A critical appraisal of advances in integrated CO capture and electrochemical conversion.

This perspective work examines the current advancements in integrated CO capture and electrochemical conversion technologies, comparing the emerging methods of (1) electrochemical reactive capture (eRCC) though amine- and (bi)carbonate-mediated processes and (2) direct (flue gas) adsorptive capture and conversion (ACC) with the conventional approach of sequential carbon capture and conversion (SCCC). We initially identified and discussed a range of cell-level technological bottlenecks inherent to eRCC and ACC including, but not limited to, mass transport limitations of reactive species, limitation of dimerization, impurity effects, inadequate generation of CO to sustain industrially relevant current densities, and catalyst instabilities with respect to some eRCC electrolytes, amongst others. We followed this with stepwise perspectives on whether these are considered intrinsic challenges of the technologies - otherwise recommendations were disclosed where appropriate.

Cell type specific differences in transcriptome profiles of adipose derived stem cells and vaginal fibroblasts in patients with pelvic organ prolapse.

This study examined the molecular phenotypes of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) and vaginal fibroblasts (VFBs) and assessed whether pelvic organ prolapse (POP) affects their biological properties. We performed RNA sequencing of paired ASCs and VFBs from six patients with POP and six controls (CTRL). The transcriptomes of POP and CTRL in either ASCs or VFBs were compared (DESeq2, false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.

Fundamentals and Translational Applications of Stem Cells and Biomaterials in Dental, Oral and Craniofacial Regenerative Medicine.

Regenerative dental medicine continuously expands to improve treatments for prevalent clinical problems in dental and oral medicine. Stem cell based translational opportunities include regenerative therapies for tooth restoration, root canal therapy, and inflammatory processes (e.g.

Nanoengineered, Pd-doped Co@C nanoparticles as an effective electrocatalyst for OER in alkaline seawater electrolysis.

Water electrolysis is considered one of the major sources of green hydrogen as the fuel of the future. However, due to limited freshwater resources, more interest has been geared toward seawater electrolysis for hydrogen production. The development of effective and selective electrocatalysts from earth-abundant elements for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) as the bottleneck for seawater electrolysis is highly desirable.

Strong-Proton-Adsorption Co-Based Electrocatalysts Achieve Active and Stable Neutral Seawater Splitting.

Direct electrolysis of pH-neutral seawater to generate hydrogen is an attractive approach for storing renewable energy. However, due to the anodic competition between the chlorine evolution and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), direct seawater splitting suffers from a low current density and limited operating stability. Exploration of catalysts enabling an OER overpotential below the hypochlorite formation overpotential (≈490 mV) is critical to suppress the chloride evolution and facilitate seawater splitting.

Biomonitoring of a Nile Delta Lake using benthic foraminifera.

Lake Edku, one of the northern Nile Delta lakes, is a shallow brackish coastal lake subjected to domestic and agricultural effluents via two main drains, El-Khairy and Barsik, in addition to the discharge water of hundreds of fish farms. This study measures the responses of the benthic foraminiferal assemblage to the environmental stressors in Lake Edku. Grain size, organic carbon, and seven potentially toxic elements (Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Cr, Ni, and As) were determined in nine short cores (25-35 cm depth).

Loss of KDM4B impairs osteogenic differentiation of OMSCs and promotes oral bone aging.

Aging of craniofacial skeleton significantly impairs the repair and regeneration of trauma-induced bony defects, and complicates dental treatment outcomes. Age-related alveolar bone loss could be attributed to decreased progenitor pool through senescence, imbalance in bone metabolism and bone-fat ratio. Mesenchymal stem cells isolated from oral bones (OMSCs) have distinct lineage propensities and characteristics compared to MSCs from long bones, and are more suited for craniofacial regeneration.

Solution Combustion Synthesis of Novel S,B-Codoped CoFe Oxyhydroxides for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Saline Water.

Green hydrogen presents itself as a clean energy vector, which can be produced by electrolysis of water by utilizing renewable energy such as solar or wind. While current technologies are sufficient to support commercial deployment of fresh water electrolyzers, there remain a few well-defined challenges in the path of commercializing direct seawater electrolyzers, predominantly related to the sluggish oxygen evolution reaction (OER) kinetics and the competing chlorine evolution reaction (CER) at the anode. Herein, we report the facile and swift fabrication of an S,B-codoped CoFe oxyhydroxide via solution combustion synthesis for the OER with apparent CER suppression abilities.

Biological Effects of Gyrophoric Acid and Other Lichen Derived Metabolites, on Cell Proliferation, Apoptosis and Cell Signaling pathways.

Secondary metabolites from fungi, algae and lichens have remarkable biological activities as antibiotics, fungicides, antiviral drugs, and cancer therapeutics. This review focuses on the lichen-derived metabolite gyrophoric acid and other select secondary metabolites (e.g.

