Covalent organic frameworks as emerging host platforms for enzyme immobilization and robust biocatalysis - A review.

In recent years, the synthesis and application of green and sustainable products have become global ecological and societal issues. Based on the principles of green chemistry, the application of different biocatalysts not only produce target products and decreases side effects but also enhances the selectivity and activity. Enzyme-based biocatalysts are very interesting due to their high catalytic performance, eco-friendly reaction systems, and selectivity.

Inflammatory potential of the diet and risk of sarcopenia and its components.

Background: Despite a large body of evidence on the link between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and several chronic conditions, limited data are available about the association of DII and sarcopenia. This study aimed to examine the relationship between inflammatory potential of the diet (as measured by DII) and sarcopenia and its components among community-dwelling elderly population.

Methods: This population-based cross-sectional study was performed in 2011 among 300 elderly people (150 men and 150 women) aged ≥55 years, who were selected using cluster random sampling method.

Big Data and Artificial Intelligence: Opportunities and Threats in Electrophysiology.

The combination of big data and artificial intelligence (AI) is having an increasing impact on the field of electrophysiology. Algorithms are created to improve the automated diagnosis of clinical ECGs or ambulatory rhythm devices. Furthermore, the use of AI during invasive electrophysiological studies or combining several diagnostic modalities into AI algorithms to aid diagnostics are being investigated.

Integrating a diet quality screener into a cardiology practice: assessment of nutrition counseling, cardiometabolic risk factors and patient/provider satisfaction.

Objective: We assessed factors related to the integration of an office-based diet quality screener: nutrition counselling, cardiometabolic risk factors and patient/physician satisfaction.

Methods: We evaluated the impact of a 10-item diet quality measure (self-rated diet quality question and a 9-item Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS)) prior to the cardiology visit on assessment of nutrition counselling, cardiometabolic risk factors and patient/provider satisfaction. Study staff trained the nine participating physicians on the purpose and use of the screener.

Intraconal Orbital Hidrocystoma in an Infant.

Intraconal orbital hidrocystoma is a very rare entity. Herein, a 6-month old boy with an intraconal apocrine hidrocystoma will be reported. The patient presented with a left-sided mild proptosis and significant anisometropic hypermetropia.

Hummelsheim procedure combined with medial rectus recession in complete sixth nerve palsy and esotropic Duane Retraction Syndrome.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of half tendon vertical rectus muscle transposition (HVRT) combined with medial rectus muscle recession (MRrec) in complete sixth nerve palsy (CSNP) and esotropic Duane Retraction Syndrome (eDRS).

Methods: A retrospective study of patients with unilateral CSNP or eDRS who underwent HVRT combined with medial rectus recession over the course of 18 years. The patients with previous strabismus surgery and follow up less than 3 months were excluded.

Periodontal Status, Its Treatment Needs, and Its Relationship with Airflow Limitation and Quality of Life in COPD Patients.

Objective: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most prevalent respiratory diseases in the world. There is an impressive relationship between periodontal status and airflow limitation in patients with COPD. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the periodontal status, its treatment needs, and its relationship with the severity of airway obstruction and quality of life in patients with COPD.

Smartphone-Delivered Progressive Muscle Relaxation for the Treatment of Migraine in Primary Care: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: Scalable, accessible forms of behavioral therapy for migraine prevention are needed. We assessed the feasibility and acceptability of progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) delivered by a smartphone application (app) in the Primary Care setting.

Methods: This pilot study was a non-blinded, randomized, parallel-arm controlled trial of adults with migraine and 4+ headache days/month.

Investigating the Relationship between of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and HER-2neu in IHC Staining with Metastasis and Mortality in Patients with Osteosarcoma.

Background: The expression of HER-2neu and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in patients with osteosarcoma may determine the response to treatment. These two factors are likely to be effective in cancer progression. This study aimed at investigating the prevalence of these two factors in the pathological samples.

Applying computer simulations in battling with COVID-19, .

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has made many concerns for healthcare services especially, in finding useful therapeutic(s). Despite the scientists' struggle to find and/or creating possible drugs, so far there is no treatment with high efficiency for the disease. During the pandemic, researchers have performed some molecular analyses to find potential therapeutics out of both the natural and synthetic available medicines.

Analysing First Birth Interval by A CART Survival Tree.

Background: Birth spacing, especially the first birth interval (FBI), is a suitable index to investigate the delayed fertility that results in a low fertility pattern. Non-parametric familiar alternatives to the Cox proportional hazard regression (CPH) model include survival trees that can automatically discover certain types of covariate interactions according to the survival length. The aim of this research is to study FBI influential factors by applying survival trees.

Modified Y- split and recession of medial rectus muscles in convergence excess esotropia.

Purpose: The convergence excess esotropia (CEET) is defined when near esotropia is greater than the distance by at least 10 PD while the eye is corrected with the full cycloplegic refraction. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of a modified technique of Y- split recession of the medial rectus muscles on CEET.

Methods: This was a retrospective study on patients diagnosed with CEET.

Orbital cellulitis secondary to giant sino-orbital osteoma: A case report.

Background: Although osteoma is a common benign tumor of the paranasal sinuses, its orbital extension is not common. Secondary orbital cellulitis has rarely been reported in association with sino-orbital osteoma.

Case: A 30-year-old woman presented with left side proptosis, orbital pain and inflammation.

Correlation Between Low-Dose Chest Computed Tomography and RT-PCR Results for the Diagnosis of COVID-19: A Report of 27,824 Cases in Tehran, Iran.

Rationale And Objectives: Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) remains the gold standard for confirmation of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) despite having many disadvantages. Here, we investigated the diagnostic performance of chest computed tomography (CT) as an alternative to RT-PCR in patients with clinical suspicion of COVID-19 infection.

Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 27,824 patients with clinical suspicion of COVID-19 infection who underwent unenhanced low-dose chest CT from 20 February, 2020 to 21 May, 2020 were evaluated.

Ocular muscle metastasis as the initial presentation of a malignant pheochromocytoma: A unique case.

In this paper, we discuss a unique manifestation of malignant pheochromocytoma, which presented with ocular pain. The histopathological study pointed to a possible pheochromocytoma origin. Subsequently, the patient underwent thorough imaging and paraclinical evaluations, which confirmed the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma.

Presence and diversity of Leishmania RNA virus in an old zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis focus, northeastern Iran: haplotype and phylogenetic based approach.

Objective: Leishmania RNA virus (LRV) is a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) virus that circulates within many species of the Leishmania parasite. In this study, we aimed to investigate the presence of LRV2 circulating in Leishmania isolates in an old focus of ZCL located in northeastern of Iran.

Methods: Leishmania isolates were collected from 85 patients that confirmed to have cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) based on parasitological examination.

Magnetic metal organic framework for pre-concentration of ampicillin from cow milk samples.

The aim of this study is a present of a simple solvothermal synthesis approach to preparation of Cu-based magnetic metal organic framework (MMOF) and subsequently its application as sorbent for ultrasound assisted magnetic solid phase extraction (UAMSPE) of ampicillin (AMP) from cow milk samples prior to high performance liquid chromatography-Ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) determination. Characteristics of prepared MMOF were fully investigated by different techniques which showed the exclusive properties of proposed sorbent in terms of proper functionality, desirable magnetic property and also high specific surface area. Different influential factors on extraction recovery including sorbent dosage, ultrasonic time, washing solvent volume and eluent solvent volume were assessed using central composite design (CCD) based response surface methodology (RSM) as an operative and powerful optimization tool.

Farmers' behavior towards safe pesticide handling: An analysis with the theory of planned behavior.

Inappropriate handling of pesticides in agriculture poses a major risk to the environment and human health, but factors affecting farmers' behavior are diverse and often unclear. The present study examined farmers' behavior in safe pesticide use (disposal of spray solution leftovers, places for washing sprayers, disposal of rinsates, and use of personal protective equipment) in Ardabil Province, Iran by applying the well-known theory of planned behavior, which states that attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control of individuals shape intention and engagement in a specific behavior. Almost 30% of the farmers threw pesticide spray solution leftovers away, while the remaining farmers kept it for next spraying.

A Neurite Outgrowth Assay and Neurotoxicity Assessment with Human Neural Progenitor Cell-Derived Neurons.

Neurite outgrowth assay and neurotoxicity assessment are two major studies that can be performed using the presented method herein. This protocol provides reliable analysis of neuronal morphology together with quantitative measurements of modifications on neurite length and synaptic protein localization and abundance upon treatment with small molecule compounds. In addition to the application of the presented method in neurite outgrowth studies, neurotoxicity assessment can be performed to assess, distinguish and rank commercial chemical compounds based on their potential developmental neurotoxicity effect.

Novel pH-sensitive and biodegradable micelles for the combined delivery of doxorubicin and conferone to induce apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line.

pH-sensitive micelles are desirable for co-drug delivery in cancer chemotherapy. Herein, a novel, very pH-sensitive and biodegradable citric acid grafted poly maleate--poly lactic--glycolic acid was synthesized and assembled as micelles ultrasonication. The engineered homogeneous nanomicelles were used for the first time for doxorubicin and conferone combination chemotherapy in the MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line.

Predicting metabolic syndrome by anthropometric measures among adults 35-65 years in the west of Iran; a cross sectional study from an Iranian RaNCD cohort data.

Aims: Anthropometric indices have been proposed for the early detection of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its risk factors. The present study aimed to determine optimal cutoff points for the Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist Circumference (WC), and Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) in the prediction of MetS.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 9746 adults 35-65 years, recruited in Ravansar Non-Communicable Diseases (RaNCD) cohort.

Functional mechanisms of miR-192 family in cancer.

By growing research on the mechanisms and functions of microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs), the role of these noncoding RNAs gained more attention in healthcare. Due to the remarkable regulatory role of miRNAs, any dysregulation in their expression causes cellular functional impairment. In recent years, it has become increasingly apparent that these small molecules contribute to development, cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, and tumor growth.

COBRA™: a highly potent conditionally active T cell engager engineered for the treatment of solid tumors.

Conditionally active COBRA™ (COnditional Bispecific Redirected Activation) T cell engagers are engineered to overcome the limitations of inherently active first-generation T cell engagers, which are unable to discern between tumor and healthy tissues. Designed to be administered as prodrugs, COBRAs target cell surface antigens upon administration, but engage T cells only after they are activated within the tumor microenvironment (TME). This allows COBRAs to be preferentially turned on in tumors while safely remaining inactive in healthy tissue.

A Study to Assess the Role of Gluten Encoded Genes and Their Regulatory Elements in Bread Making Quality of Wheat.

Background: Quality of bread baking is affected by gluten genes and balance between their expressions. Hence, it is necessary for a comprehensive research to study and compare all gluten genes and their regulating elements simultaneously.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the molecular mechanism of bread quality at the level of coding genes and regulating elements via comparative transcriptome analysis of two extreme wheat cultivars.

Serodiagnosis of Przhevalskiana spp. Infestation in Goats Using a Competitive ELISA.

Goat warble-fly infestation is one of the parasitic diseases caused by the larvae of przhevalskiana spp. It is known to be a major challenge for health and welfare in infested goats and causes high economic losses in livestock worldwide. The detection of goat grub was previously conducted by direct palpation of second and third stage larvae in the back and flank site of the live animals or visual evaluation of the carcasses in slaughterhouses.