of 3-12.

Does Papillary Carcinoma of Thyroglossal Duct Cyst Develop De Novo?

Backround. Thyroglossal duct cyst (TDC) is a developmental abnormality of the thyroid gland. Due to embryological remnants of thyroid tissue located in the TDC, the same malignant tumors that develop in the thyroid gland can also develop in the TDC.

Association between Family History and Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss.

Objective: Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is defined as hearing loss of at least 30 dB occurring within three days over at least three contiguous frequencies. The etiology of SSNHL cannot always be precisely determined; in such cases, this condition is termed idiopathic SSNHL (ISSNHL). This unique study investigates the relationship between ISSNHL and positive family history for ISSNHL.

Predictive value of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in patients with deep neck space infection secondary to acute bacterial tonsillitis.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) can be used as a predictor for deep neck space infections (DNSIs) that occur as a complication of acute bacterial tonsillitis in the pediatric population.

Materials And Methods: We evaluated the NLR values of 180 pediatric patients diagnosed with acute bacterial tonsillitis with or without DNSI who presented to the Otolaryngology Department of Marmara University Hospital between 2010 and 2013. In cases in which DNSI was suspected, the patients underwent complete otolaryngological examination and radiological imaging including CT and MRI.

A Rare Variation of Inferior Laryngeal Nerve: Nonrecurrent Laryngeal Nerve.

A nonrecurrent laryngeal nerve variant of the inferior laryngeal nerve is very rarely seen, and surgeons should keep it in mind during thyroid surgery. Preoperative findings, like situs invertus and dysphagia lusoria, may be suggestive of a nonrecurrent laryngeal nerve. However, these findings always have not to be together with nonrecurrent laryngeal nerve, like our case.

Fascin expression in cholesteatoma: correlation with destruction of the ossicular chain and extent of disease.

Objective: Fascin is an actin-bundling protein found in cell membrane protrusions and increases cell motility. The expression of fascin in epithelial neoplasms has been described only recently. No data are available concerning the role of this protein in invasive cholesteatoma.

Trigeminal schwannoma extending into the parapharyngeal space.

Parapharyngeal space tumors are very rarely seen, and surgical approach to these tumors has not been well established. Most of these tumors are benign and originated from salivary glands and neurogenic in nature. In this case, we report a patient who has a trigeminal schwannoma extending into the deep parapharyngeal space and explain our surgical approach.

Pediatric acute external laryngeal trauma.

Larynx and adjacent anatomical structures have complicated physiological functions and mechanical features. Traffic accidents, penetrating stab wounds and shot wounds, sports matches, and occupational accidents cause external laryngeal trauma. In the management of laryngeal trauma, maintenance of airway patency has priority.

Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion associated with olfactory neuroblastoma.

This study reports a patient having olfactory neuroblastoma complicated by syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion. Olfactory neuroblastoma is a rare tumor that begins in the olfactory membrane. Only 10 cases have been reported previously.

Management of incus long process defects: incus interposition versus incudostapedial rebridging with bone cement.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the hearing results of incus interposition and bone cement ossiculoplasty in patients with incus long process defects.

Materials And Methods: Ninety-nine patients with incus long process defects were included. Incus interposition was performed in 49 patients (group 1) and bone cement ossiculoplasty was performed in 50 patients (group 2).

Systemic steroid versus combined systemic and intratympanic steroid treatment for sudden sensorineural hearing loss.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of oral steroid treatment versus combined oral and intratympanic dexamethasone injection for idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss.

Methods: This was a retrospective case review in which 30 patients in the oral steroid group and 39 patients in the combined oral and intratympanic steroid injection group were compared.

Results: The comparison of the initial pure tone audiometry (PTA) threshold results revealed a significant difference between the systemic steroid (SS) group and the systemic and intratympanic steroid group.

Promontory hemangioma mimics glomus tympanicum in the middle ear (promontory hemangioma).

Hemangiomas, common benign vascular tumors, have been well reported in the head and neck region. They have rarely been reported in the ear. Ear involvement hemangiomas are usually seen in the together with external auditory channel and middle ear.

Giant pleomorphic adenoma of the nasal septum.

Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common benign tumor of the salivary glands, mainly arising from major salivary glands such as parotis and submandibular gland. In rare cases, however, pleomorphic adenoma presents in various unusual sites such as the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, hypopharynx, pharynx, larynx, trachea and lacrimal glands. We present a rare case of 80-year-old woman with pleomorphic adenoma of the nasal cavity.

The role of high frequency tympanometry in newborn hearing screening programme.

Backgrounds And Objective: The hearing assessment of the newborns ideally should detect both middle and inner ear functions. The aim of this study is to control the association between otoscopic evaluation, multifrequency tympanometry and TEOAE results.

Methods: Fifty new-borns otherwise healthy were tested after the otolaryngological evaluation by 226 and 1000 Hz tympanometries and transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE's).