Low-cost membrane from polyethylene terephthalate bottle waste for water purification and chromium removal: modification and application.

River water has become contaminated with numerous hazardous compounds due to the rapid rise in population and industry expansion. Due to unchecked population growth and the improper disposal of electroplating industrial waste, issues with river water filtration and the elimination of chromium contamination have developed. Various technologies have been developed to overcome these problems.

Performance of a membrane fabricated from high-density polyethylene waste for dye separation in water.

Industrial growth can have a good impact on a country's economic growth, but it can also cause environmental problems, including water pollution. About 80% of industrial wastewater is discharged into the environment without treatment, of which 17-20% is dominated by dyes, such as methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO) from the textile industry. Only about 5% of a textile dye is used in the dyeing process and the rest is discarded.