Mycobacterium tuberculosis in household contacts of human immunodeficiency virus type 1-seropositive patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis in Kinshasa, Zaire.

Rates of infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis were compared in Kinshasa, Zaire, in 521 household contacts of 74 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-seropositive index patients and in 692 household contacts of 95 HIV-1-seronegative [corrected] index patients with sputum smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis: No difference was noted between contacts of HIV-1-seropositive and -seronegative patients. The increasing prevalence of M. tuberculosis infection with increasing age was similar in household contacts of seropositive and seronegative patients; by age 16 years, 75% were purified protein derivative-positive.

Safety and immunogenicity of bacille Calmette-Guérin, diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis, and oral polio vaccines in newborn children in Zaire infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1.

Objective: To determine the safety and immunogenicity of childhood vaccines in children with perinatally acquired human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection.

Design: Nonrandomized, prospective cohort study; 12-month follow-up period.

Setting: Obstetric wards and outpatient pediatric clinics at two large hospitals in Kinshasa, Zaire.

Evidence from Zaire that breast-feeding by HIV-1-seropositive mothers is not a major route for perinatal HIV-1 transmission but does decrease morbidity.

Breast-feeding as a route of HIV-1 transmission during infancy but also as a protective measure against early childhood morbidity has been investigated prospectively in children born to HIV-1-seropositive mothers and control children born to age- and parity-matched HIV-1-seronegative women. The mothers of all study children had been enrolled antenatally at a maternity hospital in Kinshasa, Zaire, which served a relatively affluent group of women who sometimes chose not to breast-feed their infants. In 106 children born to HIV-1-seropositive women, the rate of HIV-1 transmission was 21% in 28 infants exclusively breast-fed, 19% in 68 infants both breast- and bottle-fed and 0% in 10 infants who were bottle-fed only (P = 0.

A retrospective cohort study of the risk of tuberculosis among women of childbearing age with HIV infection in Zaire.

To determine the risk of active tuberculosis associated with HIV infection, we retrospectively studied a cohort of HIV-seropositive and HIV-seronegative women participating in an HIV perinatal transmission study in Kinshasa, Zaire. After a median follow-up of 32 months, new cases of proven pulmonary or clinically diagnosed tuberculosis occurred in 19 of the 249 HIV-seropositive women (7.6%, 3.

An analysis of the economic impact of HIV infection among patients at Mama Yemo Hospital, Kinshasa, Zaire.

In a prospective study of adult admissions to the Department of Internal Medicine at Mama Yemo Hospital, Kinshasa, Zaire in late 1988, 129 women and 122 men were screened for HIV infection. Fifty per cent were found to be seropositive, with half of the seropositives meeting the World Health Organization (WHO) clinical AIDS definition. The HIV seropositives had a mortality rate of 50%, which was significantly higher (P = 0.