Pulsed THz radiation under ultrafast optical discharge of vacuum photodiode.

In this paper, we first present an experimental demonstration of terahertz radiation pulse generation with energy up to 5 pJ under the electron emission during ultrafast optical discharge of a vacuum photodiode. We use a femtosecond optical excitation of metallic copper photocathode for the generation of ultrashort electron bunch and up to 45 kV/cm external electric field for the photo-emitted electron acceleration. Measurements of terahertz pulses energy as a function of emitted charge density, incidence angle of optical radiation and applied electric field have been provided.

[Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in severe combined trauma complicated by fat embolism].

It is presented the victim with severe combined injury complicated by fat embolism and acute respiratory failure. Veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was successfully used to provide adequate extracorporeal gas exchange in refractory respiratory failure.

[Transtumoral decompression in acute left-sided colonic obstruction].

Aim: To prove an effectiveness of transtumoral decompression in patients with acute malignant left-sided colonic obstruction.

Material And Methods: 154 patients with acute left-side colonic obstruction were enrolled. Patients were divided into 4 groups.

[Endovascular arterial embolization for duodenal bleeding as an alternative to surgical approach].

Aim: To present possibilities of transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) in duodenal bleeding management.

Material And Methods: Treatment of 212 patients with acute duodenal bleeding for the period from 2012 to 2014 was analyzed. In 32 (22.

[Tactics by the acute intestinal ischemia].

Treatment results of the acute intestinal ischemia in 72 patients were analyzed. Patients aged 69.2 ± 5.

[Postinfusion complications by acute blood loss].

Highs and lows of infusion therapy for the treatment of the acute blood loss were studied experimentally and in clinic. Colloid and crystalloid solutions, being hemodilutants, do not transport oxygen, causing, therefore, several complications in recipient's organism. Dilutional anemic and lead to heart insufficiency, which, by-turn, cause the so called dilutional circulatory hypoxia.

[The infusion therapy of the acute bleeding].

Intravenous colloid and crystalloid solutions are the mainstay of the acute bleeding therapy. Infusion therapy normalizes the blood circulation volume and improves its flow characteristics. The conducted study revealed that the method normovolemic hemodilution lead to an early unknown type of oxygen insufficiency called the dilutional anemic hypoxia.

[Use of photo-ultrasound technology in the treatment of infected wounds].

The paper details three of the technologies used in the treatment of infected wounds (ultrasound, photodynamic, photomatrix ones) with emphasis on the authors' developed combined photo ultrasound technique. It presents the results of clinical application of these technologies, discusses its capacities, limitations, and prospects alone and in combination. The high efficiency of combined exposure--the photo ultrasound method--is shown.

[Management of combined thoracoabdominal wounds].

Last years in the country gace rise to the problem of treatment of fire-arm's wounds in civil population. The results of treatment of victims with firearm thoracoabdominal wounds have evidenced unprepareness of surgeons for rendering specialized aid in conditions of "military-urban" surgery. The study performed by the authors has shown that there are substantial and principal differences between many postulates of war-field surgery and "military-urban" surgery.

[The pharmacokinetics of Kefzol in patients with acute pancreatitis when administered intravenously and endolymphatically].

Pharmacokinetics was studied of kefsole administered by intravenous and endolymphatic routes to patients (n = 23) with acute pancreatitis. The studies made showed that intravenous route for the drug administration makes for a quicker entering of the antibiotic into the peritoneal exudate. Apart from these reasons, endolymphatic antibacterial therapy does not appear to avert the development of complications involving pus-formation/discharging in acute pancreatitis and does not seem to be essential in the complex of therapeutic measures to be applied for treating the above patients.

[Conservative treatment of complete distal pancreatic fistula].

36 patients with external pancreatic fistulas have been analysed. Complete distal fistulas have been demonstrated in 23 patients. Pancreatic fistulas were caused by trauma of the pancreas (8), acute pancreatitis (10), surgical treatment of the pancreatic cancer (5).

[Surgical treatment of purulent complications of acute pancreatitis].

The results of the treatment of 34 patients with purulent lesions of the pancreas and parapancreatic fat are presented. The surgical policy is proposed, depending on the location of purulent cavities. The policy includes evaluation of the rate of the purulent process dissemination, dissection of the necrotic and nonviable tissues and adequate drainage of the parapancreatic fat with subsequent aspiration (in 48-72 hours) and irrigation of the cavities starting from the 5-7th day.

[The interrelationship of the results of microbiological blood and lymph studies with the severity of the course of acute pancreatitis].

With the purpose of studying the routes for infecting the necroses of pancreas in the time course of development of acute pancreatitis, microbiological investigation were carried out on blood (n = 49) and lymph (n = 11). Comparative evaluation of the microflora composition in different milieus of the organism showed that it is only under aerobiosis that bacteria are recovered from blood and lymph, which fact makes it possible to distinguish the above microflora from the pus of retroperitoneal and pancreatic abscesses. No regularities were found in the patterns of bacterial strains recoverable from blood of those patients with acute pancreatitis relative to phases of disease course.

[The effect of the duration of dynamic intestinal obstruction on the occurrence of suppurative complications in acute pancreatitis].

Longer periods of the dynamic intestinal obstruction in acute pancreatitis are responsible for more frequent purulent complications. Laparotomy in acute pancreatitis is responsible for a longer duration and greater degree of the dynamic intestinal obstruction and more frequent purulent complications. Early administration of cooled electrolytic solutions into the jejunum, according to the authors' data, reduced the periods of the dynamic intestinal obstruction and decreased lethality.

[Microbiological study of peritoneal exudate in acute pancreatitis of diverse severity].

Bacteriologic investigation of peritoneal exudate was performed in 62 patients, including 19--while performing laparotomy and 43--laparoscopic investigation. In the enzyme toxemia phase the exudate was infected in 19.3% of patients.

[Intraoperative ultrasonic treatment in suppuration of necrotic foci of the pancreas and retroperitoneal tissue].

Of 312 patients with an acute pancreatitis the purulent complications have occurred in 33 (10,8%). The low-frequency ultrasound was applied by the authors in 14 patients for sanation of abscesses. There were no complications.

[Possibility of destroying gallstones by pulse YAG-Nd laser radiation using an endoscope].

Four sets of in vitro experiments have been performed to study the effect of pulse YAG-Nd laser inserted into a quartz lightguide on gall-stones and walls of gall ducts. The consistent destruction of stones has been demonstrated no matter what their dimensions and chemical compositions. The method is believed to be safe for clinical usage.