Early Transition-Metal-Based Binary Oxide/Nitride for Efficient Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution from Saline Water in Different pH Environments.

Using abundant seawater can reduce reliance on freshwater resources for hydrogen production from electrocatalytic water splitting. However, seawater has detrimental effects on the stability and activity of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) electrocatalysts under different pH conditions. In this work, we report the synthesis of binary metallic core-sheath nitride@oxynitride electrocatalysts [Ni(ETM)]-[O-N], where ETM is an early transition metal V or Cr.

Are Serum Ion Levels Elevated in Pediatric Patients With Metal Implants?

Background: Previous studies report elevated serum titanium (Ti) levels in children with spinal implants. To provide additional data on this topic, we sought to assess serum ion levels at multiple timepoints in pediatric patients with growing spine devices, spinal fusion instrumentation, and extremity implants placed for fracture treatment. We hypothesized that serum Ti, cobalt (Co), and chromium (Cr) levels would be elevated in pediatric patients with growing spine devices compared with patients with extremity implants.

Objective method to evaluate the competency of residents in cardiac surgery.

Objectives: Cardiac surgery training has become more challenging as patients and their diagnoses become more complex. Our goal was to develop a multicategorical assessment model for evaluating residents in cardiac surgery. This model is intended to ensure goal-directed progress in their training as well as to recognize and support their surgical talents.

Oxygen-Deficient Cobalt-Based Oxides for Electrocatalytic Water Splitting.

An apparent increased interest has been recently devoted towards the previously untrodden path for anionic point defect engineering of electrocatalytic surfaces. The role of vacancy engineering in improving photo- and electrocatalytic activities of transition metal oxides (TMOs) has been widely reported. In particular, oxygen vacancy modulation on electrocatalysts of cobalt-based TMOs has seen a fresh spike of research work due to the substantial improvements they have shown towards oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER).

Biological functions of chromobox (CBX) proteins in stem cell self-renewal, lineage-commitment, cancer and development.

Epigenetic regulatory proteins support mammalian development, cancer, aging and tissue repair by controlling many cellular processes including stem cell self-renewal, lineage-commitment and senescence in both skeletal and non-skeletal tissues. We review here our knowledge of epigenetic regulatory protein complexes that support the formation of inaccessible heterochromatin and suppress expression of cell and tissue-type specific biomarkers during development. Maintenance and formation of heterochromatin critically depends on epigenetic regulators that recognize histone 3 lysine trimethylation at residues K9 and K27 (respectively, H3K9me3 and H3K27me3), which represent transcriptionally suppressive epigenetic marks.

Relative mRNA and protein stability of epigenetic regulators in musculoskeletal cell culture models.

Control of gene expression by epigenetic regulators is fundamental to tissue development and homeostasis. Loss-of-function (LOF) studies using siRNAs for epigenetic regulators require that RNA interference rapidly reduces the cellular levels of the corresponding mRNAs and/or proteins. The most abundant chromatin structural proteins (i.

Early Degeneration Caused by Cusp Tear of First-Generation Trifecta Bioprosthesis.

The Trifecta aortic valve has excellent hemodynamic performance as result of an expansive valve design with a bovine pericardial sheet externally mounted on a titanium stent. We report 2 cases of early Trifecta valve degeneration, both caused by partial rupture of one of the leaflet cusps 3 and 4 years post-implant. Post discharge, both patients had routinely performed echocardiography check-ups, without signs of valve failure.

Benthic foraminifera for heavy metal pollution monitoring: A case study from Burullus Lagoon of Egypt.

Sources of heavy metals pollution in the Burullus Lagoon include phosphate fertilizers, sewage and oil spills from fishing boats. The benthic species identified in this lagoon are Adelosina carinata striata (Wiesner), Quinqueloculina bosciana (d'Orbigny), Quinqueloculina seminulum (Linnaeus), Ammonia tepida (Cushman), Elphidium excavatum (Terquem). A.

Glasgow Coma Scale for outcome prediction after cardiac surgery: is it applicable?

Objectives: The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is used commonly for assessing patients' neurologic condition and outcome in intensive care units (ICUs); however, its reliability in cardiac surgical patients has been questioned. It has been claimed that active sedation is the cause of its unsuitability for these patients. This study aimed to compare the accuracy of GCS in cardiac surgical patients with and without active sedation to find out if the inapplicability of GCS in surgical patients is related to active sedation.

SAPS 3 is not superior to SAPS 2 in cardiac surgery patients.

Objectives: Cardiac surgery patients are excluded from SAPS2 but included in SAPS3. Neither score is evaluated for this exclusive population; however, they are used daily. We hypothesized that SAPS3 may be superior to SAPS2 in outcome prediction in cardiac surgery patients.